Cutaneous melanocytomas: a conceptual cluster of atypical and indolent melanocytic neoplasms

References

• Smoller BR. Histologic criteria for diagnosing primary cutaneous malignant melanoma. Mod. Pathol. 19(Suppl. 2), S34–S40 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farmer ER, Gonin R, Hanna MP. Discordance in the histopathologic diagnosis of melanoma and melanocytic nevi between expert pathologists. Hum. Pathol. 27(6), 528–531 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant-Kels JM, Bason ET, Grin CM. The misdiagnosis of malignant melanoma. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 40(4), 539–548 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brochez L, Verhaeghe E, Grosshans E et al. Inter-observer variation in the histopathological diagnosis of clinically suspicious pigmented skin lesions. J. Pathol. 196(4), 459–466 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook MG. Diagnostic pitfalls with melanocytic tumours. Curr. Diag. Pathol. 10, 463–472 (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Quatresooz P, Piérard-Franchimont C, Piérard GE. Highlighting the immunohistochemical profile of melanocytomas: review. Oncol. Rep. 19(6), 1367–1372 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darier J, Civatte A. Naevus ou naevo-carcinoma chez un nourisson. Bull. Soc. Franc. Derm. Syph. 21, 61–63 (1910).
   Google Scholar
• Spitz S. Melanomas of childhood. Am. J. Pathol. 24(3), 591–609 (1948).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spitz S. Cutaneous tumors of childhood. Disparity between clinical behavior and histologic appearance. J. Am. Med. Womens Assoc. 6(6), 209–219 (1951).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Orchard DC, Dowling JP, Kelly JW. Spitz naevi misdiagnosed histologically as melanoma: prevalence and clinical profile. Australas. J. Dermatol. 38(1), 12–14 (1997).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Walsh N, Crotty K, Palmer A, McCarthy S. Spitz nevus versus Spitzoid malignant melanoma: an evaluation of the current distinguishing histopathologic criteria. Hum. Pathol. 29(10), 1105–1112 (1998).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnhill RL, Argenyi ZB, From L et al. Atypical Spitz nevi/tumors: lack of consensus for diagnosis, discrimination from melanoma, and prediction of outcome. Hum. Pathol. 30(5), 513–520 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spatz A, Calonje E, Handfield-Jones S, Barnhill RL. Spitz tumors in children: a grading system for risk stratification. Arch. Dermatol. 135(3), 282–285 (1999).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gurbuz Y, Apaydin R, Muezzinoglu B, Buyukbabani N. A current dilemma in histopathology: atypical Spitz tumor or Spitzoid melanoma? Pediatr. Dermatol. 19(2), 99–102 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mones JM, Ackerman AB. ‘Atypical’ Spitz’s nevus, ‘malignant’ Spitz’s nevus, and ‘metastasizing’ Spitz’s nevus: a critique in historical perspective of three concepts flawed fatally. Am. J. Dermatopathol. 26(4), 310–333 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnhill RL. The Spitzoid lesion: rethinking Spitz tumors, atypical variants, ‘Spitzoid melanoma’ and risk assessment. Mod. Pathol. 19(Suppl. 2), S21–S33 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee JB. Spitz nevus versus melanoma: limitation of the diagnostic methodology exposed. Eur. J. Dermatol. 16(3), 223–224 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mooi WJ, Krausz T. Spitz nevus versus Spitzoid melanoma: diagnostic difficulties, conceptual controversies. Adv. Anat. Pathol. 13(4), 147–156 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sepehr A, Chao E, Trefrey B et al. Long-term outcome of Spitz-type melanocytic tumors. Arch. Dermatol. 147(10), 1173–1179 (2011).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bourguignon JP, Piérard GE, Ernould C et al. Effects of human growth hormone therapy on melanocytic naevi. Lancet 341(8859), 1505–1506 (1993).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ball NJ, Golitz LE. Melanocytic nevi with focal atypical epithelioid cell components: a review of seventy-three cases. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 30(5 Pt 1), 724–729 (1994).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paquet P, Arrese JE, Greimers R et al. Eruptive speckled melanocytic nevi following drug-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis. Eur. J. Dermatol. 5, 379–382 (1995).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piérard GE, Piérard-Franchimont C, Nikkels A, Nikkels-Tassoudji N, Arrese JE, Bourguignon JP. Naevocyte triggering by recombinant human growth hormone. J. Pathol. 180(1), 74–79 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabroe RA, Vaingankar NV, Rigby HS, Peachey RD. Agminate Spitz naevi occurring in an adult after the excision of a solitary Spitz naevus – report of a case and review of the literature. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 21(3), 197–200 (1996).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collina G, Deen S, Cliff S, Jackson P, Cook MG. Atypical dermal nodules in benign melanocytic naevi. Histopathology 31(1), 97–101 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Onsun N, Saraçoglu S, Demirkesen C, Kural YB, Atilganoglu U. Eruptive widespread Spitz nevi: can pregnancy be a stimulating factor? J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 40(5 Pt 2), 866–867 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reginster MA, Pierard-Franchimont C, Piérard GE, Quatresooz P. Molecular dermatopathology in malignant melanoma. Dermatol. Res. Pract. 2012, 684032 (2012).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Piérard GE, Piérard-Franchimont C, Delvenne P. Streamlining molecular pathobiology of malignant melanoma. In: Essentials of Diagnostic Pathology/Molecular Pathology. Hoefler G, van Krieken H, Hummel M, Stanta G (Eds). Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany (In Press).
   Google Scholar
• Turhan T, Oner K, Yurtseven T, Akalin T, Ovul I. Spinal meningeal melanocytoma. Report of two cases and review of the literature. J. Neurosurg. 100(3 Suppl. Spine), 287–290 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Brien DF, Crooks D, Mallucci C et al. Meningeal melanocytoma. Childs. Nerv. Syst. 22(6), 556–561 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park SI, Cho KO. Dermal melanocytoma-acanthoma in an adult mixed breed dog. Jpn J. Vet. Res. 58(3-4), 165–169 (2010).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu W, Bennett M, Helm T. Canine melanoma: a comparison with human pigmented epithelioid melanocytoma. Int. J. Dermatol. 50(12), 1542–1545 (2011).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Semin MO, Serra F, Mahe V, Deviers A, Regnier A, Raymond-Letron I. Choroidal melanocytoma in a cat. Vet. Ophthalmol. 14(3), 205–208 (2011).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ainsworth AM, Folberg R, Reed RJ, Clark W. Melanocytic nevi, melanocytomas, melanocytic dysplasias, and uncommon forms of melanoma. In: Human Malignant Melanoma, Clinical Oncology Monographs. Clark WH, Goldman KI, Mastrangelo MJ (Eds). Grune & Stratton, New York, NY, USA, 167–208 (1979).
   Google Scholar
• Fraitag S, Vignon-Pennamen MD. Spitz tumor and pigmented epithelioid melanocytoma: new nosological frameworks for commonly ill-defined tumors. Ann. Dermatol. Venereol. 136(2), 133–144 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mandal RV, Murali R, Lundquist KF et al. Pigmented epithelioid melanocytoma: favorable outcome after 5-year follow-up. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 33(12), 1778–1782 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quatresooz P, Arrese JE, Pierard-Franchimont C, Pierard GE. Immunohistochemical aid at risk stratification of melanocytic neoplasms. Int. J. Oncol. 24(1), 211–216 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piérard GE, Al Rustom K. Dysplastic nevi and the concept of triggered melanocytic system. Em. Med. J. 7, 3–6 (1989).
   Google Scholar
• Aktürk AS, Bilen N, Bayrämgürler D, Demirsoy EO, Erdogan S, Kiran R. Dermoscopy is a suitable method for the observation of the pregnancy-related changes in melanocytic nevi. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 21(8), 1086–1090 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tronnier M, Wolff HH. UV-irradiated melanocytic nevi simulating melanoma in situ. Am. J. Dermatopathol. 17(1), 1–6 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brozyna A, Zbytek B, Granese J, Carlson JA, Ross J, Slominski A. Mechanism of UV-related carcinogenesis and its contribution to nevi/melanoma. Expert Rev. Dermatol. 2(4), 451–469 (2007).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Raimondi S, Sera F, Gandini S et al. MC1R variants, melanoma and red hair color phenotype: a meta-analysis. Int. J. Cancer 122(12), 2753–2760 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gandini S, Sera F, Cattaruzza MS et al. Meta-analysis of risk factors for cutaneous melanoma: II. Sun exposure. Eur. J. Cancer 41(1), 45–60 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bataille V, Boniol M, De Vries E et al. A multicentre epidemiological study on sunbed use and cutaneous melanoma in Europe. Eur. J. Cancer 41(14), 2141–2149 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gandini S, Sera F, Cattaruzza MS et al. Meta-analysis of risk factors for cutaneous melanoma: I. Common and atypical naevi. Eur. J. Cancer 41(1), 28–44 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falchi M, Spector TD, Perks U, Kato BS, Bataille V. Genome-wide search for nevus density shows linkage to two melanoma loci on chromosome 9 and identifies a new QTL on 5q31 in an adult twin cohort. Hum. Mol. Genet. 15(20), 2975–2979 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu G, Montgomery GW, James MR et al. A genome-wide scan for naevus count: linkage to CDKN2A and to other chromosome regions. Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 15(1), 94–102 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang YM, Newton-Bishop JA, Bishop DT et al. A pooled analysis of melanocytic nevus phenotype and the risk of cutaneous melanoma at different latitudes. Int. J. Cancer 124(2), 420–428 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pérez-Gómez B, Aragonés N, Gustavsson P, Lope V, López-Abente G, Pollán M. Do sex and site matter? Different age distribution in melanoma of the trunk among Swedish men and women. Br. J. Dermatol. 158(4), 766–772 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uhoda I, Quatresooz P, Fumal I, Nikkels AF, Piérard-Franchimont C, Piérard GE. Updating trends in cutaneous cancers in south-east Belgium. Oncol. Rep. 12(1), 111–114 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zembowicz A, Carney JA, Mihm MC. Pigmented epithelioid melanocytoma: a low-grade melanocytic tumor with metastatic potential indistinguishable from animal-type melanoma and epithelioid blue nevus. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28(1), 31–40 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antony FC, Sanclemente G, Shaikh H, Trelles AS, Calonje E. Pigment synthesizing melanoma (so-called animal type melanoma): a clinicopathological study of 14 cases of a poorly known distinctive variant of melanoma. Histopathology 48(6), 754–762 (2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ludgate MW, Fullen DR, Lee J et al. Animal-type melanoma: a clinical and histopathological study of 22 cases from a single institution. Br. J. Dermatol. 162(1), 129–136 (2010).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quatresooz P, Pierard-Franchimont C, Pierard GE; Mosan Study Group Of Pigmented Tumors. Molecular histology on the diagnostic cutting edge between malignant melanomas and cutaneous melanocytomas (Review). Oncol. Rep. 22(6), 1263–1267 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alonso SR, Ortiz P, Pollán M et al. Progression in cutaneous malignant melanoma is associated with distinct expression profiles: a tissue microarray-based study. Am. J. Pathol. 164(1), 193–203 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergman R, Dromi R, Trau H, Cohen I, Lichtig C. The pattern of HMB-45 antibody staining in compound Spitz nevi. Am. J. Dermatopathol. 17(6), 542–546 (1995).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanter-Lewensohn L, Hedblad MA, Wejde J, Larsson O. Immunohistochemical markers for distinguishing Spitz nevi from malignant melanomas. Mod. Pathol. 10(9), 917–920 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kapur P, Selim MA, Roy LC, Yegappan M, Weinberg AG, Hoang MP. Spitz nevi and atypical Spitz nevi/tumors: a histologic and immunohistochemical analysis. Mod. Pathol. 18(2), 197–204 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orlandi A, Costantini S, Campione E et al. Relation between animal-type melanoma and reduced nuclear expression of glutathione S-transferase pi. Arch. Dermatol. 145(1), 55–62 (2009).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Paquet P, Piérard GE. Glutathione-S-transferase pi expression in toxic epidermal necrolysis: a marker of putative oxidative stress in keratinocytes. Skin Pharmacol. Physiol. 20(2), 66–70 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quatresooz P, Piérard GE. Immunohistochemical investigation of α1 (IV) and α5 (IV) collagen chains in a broad spectrum of melanocytic tumours. Melanoma Res. 15(3), 161–168 (2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piérard GE, Piérard-Franchimont C. HOX gene aberrant expression in skin melanoma. J. Skin Cancer 2012, 707260 (2012).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Abásolo A, Vargas MT, Ríos-Martín JJ, Trigo I, Arjona A, González-Cámpora R. Application of fluorescence in situ hybridization as a diagnostic tool in melanocytic lesions, using paraffin wax-embedded tissues and imprint-cytology specimens. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 37(8), 838–843 (2012).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Klein A, Koopmans AE, Kilic E. Multicolor FISH with improved sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of malignant melanoma. Expert Rev. Mol. Diagn. 12(7), 683–685 (2012).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gammon B, Gerami P. Fluorescence in situ hybridization for ambiguous melanocytic tumors. Histol. Histopathol. 27(12), 1539–1542 (2012).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiuru M, Patel RM, Busam KJ. Desmoplastic melanocytic nevi with lymphocytic aggregates. J. Cutan. Pathol. 39(10), 940–944 (2012).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pennacchia I, Garcovich S, Gasbarra R, Leone A, Arena V, Massi G. Morphological and molecular characteristics of nested melanoma of the elderly (evolved lentiginous melanoma). Virchows Arch. 461(4), 433–439 (2012).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Requena C, Rubio L, Traves V et al. Fluorescence in situ hybridization for the differential diagnosis between Spitz naevus and Spitzoid melanoma. Histopathology 61(5), 899–909 (2012).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ali L, Helm T, Cheney R et al. Correlating array comparative genomic hybridization findings with histology and outcome in Spitzoid melanocytic neoplasms. Int. J. Clin. Exp. Pathol. 3(6), 593–599 (2010).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerami P, Pouryazdanparast P, Vemula S, Bastian BC. Molecular analysis of a case of nevus of ota showing progressive evolution to melanoma with intermediate stages resembling cellular blue nevus. Am. J. Dermatopathol. 32(3), 301–305 (2010).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vanison C, Tanna N, Murthy AS. Comparative genomic hybridization for the diagnosis of melanoma. Eur. J. Plast. Surg. 33(1), 45–48 (2010).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• de la Fouchardière A, Vergier B. Molecular diagnostic contribution in melanocytic lesions analysis (FISH/CGH). Ann. Pathol. 31, S115–S116 (2011).
   Google Scholar
• Abraham RM, Ming ME, Elder DE, Xu X. An atypical melanocytic lesion without genomic abnormalities shows locoregional metastasis. J. Cutan. Pathol. 39(1), 21–24 (2012).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Held L, Metzler G, Eigentler TK et al. Recurrent nodules in a periauricular plaque-type blue nevus with fatal outcome. J. Cutan. Pathol. 39(12), 1088–1093 (2012).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeh I, Vemula SS, Mirza SA, McCalmont TH. Neurofibroma-like spindle cell melanoma: CD34 fingerprint and CGH for diagnosis. Am. J. Dermatopathol. 34(6), 668–670 (2012).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lohmann CM, Coit DG, Brady MS, Berwick M, Busam KJ. Sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with diagnostically controversial Spitzoid melanocytic tumors. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 26(1), 47–55 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pierard GE, Pierard-Franchimont C. The proliferative activity of cells of malignant melanomas. Am. J. Dermatopathol. 6, 317–323 (1984).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piérard GE, Piérard-Franchimont C. Stochastic relationship between the growth fraction and vascularity of thin malignant melanomas. Eur. J. Cancer 33(11), 1888–1892 (1997).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banerjee SS, Harris M. Morphological and immunophenotypic variations in malignant melanoma. Histopathology 36(5), 387–402 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li LX, Crotty KA, McCarthy SW, Palmer AA, Kril JJ. A zonal comparison of MIB1-Ki67 immunoreactivity in benign and malignant melanocytic lesions. Am. J. Dermatopathol. 22(6), 489–495 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergman R, Malkin L, Sabo E, Kerner H. MIB-1 monoclonal antibody to determine proliferative activity of Ki-67 antigen as an adjunct to the histopathologic differential diagnosis of Spitz nevi. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 44(3), 500–504 (2001).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fecher LA, Cummings SD, Keefe MJ, Alani RM. Toward a molecular classification of melanoma. J. Clin. Oncol. 25(12), 1606–1620 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohsie SJ, Sarantopoulos GP, Cochran AJ, Binder SW. Immunohistochemical characteristics of melanoma. J. Cutan. Pathol. 35(5), 433–444 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quatresooz P, Pierard GE, Pierard-Franchimont C; Mosan Study Group of Pigmented Tumors. Molecular pathways supporting the proliferation staging of malignant melanoma (review). Int. J. Mol. Med. 24(3), 295–301 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quatresooz P, Pierard-Franchimont C, Paquet P, Pierard GE. Angiogenic fast-growing melanomas and their micrometastases. Eur. J. Dermatol. 20(3), 302–307 (2010).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaudi S, Messina JL. Molecular bases of cutaneous and uveal melanomas. Patholog. Res. Int. doi:10.4061/2011/159421 (2011) (Epub ahead of print).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Quatresooz P, Piérard GE. Malignant melanoma: from cell kinetics to micrometastases. Am. J. Clin. Dermatol. 12(2), 77–86 (2011).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piérard GE. Cell proliferation in malignant melanoma: relationship with neoplastic progression. Int. Schol. Res. Network Dermatol. doi:10.5402/2012/828146 (2012) (Epub ahead of print).
   Google Scholar
• Richmond-Sinclair NM, Lee E, Cummings MC et al. Histologic and epidemiologic correlates of P-MAPK, Brn-2, pRb, p53, and p16 immunostaining in cutaneous melanomas. Melanoma Res. 18(5), 336–345 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piérard GE, Piérard-Franchimont C, Hermanns-Lê T, Delvenne P. Cutaneous malignant melanoma: one single disease? Rev. Med. Liege. 67(9), 458–460 (2012).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Piérard GE, Piérard-Franchimont C, Reginster MA, Quatresooz P. Smouldering malignant melanoma and metastatic dormancy. An update and review. Derm. Res. Prac. 2012, 461278 (2012).
   Google Scholar
• Piérard GE, Piérard-Franchimont C, Delvenne P. Malignant melanoma and its stromal nonimmune microecosystem. J. Oncol. doi:10.1155/2012/584219 (2012) (Epub ahead of print).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mangini J, Li N, Bhawan J. Immunohistochemical markers of melanocytic lesions: a review of their diagnostic usefulness. Am. J. Dermatopathol. 24(3), 270–281 (2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hussein MR, Haemel AK, Wood GS. Apoptosis and melanoma: molecular mechanisms. J. Pathol. 199(3), 275–288 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vollmer RT. Use of Bayes rule and MIB-1 proliferation index to discriminate Spitz nevus from malignant melanoma. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 122(4), 499–505 (2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heymans O, Blacher S, Brouers F, Piérard GE. Fractal quantification of the microvasculature heterogeneity in cutaneous melanoma. Dermatology (Basel) 198(2), 212–217 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quatresooz P, Piérard GE, Piérard-Franchimont C, Humbert P, Piérard S. Spectral analysis of the microvasculature of primary cutaneous melanoma. Pathol. Biol. 60(2), 149–153 (2012).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bayer-Garner IB, Hough AJ Jr, Smoller BR. Vascular endothelial growth factor expression in malignant melanoma: prognostic versus diagnostic usefulness. Mod. Pathol. 12(8), 770–774 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cockerell CJ, Sonnier G, Kelly L, Patel S. Comparative analysis of neovascularization in primary cutaneous melanoma and Spitz nevus. Am. J. Dermatopathol. 16(1), 9–13 (1994).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piérard-Franchimont C, Henry F, Heymans O, Piérard GE. Vascular retardation in dormant growth-stunted malignant melanomas. Int. J. Mol. Med. 4(4), 403–406 (1999).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diaz-Cascajo C, Borghi S, Weyers W. Angiomatoid Spitz nevus: a distinct variant of desmoplastic Spitz nevus with prominent vasculature. Am. J. Dermatopathol. 22(2), 135–139 (2000).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar