References
- Bhambri S, Del Rosso JQ, Bhambri A. Pathogenesis of acne vulgaris: recent advances. J. Drugs Dermatol. 8(7), 615–618 (2009).
- Held BL, Nader S, Rodriguez-Rigau LJ, Smith KD, Steinberger E. Acne and hyperandrogenism. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 10(2 Pt 1), 223–226 (1984).
- Kaymak Y, Adisen E, Ilter N, Bideci A, Gurler D, Celik B. Dietary glycemic index and glucose, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3, and leptin levels in patients with acne. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 57(5), 819–823 (2007).
- Zouboulis CC, Seltmann H, Hiroi N et al. Corticotropin-releasing hormone: an autocrine hormone that promotes lipogenesis in human sebocytes. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 99(10), 7148–7153 (2002).
- Lucky AW, McGuire J, Rosenfield RL, Lucky PA, Rich BH. Plasma androgens in women with acne vulgaris. J. Invest. Dermatol. 81(1), 70–74 (1983).
- McLaughlin B, Barrett P, Finch T, Devlin JG. Late onset adrenal hyperplasia in a group of Irish females who presented with hirsutism, irregular menses and/or cystic acne. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf.) 32(1), 57–64 (1990).
- Emans SJ, Grace E, Fleischnick E, Mansfield MJ, Crigler JF Jr. Detection of late-onset 21-hydroxylase deficiency congenital adrenal hyperplasia in adolescents. Pediatrics 72(5), 690–695 (1983).
- Elmer KB, George RM. HAIR-AN syndrome: a multisystem challenge. Am. Fam. Physician 63(12), 2385–2390 (2001).
- Bunker CB, Newton JA, Kilborn J et al. Most women with acne have polycystic ovaries. Br. J. Dermatol. 121(6), 675–680 (1989).
- Betti R, Bencini PL, Lodi A, Urbani CE, Chiarelli G, Crosti C. Incidence of polycystic ovaries in patients with late-onset or persistent acne: hormonal reports. Dermatologica 181(2), 109–111 (1990).
- Orfanos CE, Adler YD, Zouboulis CC. The SAHA syndrome. Horm. Res. 54(5–6), 251–258 (2000).
- Demidowich AP, Freeman AF, Kuhns DB et al. Brief report: genotype, phenotype, and clinical course in five patients with PAPA syndrome (pyogenic sterile arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne). Arthritis Rheum. 64(6), 2022–2027 (2012).
- Williams C, Layton AM. Persistent acne in women: implications for the patient and for therapy. Am. J. Clin. Dermatol. 7(5), 281–290 (2006).
- George R, Clarke S, Thiboutot D. Hormonal therapy for acne. Semin. Cutan. Med. Surg. 27(3), 188–196 (2008).