692
Views
33
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Temporal Variability of Rockfall in the Bavarian Alps, Germany

Pages 564-573 | Received 01 Feb 2005, Published online: 28 Jan 2018

References Cited

  • Åkerman, H. J. 1983. Notes on talus morphology and processes in Spitsbergen. Geografiska Annaler 66A:267–84.
  • André, M-F. 1997. Holocene rockwall retreat in Svalbard: a triple-rate evolution. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 22:423–440.
  • Becht, M. 1995. Untersuchungen zur aktuellen Reliefentwicklung in alpinen Einzugsgebieten. Münchener Geographische Abhandlungen, A47: 187 pp.
  • Caine, T. N. 1976. The influence of snow and increased snowfall on contemporary geomorphic processes in alpine areas. In Steinoff, H. D., and Ives, J. D. (eds.), Ecological impacts of snowpack augmentation in the San Juan Mountains, Colorado. Fort Collins: Colorado State University, San Juan Ecology Project.
  • Coutard, J-P. and B. Francou . 1989. Rock temperature measurements in two alpine environments: Implications for frost weathering. Arctic and Alpine Research 21:399–416.
  • Douglas, G. R. 1980. Magnitude frequency study of rockfall in Co. Antrim, N-Ireland. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 5:123–129.
  • Fahey, B. D. and D. F. Dagesse . 1984. An experimental study of the effect of humidity and temperature variation on the granular disintegration of argillaceous carbonate rocks in cold climates. Arctic and Alpine Research 16:291–298.
  • Fahey, B. D. and T. H. Lefebure . 1988. The freeze-thaw weathering regime at a section of the Niagara Escarpment on the Bruce Peninsula, southern Ontario, Canada. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 13:293–304.
  • Francou, B. 1982. Chutes de pierres et éboulisation dans les parois de l'étage périglaciaire. Revue de Géographie Alpine 70:279–300.
  • Gardner, J. S. 1980. Frequency, magnitude, and spatial distribution of mountain rockfalls and rockslides in the Highwood Pass area, Alberta, Canada. In Coates, D. R., and Vitek, J. D. (eds.), Thresholds in Geomorphology. London: Allen & Unwin, 267–295.
  • Gardner, J. S. 1983. Rockfall frequency and distribution in the Highwood Pass area, Canadian Rocky Mountains. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie 27:311–324.
  • Hall, K. 1988. A laboratory simulation of rock breakdown due to freeze-thaw in a maritime antarctic environment. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 13:369–382.
  • Hall, K. 1997. Rock temperatures and implications for cold region weathering, I: new data from Viking Valley, Alexander Island, Antarctica. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes 8:69–90.
  • Hall, K. and M-F. André . 2001. New insight into rock weathering from high-frequency rock temperature data: an antarctic study of weathering by thermal stress. Geomorphology 41:23–35.
  • Hall, K. and A. Hall . 1996. Weathering by wetting and drying: Some experimental results. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 21:365–376.
  • Hall, K. , C. E. Thorn , N. Matsuoka , and A. Prick . 2002. Weathering in cold regions: some thoughts and perspectives. Progress in Physical Geography 26:4 577–603.
  • Ishikawa, M. , Y. Kurashige , and K. Hirakawa . 2004. Analysis of crack movement observed in an alpine bedrock cliff. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 29:883–891.
  • Lautridou, J-P. 1988. Recent advances in cryogenic weathering. In Clark, M. J. (ed.), Advances in periglacial geomorphology. New York: Wiley.
  • Litvan, G. G. 1980. Freeze-thaw durability of porous building materials. American Society for Testing and Materials, Special Technical Publication 691: 455–463.
  • Luckman, B. H. 1976. Rockfalls and rockfall inventory data: Some observations from Surprise Valley, Jasper National Park, Canada. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 1:287–298.
  • Matsuoka, N. 1990. The rate of bedrock weathering by frost action: Field measurements and a predictive model. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 15:73–90.
  • Matsuoka, N. 2001. Direct observation of frost wedging in alpine bedrock. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 26:601–614.
  • Matsuoka, N. and H. Sakai . 1999. Rockfall activity from an alpine cliff during thawing periods. Geomorphology 28:309–328.
  • Matsuoka, N. , K. Morikawi , and K. Hirakawa . 1996. Field experiments on physical weathering and wind erosion in an antarctic cold desert. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 21:687–699.
  • McGreevy, J. P. and W. B. Whalley . 1985. Rock moisture content and frost weathering under natural and experimental condition: A comparative discussion. Arctic and Alpine Research 17:337–346.
  • Nyberg, R. 1991. Geomorphic processes at snowpatch sites in the Abisko Mountains, northern Sweden. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie 35:321–343.
  • Prick, A. 1997. Critical degree of saturation as a threshold moisture level in frost weathering of limestones. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes 8:91–99.
  • Rapp, A. 1960. Recent development of mountain slopes in Kärkevagge and surroundings, northern Scandinavia. Geografiska Annaler 42:65–201.
  • Sass, O. 1998. Die Steuerung von Steinschlagmenge und -verteilung durch Mikroklima, Gesteinsfeuchte und Gesteinseigenschaften im westlichen Karwendelgebirge (Bayerische Alpen). Münchener Geographische Abhandlungen B29, 175 pp.
  • Sass, O. 2004. Rock moisture fluctuations during freeze-thaw cycles—preliminary results derived from electrical resistivity measurements. Polar Geography 28:1 13–31.
  • Sass, O. 2005a. Spatial patterns of rockfall intensity in the northern Alps. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie Suppl., Vol. 138:51–65.
  • Sass, O. 2005b. Rock moisture measurements: techniques, results, and implications for weathering. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, . 30:347–359.
  • Sass, O. and K. Wollny . 2001. Investigations regarding alpine talus slopes using ground penetrating radar (GPR) in the Bavarian Alps, Germany. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 26:10 1071–1086.
  • Thorn, C. E. , R. G. Darmody , J. C. Dixon , and P. Schlyter . 2001. The chemical weathering regime of Kärkevagge, arctic-alpine Sweden. Geomorphology 41:37–52.
  • Tricart, J. 1956. Etude expérimentale du problème de la gélivation. Biuletyn Peryglacjalny 4:285–318.
  • Vorndran, E. 1969. Untersuchungen über Schuttentstehung und Ablagerungsformen in der Hochregion der Silvretta (Ostalpen). Schriften des Geographischen Instituts der Universität Kiel 29, 140 pp.
  • Walder, J. S. and B. Hallet . 1986. The physical basis of frost weathering: Toward a more fundamental and unified perspective. Arctic and Alpine Research 18:27–32.
  • Wiman, S. 1963. A preliminary study of experimental frost weathering. Geografiska Annaler 45:113–121.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.