471
Views
68
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Drug Profile

THC and CBD oromucosal spray (Sativex®) in the management of spasticity associated with multiple sclerosis

, , &
Pages 627-637 | Published online: 09 Jan 2014

References

  • Noseworthy JH, Lucchinetti C, Rodriguez M, Weinshenker BG. Multiple sclerosis. N. Engl. J. Med.343, 938–952 (2000).
  • Trapp BD, Peterson J, Ransohoff RM, Rudick R, Mork S, Bo L. Axonal transaction in the lesions of multiple sclerosis. N. Engl. J. Med.338, 278–285 (1998).
  • Richards RG, Sampson FC, Beard SM, Tappenden P. A review of the natural history and epidemiology of multiple sclerosis: implications for resource allocation and health economic models. Health Technol. Assess.6, 1–73 (2002).
  • Kobelt G, Pugliatti M. Cost of multiple sclerosis in Europe. Eur. J. Neurol.12(Suppl. 1), 63–67 (2005).
  • Stevenson VL. Rehabilitation in practice: spasticity management. Clin. Rehabil.24, 293–304 (2010).
  • Rizzo MA, Hadjimichael OC, Preiningerova J, Vollmer TL. Prevalence and treatment of spasticity reported by multiple sclerosis patients. Mult. Scler.10, 589–595 (2004).
  • Shakespeare DT, Boggild M, Young C. Anti-spasticity agents for multiple sclerosis. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.2, CD001332 (2004).
  • Chong MS, Wolff K, Wise K, Tanton C, Winstock A, Silber E. Cannabis use in patients with multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler.12, 646–651 (2006).
  • Pérez J. Combined cannabinoid therapy via an oromucosal spray. Drugs Today42, 495–501 (2006).
  • Ware MA, Adams H, Guy GW. The medicinal use of cannabis in the UK: results of a nationwide survey. Int. J. Clin. Pract.59, 291–295 (2005).
  • Russo EB. Cannabinoids in the management of difficult to treat pain. Ther. Clin. Risk Manag.4, 245–249 (2008).
  • Pertwee RG. Cannabinoid pharmacology: the first 66 years. Br. J. Pharmacol.147, S163–S171 (2006).
  • Di Marzo V, Petrosino S. Endocannabinoids and the regulation of their levels in health and disease. Curr. Opin. Lipidol.18, 129–140 (2007).
  • Pryce G, Baker D. Control of spasticity in a multiple sclerosis model is mediated by CB1, not CB2, cannabinoid receptors. Br. J. Pharmacol.150, 19–25 (2007).
  • Wade DT, Robson P, House H, Makela P, Aram J. A preliminary controlled study to determine whether whole-plant cannabis extracts can improve intractable neurogenic symptoms. Clin. Rehabil.17(1), 21–29 (2003).
  • Brady CM, DasGupta R, Dalton C, Wiseman OJ, Berkley KJ, Fowler CJ. An open-label pilot study of cannabis-based extracts for bladder dysfunction in advanced multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler.10(4), 425–433 (2004).
  • Svendsen KB, Jensen TS, Bach FW. Does the cannabinoid dronabinol reduce central pain in multiple sclerosis? Randomised double blind placebo controlled crossover trial. BMJ329(7460), 253 (2004).
  • Consroe P, Musty R, Rein J, Tillery W, Pertwee R. The perceived effects of smoked cannabis on patients with multiple sclerosis. Eur. Neurol.38(1), 44–48 (1997).
  • Zajicek J, Fox P, Sanders H, Wright D, Vickery J, Nunn A; on behalf of the UK MS Research Group. Cannabinoids for the treatment of spasticity and other symptoms related to multiple sclerosis (CAMS study): multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet362, 1517–1526 (2003).
  • Wade D, Makela P, Robson P, House H, Bateman C. Do cannabis-based medicinal extracts have general or specific effects on symptoms in multiple sclerosis? A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study on 160 patients. Mult. Scler.10, 434–441 (2004).
  • Aldington S, Harwood M, Cox B; on behalf of the Cannabis and Respiratory Disease Research Group. Cannabis use and risk of lung cancer: a case–control study. Eur. Resp. J.31, 280–286 (2008).
  • Martinez-Rodriguez JE, Munteis E, Carreňo M et al. Cannabis use in Spanish patients with multiple sclerosis: fulfilment of patients’ expectations? J. Neurol. Sci.273, 103–107 (2008).
  • Farrar JT, Troxel A, Stott CG, Duncombe P. The validity, reliability and clinical importance of changes in spasticity severity measured on a 0–10 Numerical Rating Scale. J. Neurol.254(Suppl. 3), 21 (2007).
  • Fleuren JF, Voerman GE, Erren-Wolters CV et al. Stop using the Ashworth Scale for the assessment of spasticity. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry81(1), 46–52 (2010).
  • Stott CG, Wright S, Guy GW. A comparison of pharmacokinetic profiles of inhaled delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) from smoked cannabis with Sativex® oromucosal spray in humans: implications for possible symptomatic treatment in multiple sclerosis. Eur. J. Neurol.15(Suppl. 3), 365 (2008).
  • Wade DT, Makela PM, House H, Bateman C, Robson P. Long-term use of a cannabis-based medicine in the treatment of spasticity and other symptoms in multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler.12, 639–645 (2006).
  • Collin C, Davies P, Mutiboko IK, Ratcliffe S; for the Sativex Spasticity in MS Study Group. Randomized controlled trial of cannabis-based medicine in spasticity caused by multiple sclerosis. Eur. J. Neurol.14, 290–296 (2007).
  • Collin C, Serpell M, Potts R. Results of an open-label extension trial of Sativex (THC:CBD) in patients with multiple sclerosis and symptoms of spasticity. Mult. Scler.13, S129 (2007).
  • Collin C, Ehler E, Waberzinek G et al. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study of Sativex, in subjects with symptoms of spasticity due to multiple sclerosis. Neurol. Res.32, 451–459 (2010).
  • Novotna A, Mares J, Ratcliffe S et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, enriched-design study of nabiximols (Sativex®), as add-on therapy, in subjects with refractory spasticity caused by multiple sclerosis. Eur. J. Neurol. doi: 10.1111/j.1468–1331.2010.03328.x (2011) (Epub ahead of print).
  • Notcutt W, Davies P, Langford R, Ratcliffe S. Results of a randomised withdrawal study of subjects with spasticity due to multiple sclerosis who were receiving long term Sativex®. Mult. Scler.15, S258 (2009).
  • Kavia RB, De Ridder D, Constantinescu CS, Stott CG, Fowler CJ. Randomized controlled trial of Sativex to treat detrusor overactivity in multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler.16, 1349–1359 (2010).
  • Rog DJ, Nurmikko TJ, Friede T, Young CA. Randomized, controlled trial of cannabis-based medicine in central pain in multiple sclerosis. Neurology65, 812–819 (2005).
  • Rog DJ, Nurmikko TJ, Young CA. Oromucosal delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol/cannabidiol for neuropathic pain associated with multiple sclerosis: an uncontrolled, open-label, 2-year extension trial. Clin. Ther.29, 2068–2079 (2007).
  • Wade DT, Collin C, Stott C, Duncombe P. Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of Sativex (nabiximols), on spasticity in people with multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler.16, 707–714 (2010).
  • Montalbán X, Wright S. Trial period for new symptomatic treatments: lessons learnt from a Sativex in MS spasticity clinical trial. Mult. Scler.15, S272 (2009).
  • House H, Bateman C, Wade DT. Long-term Sativex (THC:CBD) use in multiple sclerosis: benefits to daily life and functional activities. Mult. Scler.13, S267 (2007).
  • Constantinescu CS, Sarantis N. Long-term open-label treatment with Sativex® in patients with multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler.12, S111 (2006).
  • Sativex oromucosal spray: summary of product characteristics. Almirall, Spain (2010).
  • Thomas H. A community survey of adverse effects of cannabis use. Drug Alcohol Depend.42, 201–207 (1996).
  • Degenhardt L, Hall W. Is cannabis use a contributory cause of psychosis? Can. J. Psych.51, 556–565 (2006).
  • Dannon PN, Lowengrub K, Amiaz R, Grunhaus L, Kotler M. Comorbid cannabis use and panic disorder: short term and long term follow-up study. Hum. Psychopharmacol.19, 97–101 (2004).
  • Iversen L. Long-term effects of exposure to cannabis. Curr. Opin. Pharmacol.5, 69–72 (2005).
  • Aragona M, Onesti E, Tomassini V et al. Psychopathological and cognitive effects of therapeutic cannabinoids in multiple sclerosis: a double-blind, placebo controlled, crossover study. Clin. Neuropharmacol.32, 41–47 (2009).
  • Schoedel K, Chen N, Guy GW et al. Abuse potential of nabiximols oromucosal spray compared with dronabinol and placebo in recreational marijuana users. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol.20(Suppl. 3), S587 (2010)
  • Crayton HJ, Rossman HS. Managing the symptoms of multiple sclerosis: a multimodal approach. Clin. Ther.28, 445–460 (2006).

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.