Do Diatom, Chironomid, and Pollen Records Consistently Infer Holocene July Air Temperature? A Comparison Using Sediment Cores from Four Alpine Lakes in Northern Sweden

References Cited

• Anderson, N. J. 2000. Diatoms, temperature and climatic change. European Journal of Phycology 35:307–314.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, P. M. , P. J. Bartlein , L. B. Brubaker , K. Gajewski , and J. C. Ritchie . 1991. Vegetation-pollen-climate relationships for the arcto-boreal region of North America and Greenland. Journal of Biogeography 18:565–582.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Battarbee, R. W. 1986. Diatom analysis. In Berglund, B. G. (ed), Handbook of Holocene Palaeoecology and Paleohydrology. London: John Wiley and Sons, 527–570.
   Google Scholar
• Battarbee, R. W. 2000. Palaeolimnological approaches to climate change with special regard to the biological record. Quaternary Science Reviews 19:107–124.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bennett, K. D. 1996. Determination of the number of zones in a biostratigraphical sequence. New Phytologist 132:155–170.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bigler, C. and R. I. Hall . 2002. Diatoms as indicators of climatic and limnological change in Swedish Lapland: a 100-lake calibration set and its validation for paleoecological reconstructions. Journal of Paleolimnology 27:97–115.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Birks, H. J B. 1995. Quantitative palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. In Maddy, D., and Brew, J. S. (eds.), Statistical Modelling of Quaternary Science Data. Technical Guide 5. Cambridge: Quaternary Research Association, 161–254.
   Google Scholar
• Birks;, H. J B. 1998. D. G. Frey and E. S. Deevey Review No. 1: Numerical tools in palaeolimnology—progress, potentialities, and problems. Journal of Paleolimnology 20:307–332.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Birks, H. J B. and A. D. Gordon . 1985. Numerical Methods in Quaternary Pollen Analysis. London: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Birks, H. J B. , J. M. Line , S. Juggins , A. C. Stevenson , and C. J F. ter Braak . 1990. Diatoms and pH reconstruction. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 327:263–278.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradshaw, E. G. , V. J. Jones , H. J B. Birks , and H. H. Birks . 2000. Diatom responses to late-glacial and early-Holocene environmental changes at Kråkenes, western Norway. Journal of Paleolimnology 23:21–34.
   Google Scholar
• Brooks, S. J. and H. J B. Birks . 2000. Chironomid-inferred late-glacial and early-Holocene mean July air temperatures for Kråkenes Lake, western Norway. Journal of Paleolimnology 23:77–89.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brooks, S. J. and H. J B. Birks . 2001. Chironomid-inferred air temperatures from Late glacial and Holocene sites in north-west Europe: progress and problems. Quaternary Science Reviews 20:1723–1741.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grimm, E. 1993. TILIA v2.0 (software). Springfield, IL: Illinois State Museum, Research and Collections Centre.
   Google Scholar
• Haworth, E. Y. 1976. Two late-Glacial (late Devensian) diatom assemblage profiles from northern Scotland. New Phytologist 77:227–256.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heiri, O. and A. F. Lotter . 2001. Effect of low count sums on quantitative environmental reconstructions: an example using subfossil chironomids. Journal of Paleolimnology 26:343–350.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huisman, J. , H. Olff , and L. F M. Fresco . 1993. A hierarchical set of models for species response analysis. Journal of Vegetation Science 4:37–46.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson, D. A. 1993. Stopping rules in principal component analysis: a comparison of heuristical and statistical approaches. Ecology 74:2204–2214.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jolliffe, I. T. 1986. Principal Component Analysis. New York: Springer-Verlag. 271 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Juggins, S. 1991. ZONE. Unpublished computer program, version 1.2. Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK: Department of Geography, University of Newcastle.
   Google Scholar
• Juggins, S. and C. J F. ter Braak . 1995. WAPLS. Unpublished computer program, version 1.0. Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK: Department of Geography, University of Newcastle.
   Google Scholar
• Korhola, A. , J. Weckström , L. Holmström , and P. Erästö . 2000. A quantitative Holocene climate record from diatoms in Northern Fennoscandia. Quaternary Research 54:284–294.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laaksonen, K. 1976. The dependence of mean air temperatures upon latitude and altitude in Fennoscandia (1921–1950). Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae 119:series A, 5–19.
   Google Scholar
• Laing, T. E. and J. P. Smol . 2000. Factors influencing diatom distribution in circumpolar treeline lakes of northern Russia. Journal of Phycology 36:1035–1048.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larocque, I. 2001. How many chironomid head capsules are enough? A statistical approach to determine sample size for paleoclimatic reconstructions. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 172:133–142.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levesque, A. J. , E. M. Francis , I. R. Walker , and L. C. Cwynar . 1993. A previously unrecognized late-glacial cold event in eastern North America. Nature 361:623–626.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Livingstone, D. and A. F. Lotter . 1998. The relationship between air and water temperatures in lakes of the Swiss Plateau: a case study with palaeolimnological implications. Journal of Paleolimnology 19:181–198.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lotter, A. F. and S. Juggins . 1991. POLPROF, TRAN and ZONE. Programs for plotting, editing and zoning pollen and diatom data. INQUA Commission for the study of the Holocene, Working Group on Data Handling Methods, Newsletter 6.
   Google Scholar
• Lotter, A. F. , H. J B. Birks , W. Hofmann , and A. Marchetto . 1997. Modern diatom, cladocera, chironomid, and chrysophyte cyst assemblages as quantitative indicators for the reconstruction of past environmental conditions in the Alps. I. Climate. Journal of Paleolimnology 18:395–420.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lotter, A. F. , I. R. Walker , S. J. Brooks , and W. Hofmann . 1999a. An intercontinental comparison of chironomid palaeotemperature inference models: Europe vs North America. Quaternary Science Reviews 18:717–735.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lotter, A. F. , R. Pienitz , and R. Schmidt . 1999b. Diatoms as indicators of environmental change near arctic and alpine treeline. In Stoermer E. F., and Smol J. P. (eds.), The Diatoms: Applications for the Environmental and Earth Sciences. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 205–226.
   Google Scholar
• Lotter, A. F. , H. J B. Birks , U. Eicher , W. Hoffmann , J. Schwander , and L. Wick . 2000. Younger Dryas and Allerød summer temperatures at Gerzensee (Switzerland) inferred from fossil pollen and cladoceran assemblages. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 159:349–361.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olander, H. , H. J B. Birks , A. Korhola , and T. Blom . 1999. An expanded calibration model for inferring lakewater and air temperatures from fossil chironomid assemblages in northern Fennoscandia. The Holocene 9:279–294.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pellatt, M. G. , M. J. Smith , R. W. Mathewes , I. R. Walker , and S. L. Palmer . 2000. Holocene treeline and climate change in the subalpine zone near Stoyoma Mountain, Cascade Mountains, southwestern British Columbia, Canada. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research 32:73–83.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pienitz, R. , J. P. Smol , and H. J B. Birks . 1995. Assessment of freshwater diatoms as quantitative indicators of past climatic change in the Yukon and Northwest Territories, Canada. Journal of Paleolimnology 13:21–49.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rawlence, D. J. and A. Senior . 1988. A late-Glacial diatom and pigment history of Little Lake, New Brunswick with particular reference to the younger Dryas climatic oscillation. Journal of Paleolimnology 1:163–177.
   Google Scholar
• Rosén, P. , R. Hall , T. Korsman , and I. Renberg . 2000. Diatom transfer-functions for quantifying past air temperature, pH and total organic carbon concentration from lakes in northern Sweden. Journal of Paleolimnology 24:109–123.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosén, P. , U. Segerström , L. Eriksson , I. Renberg , and H. J B. Birks . 2001. Climate change during the Holocene as recorded by diatoms, chironomids, pollen and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in a sediment core from an alpine lake (Sjuodjijaure) in northern Sweden. The Holocene 11:551–562.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, M. J. , M. G. Pellatt , I. R. Walker , and R. W. Mathewes . 1998. Postglacial changes in chironomid communities and inferred climate near treeline at Mount Stoyoma, Cascade Mountains, southwestern British Columbia, Canada. Journal of Paleolimnology 20:227–293.
   Google Scholar
• Smol, J. P. 1988. Paleoclimate proxy data from freshwater arctic diatoms. Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 23:837–844.
   Google Scholar
• Smol, J. P. and B. F. Cumming . 2000. Tracking long-term changes in climate using algal indicators in lake sediments. Journal of Phycology 36:986–1011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snowball, I. , P. Sandgren , and G. Petterson . 1999. The mineral magnetic properties of an annually laminated Holocene lake-sediment sequence in northern Sweden. The Holocene 9:353–362.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stabell, B. 1985. The development and succession of taxa within the diatom genus Fragilaria Lyngbye as a response to basin isolation from the sea. Boreas 14:273–286.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stuiver, M. and P. J. Reimer . 1993. Extended 14C data base and revised CALIB 3.0 14C calibration program. Radiocarbon 35:215–230.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ter Braak, C. J F. 1991. CANOCO version 3.12. Agricultural Mathematics Group, Wageningen.
   Google Scholar
• ter Braak, C. J F. and C. W N. Looman . 1986. Weighted averaging, logistic regression and the Gaussian response model. Vegetatio 65:3–11.
   Google Scholar
• Vinebrooke, R. D. and P. R. Leavitt . 1996. Effects of ultraviolet radiation in an alpine lake. Limnology and Oceanography 41:1035–1040.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vyverman, W. and K. Sabbe . 1995. Diatom-temperature transfer functions based on the altitudinal zonation of diatom assemblages in Papua New Guinea: a possible tool in the reconstruction of regional palaeoclimatic changes. Journal of Paleolimnology 13:65–77.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker, I. R. , J. P. Smol , D. R. Engstrom , and H. J B. Birks . 1991a. An assessment of Chironomidae as quantitative indicators of past climatic change. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 48:975–987.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker, I. R. , R. J. Mott , and J. P. Smol . 1991b. Allerød–Younger Dryas lake temperatures from midge fossils in Atlantic Canada. Science 253:1010–1012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weckström, J. , A. Korhola , and T. Blom . 1997. Diatoms as quantitative indicators of pH and water temperature in subarctic Fennoscandian lakes. Hydrobiologia 347:171–84.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wunsam, S. , R. Schmidt , and R. Klee . 1995. Cyclotella -taxa (Bacillariophyceae) in lakes of the Alpine region and their relationship to environmental variables. Aquatic Science 57:360–386.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar