733
Views
96
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Development of vaccines toward the global control and eradication of foot-and-mouth disease

&
Pages 377-387 | Published online: 09 Jan 2014

References

  • Loeffler F, Frosch P. Summarischer bericht ueber der ergebnisse der untersuchungen zur erforschung der maul- und klauenseuche. ZentBl. Bakt. Parasitkde22, 257–259 (1897).
  • Brown F. The history of research in foot-and-mouth disease. Virus Res.91(1), 3–7 (2003).
  • Arzt J, Pacheco JM, Rodriguez LL. The early pathogenesis of foot-and-mouth disease in cattle after aerosol inoculation: identification of the nasopharynx as the primary site of infection. Vet. Pathol.47(6), 1048–1063 (2010).
  • Pacheco JM, Arzt J, Rodriguez LL. Early events in the pathogenesis of foot-and-mouth disease in cattle after controlled aerosol exposure. Vet. J.183(1), 46–53 (2010).
  • Alexandersen S, Zhang Z, Donaldson AI. Aspects of the persistence of foot-and-mouth disease virus in animals – the carrier problem. Microbes Infect.4(10), 1099–1110 (2002).
  • Golde WT, Pacheco JM, Duque H et al. Vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease virus confers complete clinical protection in 7 days and partial protection in 4 days: use in emergency outbreak response. Vaccine23(50), 5775–5782 (2005).
  • Lombard M, Pastoret PP, Moulin AM. A brief history of vaccines and vaccination. Rev. Sci. Tech.26(1), 29–48 (2007).
  • Brown F, Newman JF. In vitro measurement of the potency of inactivated foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccines. J. Hyg. (Lond.)61, 345–351 (1963).
  • Bahnemann HG. Binary ethylenimine as an inactivant for foot-and-mouth disease virus and its application for vaccine production. Arch. Virol.47(1), 47–56 (1975).
  • Gay CG, Salt J, Balaski C. Challenges and opportunities in developing and marketing vaccines for OIE list A and emerging animal diseases. Dev. Biol. Stand.114, 209–216 (2003).
  • Mattion N, Goris N, Willems T et al. Some guidelines for determining foot-and-mouth disease vaccine strain matching by serology. Vaccine27(5), 741–747 (2009).
  • Hunter P. The performance of southern African territories serotypes of foot and mouth disease antigen in oil-adjuvanted vaccines. Rev. Sci. Tech.15(3), 913–922 (1996).
  • Iyer AV, Ghosh S, Singh SN, Deshmukh RA. Evaluation of three ‘ready to formulate’ oil adjuvants for foot-and-mouth disease vaccine production. Vaccine19(9–10), 1097–1105 (2000).
  • Smitsaart E, Espinoza AM, Sanguinetti R, Filippi J, Ham A, Bellinzoni R. Addition of saponin to double oil emulsion FMD vaccines enhances specific antibody responses in cattle and pigs. In: Session of the Research Group of the Standing Technical Committee of the European Commission for the Control of FMD. European Commission (Ed.). Chania, Crete (Greece), 344–351(2004).
  • The World Organisation for Animal Health. Guidelines for international standards for vaccine banks. In: Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals. The World Organisation for Animal Health (Ed.). Paris, France, 115–120 (2008).
  • Eble PL, de Bruin MG, Bouma A, van Hemert-Kluitenberg F, Dekker A. Comparison of immune responses after intra-typic heterologous and homologous vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease virus infection in pigs. Vaccine24(9), 1274–1281 (2006).
  • Cox SJ, Voyce C, Parida S et al. Protection against direct-contact challenge following emergency FMD vaccination of cattle and the effect on virus excretion from the oropharynx. Vaccine23(9), 1106–1113 (2005).
  • Brehm KE, Kumar N, Thulke HH, Haas B. High potency vaccines induce protection against heterologous challenge with foot-and-mouth disease virus. Vaccine26(13), 1681–1687 (2008).
  • Barnett PV, Carabin H. A review of emergency foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccines. Vaccine20(11–12), 1505–1514 (2002).
  • Salt JS, Barnett PV, Dani P, Williams L. Emergency vaccination of pigs against foot-and-mouth disease: protection against disease and reduction in contact transmission. Vaccine16(7), 746–754 (1998).
  • Parida S. Vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease virus: strategies and effectiveness. Exp. Rev. Vaccines8(3), 347–365 (2009).
  • Cox SJ, Aggarwal N, Statham RJ, Barnett PV. Longevity of antibody and cytokine responses following vaccination with high potency emergency FMD vaccines. Vaccine21(13–14), 1336–1347 (2003).
  • Cox SJ, Barnett PV, Dani P, Salt JS. Emergency vaccination of sheep against foot-and-mouth disease: protection against disease and reduction in contact transmission. Vaccine17(15–16), 1858–1868 (1999).
  • Cox SJ, Voyce C, Parida S et al. Effect of emergency FMD vaccine antigen payload on protection, sub-clinical infection and persistence following direct contact challenge of cattle. Vaccine24(16), 3184–3190 (2006).
  • Rodriguez LL, Barrera J, Kramer E, Lubroth J, Brown F, Golde WT. A synthetic peptide containing the consensus sequence of the G–H loop region of foot-and-mouth disease virus type-O VP1 and a promiscuous T-helper epitope induces peptide-specific antibodies but fails to protect cattle against viral challenge. Vaccine21(25–26), 3751–3756 (2003).
  • Smitsaart E, Sanguinetti R, Filippi J, Ham A, Bellinzoni R. Addition of saponin to double oil emulsion FMD vaccines enhances specific antibody responses in cattle. In: Session of the Research Group of the Standing Technical Committee of the European Commission for the Control Of FMD. FAO (Ed.). FAO, Crete (Greece), 344–351 (2004).
  • Smitsaart E, Mattion N, Filippi J et al. Enhancement of the immune response induced by the inclusion of saponin in oil-adjuvanted vaccines against foot-and-mouth disease. In: Session of the Research Group of the Standing Technical Commission for the Control of FMD. FOA, Borovets, Bulgaria, 255–262 (2000).
  • Saraiva V. Vaccines and foot-and-mouth disease eradication in South America. Dev. Biol. (Basel)114, 67–77 (2003).
  • Straub OC. Foot-and-mouth disease. Challenge of cattle after multiple vaccinations. Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.18(4), 253–257 (1995).
  • Perez AM, Ward MP, Carpenter TE. Control of a foot-and-mouth disease epidemic in Argentina. Prev. Vet. Med.65(3–4), 217–226 (2004).
  • Mattion N, Konig G, Seki C et al. Reintroduction of foot-and-mouth disease in Argentina: characterisation of the isolates and development of tools for the control and eradication of the disease. Vaccine22(31–32), 4149–4162 (2004).
  • Doel TR. FMD vaccines. Virus Res.91(1), 81–99 (2003).
  • Valtulini S, Macchi C, Ballanti P et al. Aluminum hydroxide-induced granulomas in pigs. Vaccine23(30), 3999–4004 (2005).
  • McKercher PD, Bachrach HL. A foot-and-mouth disease vaccine for swine. Can. J. Comp. Med.40(1), 67–74 (1976).
  • Michelsen E. Experience with vaccination in pigs. Arch. Exp. Veterinarmed.15, 317–321 (1961).
  • McCullough KC, De Simone F, Brocchi E, Capucci L, Crowther JR, Kihm U. Protective immune response against foot-and-mouth disease. J. Virol.66(4), 1835–1840 (1992).
  • Grubman MJ, Lewis SA, Morgan DO. Protection of swine against foot-and-mouth disease with viral capsid proteins expressed in heterologous systems. Vaccine11(8), 825–829 (1993).
  • Taboga O, Tami C, Carrillo E et al. A large-scale evaluation of peptide vaccines against foot-and-mouth disease: lack of solid protection in cattle and isolation of escape mutants. J. Virol.71(4), 2606–2614 (1997).
  • Beard CW, Mason PW. Out on the farm with DNA vaccines. Nat. Biotechnol.16(13), 1325–1328 (1998).
  • Grubman MJ. New approaches to rapidly control foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks. Expert Rev. Anti Infect. Ther.1(4), 579–586 (2003).
  • Yang NS, Wang JH, Lin KF et al. Comparative studies of the capsid precursor polypeptide P1 and the capsid protein VP1 cDNA vectors for DNA vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease virus. J. Gene Med.7(6), 708–717 (2005).
  • Ward G, Rieder E, Mason PW. Plasmid DNA encoding replicating foot-and-mouth disease virus genomes induces antiviral immune responses in swine. J. Virol.71(10), 7442–7447 (1997).
  • Niborski V, Li Y, Brennan F et al. Efficacy of particle-based DNA delivery for vaccination of sheep against FMDV. Vaccine24(49–50), 7204–7213 (2006).
  • Chinsangaram J, Beard C, Mason PW, Zellner MK, Ward G, Grubman MJ. Antibody response in mice inoculated with DNA expressing foot-and-mouth disease virus capsid proteins. J. Virol.72(5), 4454–4457 (1998).
  • Li Y, Stirling CM, Denyer MS et al. Dramatic improvement in FMD DNA vaccine efficacy and cross-serotype antibody induction in pigs following a protein boost. Vaccine26(21), 2647–2656 (2008).
  • Parry NR, Ouldridge EJ, Barnett PV et al. Serological prospects for peptide vaccines against foot-and-mouth disease virus. J. Gen. Virol.70( Pt 11), 2919–2930 (1989).
  • Francis MJ, Hastings GZ, Syred AD, McGinn B, Brown F, Rowlands DJ. Non-responsiveness to a foot-and-mouth disease virus peptide overcome by addition of foreign helper T-cell determinants. Nature330(6144), 168–170 (1987).
  • DiMarchi R, Brooke G, Gale C, Cracknell V, Doel T, Mowat N. Protection of cattle against foot-and-mouth disease by a synthetic peptide. Science232(4750), 639–641 (1986).
  • Wang CY, Chang TY, Walfield AM et al. Effective synthetic peptide vaccine for foot-and-mouth disease in swine. Vaccine20(19–20), 2603–2610 (2002).
  • Beignon AS, Brown F, Eftekhari P et al. A peptide vaccine administered transcutaneously together with cholera toxin elicits potent neutralising anti-FMDV antibody responses. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol.104(3–4), 273–280 (2005).
  • Challa S, Barrette R, Rood D, Zinckgraf J, French R, Silbart L. Non-toxic Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A expressing the FMDV VP1 G–H loop for mucosal vaccination of swine against foot and mouth disease virus. Vaccine25(17), 3328–3337 (2007).
  • Cubillos C, de la Torre BG, Jakab A et al. Enhanced mucosal immunoglobulin A response and solid protection against foot-and-mouth disease virus challenge induced by a novel dendrimeric peptide. J. Virol.82(14), 7223–7230 (2008).
  • Mayr GA, Chinsangaram J, Grubman MJ. Development of replication-defective adenovirus serotype 5 containing the capsid and 3C protease coding regions of foot-and-mouth disease virus as a vaccine candidate. Virology263(2), 496–506 (1999).
  • Pena L, Moraes MP, Koster M et al. Delivery of a foot-and-mouth disease virus empty capsid subunit antigen with nonstructural protein 2B improves protection of swine. Vaccine26(45), 5689–5699 (2008).
  • Ren X, Xue F, Zhu Y et al. Construction and identification of recombinant BHV-1 expressing foot and mouth disease virus VP1 gene. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao49(5), 677–682 (2009).
  • Li J, Liu Y, Liu X et al. Screening and stability of Madin-Darby bovine kidney cell strain co-expressing the capsid precursor protein P1–2A gene and the protease 3C gene of foot-and-mouth disease virus. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao48(11), 1520–1525 (2008).
  • Li Z, Yin X, Yi Y et al. FMD subunit vaccine produced using a silkworm-baculovirus expression system: protective efficacy against two type Asia1 isolates in cattle. Vet. Microbiol.149(1–2), 99–103 (2010).
  • Cao Y, Lu Z, Sun J et al. Synthesis of empty capsid-like particles of Asia I foot-and-mouth disease virus in insect cells and their immunogenicity in guinea pigs. Vet. Microbiol.137(1–2), 10–17 (2009).
  • Li Z, Yi Y, Yin X, Zhang Z, Liu J. Expression of foot-and-mouth disease virus capsid proteins in silkworm-baculovirus expression system and its utilization as a subunit vaccine. PloS ONE3(5), e2273 (2008).
  • Balamurugan V, Renji R, Saha SN, Reddy GR, Gopalakrishna S, Suryanarayana VV. Protective immune response of the capsid precursor polypeptide (P1) of foot and mouth disease virus type ‘O’ produced in Pichia pastoris. Virus Res.92(2), 141–149 (2003).
  • Li YG, Tian FL, Gao FS, Tang XS, Xia C. Immune responses generated by Lactobacillus as a carrier in DNA immunization against foot-and-mouth disease virus. Vaccine25(5), 902–911 (2007).
  • Bachrach HL, Moore DM, McKercher PD, Polatnick J. Immune and antibody responses to an isolated capsid protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus. J. Immunol.115(6), 1636–1641 (1975).
  • Vidal M, Cairo J, Mateu MG, Villaverde A. Molecular cloning and expression of the VP1 gene of foot-and-mouth disease virus C1 in E. coli: effect on bacterial cell viability. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.35(6), 788–792 (1991).
  • Shi XJ, Wang B, Zhang C, Wang M. Expressions of bovine IFN-γ and foot-and-mouth disease VP1 antigen in P. pastoris and their effects on mouse immune response to FMD antigens. Vaccine24(1), 82–89 (2006).
  • Shi XJ, Wang B, Wang M. Immune enhancing effects of recombinant bovine IL-18 on foot-and-mouth disease vaccination in mice model. Vaccine25(7), 1257–1264 (2007).
  • Su C, Duan X, Wang X et al. Heterologous expression of FMDV immunodominant epitopes and HSP70 in P. pastoris and the subsequent immune response in mice. Vet. Microbiol.124(3–4), 256–263 (2007).
  • Su CX, Duan XG, Wang XQ et al. Fusion expression of O type foot-and-mouth diseases virus VP1 gene and HSP70 gene and induction of immune responses in mice. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao22(5), 733–736 (2006).
  • Clarke BE, Newton SE, Carroll AR et al. Improved immunogenicity of a peptide epitope after fusion to hepatitis B core protein. Nature330(6146), 381–384 (1987).
  • Zhang YL, Guo YJ, Wang KY et al. Enhanced immunogenicity of modified hepatitis B virus core particle fused with multiepitopes of foot-and-mouth disease virus. Scand. J. Immunol.65(4), 320–328 (2007).
  • Carrillo C, Wigdorovitz A, Oliveros JC et al. Protective immune response to foot-and-mouth disease virus with VP1 expressed in transgenic plants. J. Virol.72(2), 1688–1690 (1998).
  • Carrillo C, Wigdorovitz A, Trono K et al. Induction of a virus-specific antibody response to foot and mouth disease virus using the structural protein VP1 expressed in transgenic potato plants. Viral Immunol.14(1), 49–57 (2001).
  • Dus Santos MJ, Carrillo C, Ardila F et al. Development of transgenic alfalfa plants containing the foot and mouth disease virus structural polyprotein gene P1 and its utilization as an experimental immunogen. Vaccine23(15), 1838–1843 (2005).
  • Huang Y, Liang W, Wang Y et al. Immunogenicity of the epitope of the foot-and-mouth disease virus fused with a hepatitis B core protein as expressed in transgenic tobacco. Viral Immunol.18(4), 668–677 (2005).
  • Chinsangaram J, Moraes MP, Koster M, Grubman MJ. Novel viral disease control strategy: adenovirus expressing α interferon rapidly protects swine from foot-and-mouth disease. J. Virol.77(2), 1621–1625 (2003).
  • Moraes MP, Mayr GA, Mason PW, Grubman MJ. Early protection against homologous challenge after a single dose of replication-defective human adenovirus type 5 expressing capsid proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) strain A24. Vaccine20(11–12), 1631–1639 (2002).
  • Pacheco JM, Brum MC, Moraes MP, Golde WT, Grubman MJ. Rapid protection of cattle from direct challenge with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) by a single inoculation with an adenovirus-vectored FMDV subunit vaccine. Virology337(2), 205–209 (2005).
  • Grubman MJ, Moraes MP, Schutta C et al. Adenovirus serotype 5-vectored foot-and-mouth disease subunit vaccines: the first decade. Future Virol.5(1), 51–64 (2010).
  • Piccone ME, Rieder E, Mason PW, Grubman MJ. The foot-and-mouth disease virus leader proteinase gene is not required for viral replication. J. Virol.69(9), 5376–5382 (1995).
  • Mason PW, Piccone ME, McKenna TS, Chinsangaram J, Grubman MJ. Evaluation of a live-attenuated foot-and-mouth disease virus as a vaccine candidate. Virology227(1), 96–102 (1997).
  • Chinsangaram J, Mason PW, Grubman MJ. Protection of swine by live and inactivated vaccines prepared from a leader proteinase-deficient serotype A12 foot-and-mouth disease virus. Vaccine16(16), 1516–1522 (1998).
  • Mowat GN, Brooksby JB, Pay TW. Use of BHK 21 cells in the preparation of mouse attenuated live foot-and-mouth disease vaccines for the immunization of cattle. Nature196, 655–656 (1962).
  • Martin WB, Edwards LT. A field trial in South Africa of an attenuated vaccine against foot-and-mouth disease. Res. Vet. Sci.6, 196–201 (1965).
  • Zhidkov SA, Sergeev VA. A study of the properties of attenuated cold variant of type O foot-and-mouth disease virus. Veterinariia10, 29–31 (1969).
  • Mowat GN, Barr DA, Bennett JH. The development of an attenuated foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine by modification and cloning in tissue cultures of BHK21 cells. Arch. Gesamte Virusforsch.26(4), 341–354 (1969).
  • Brown CC, Piccone ME, Mason PW, McKenna TS, Grubman MJ. Pathogenesis of wild-type and leaderless foot-and-mouth disease virus in cattle. J. Virol.70(8), 5638–5641 (1996).
  • Almeida MR, Rieder E, Chinsangaram J et al. Construction and evaluation of an attenuated vaccine for foot-and-mouth disease: difficulty adapting the leader proteinase-deleted strategy to the serotype O1 virus. Virus Res.55(1), 49–60 (1998).
  • Beard C, Ward G, Rieder E, Chinsangaram J, Grubman MJ, Mason PW. Development of DNA vaccines for foot-and-mouth disease, evaluation of vaccines encoding replicating and non-replicating nucleic acids in swine. J. Biotechnol.73(2–3), 243–249 (1999).
  • Blignaut B, Visser N, Theron J, Rieder E, Maree FF. Custom-engineered chimeric foot-and-mouth disease vaccine elicits protective immune responses in pigs. J. Gen. Virol. DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.027151-0 (2010) (Epub ahead of print).
  • Maree FF, Blignaut B, de Beer TA, Visser N, Rieder EA. Mapping of amino acid residues responsible for adhesion of cell culture-adapted foot-and-mouth disease SAT type viruses. Virus Res.153(1), 82–91 (2010).
  • Fowler VL, Paton DJ, Rieder E, Barnett PV. Chimeric foot-and-mouth disease viruses: evaluation of their efficacy as potential marker vaccines in cattle. Vaccine26(16), 1982–1989 (2008).
  • Wu Q, Brum MC, Caron L, Koster M, Grubman MJ. Adenovirus-mediated type I interferon expression delays and reduces disease signs in cattle challenged with foot-and-mouth disease virus. J. Interferon Cytokine Res.23(7), 359–368 (2003).
  • Moraes MP, de Los Santos T, Koster M et al. Enhanced antiviral activity against foot-and-mouth disease virus by a combination of type I and II porcine interferons. J. Virol.81(13), 7124–7135 (2007).
  • Dias CC, Moraes MP, Segundo FD, de Los Santos T, Grubman MJ. Porcine type I interferon rapidly protects swine against challenge with multiple serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus. J. Interferon Cytokine Res.31(2), 227–236 (2011).
  • Chinsangaram J, Koster M, Grubman MJ. Inhibition of L-deleted foot-and-mouth disease virus replication by α/β interferon involves double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase. J. Virol.75(12), 5498–5503 (2001).
  • Chinsangaram J, Piccone ME, Grubman MJ. Ability of foot-and-mouth disease virus to form plaques in cell culture is associated with suppression of α/β interferon. J. Virol.73(12), 9891–9898 (1999).
  • Moraes MP, Chinsangaram J, Brum MC, Grubman MJ. Immediate protection of swine from foot-and-mouth disease: a combination of adenoviruses expressing interferon α and a foot-and-mouth disease virus subunit vaccine. Vaccine22(2), 268–279 (2003).
  • de Avila Botton S, Brum MC, Bautista E et al. Immunopotentiation of a foot-and-mouth disease virus subunit vaccine by interferon α. Vaccine24(17), 3446–3456 (2006).
  • De Clercq K, Goris N, Barnett PV, MacKay DK. The importance of quality assurance/quality control of diagnostics to increase the confidence in global foot-and-mouth disease control. Transbound Emerg. Dis.55(1), 35–45 (2008).
  • Mackay DK, Forsyth MA, Davies PR, Salt JS. Antibody to the nonstructural proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus in vaccinated animals exposed to infection. Vet. Q.20(Suppl. 2), S9–S11 (1998).
  • Paton DJ, de Clercq K, Greiner M et al. Application of non-structural protein antibody tests in substantiating freedom from foot-and-mouth disease virus infection after emergency vaccination of cattle. Vaccine24(42–43), 6503–6512 (2006).
  • Kitching RP. Identification of foot and mouth disease virus carrier and subclinically infected animals and differentiation from vaccinated animals. Rev. Sci. Tech.21(3), 531–538 (2002).
  • Robiolo B, Seki C, Fondevilla N et al. Analysis of the immune response to FMDV structural and non-structural proteins in cattle in Argentina by the combined use of liquid phase and 3ABC-ELISA tests. Vaccine24(7), 997–1008 (2006).
  • Armstrong RM, Cox SJ, Aggarwal N et al. Detection of antibody to the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) non-structural polyprotein 3ABC in sheep by ELISA. J. Virol. Methods125(2), 153–163 (2005).
  • Mason PW, Chinsangaram J, Moraes MP, Mayr GA, Grubman MJ. Engineering better vaccines for foot-and-mouth disease. Dev. Biol. (Basel)114, 79–88 (2003).
  • Uttenthal A, Parida S, Rasmussen TB, Paton DJ, Haas B, Dundon WG. Strategies for differentiating infection in vaccinated animals (DIVA) for foot-and-mouth disease, classical swine fever and avian influenza. Expert. Rev. Vaccines9(1), 73–87 (2010).
  • Perry B, Sones K. Global roadmap for improving the tools to control foot-and-mouth disease in endemic settings: report of a workshop held at Agra, India, 29 November–1 December 2006, and subsequent roadmap outputs. International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya, 88 (2006).

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.