Voles Are Attracted to Fertilizer in Field Experiments

References Cited

• Arii, K. and R. Turkington . 2002. Do nutrient availability and competition limit plant growth of herbaceous species in the boreal forest understory? Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research 34:251–261.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ball, J. P. , K. Danell , and P. Sunesson . 2000. Response of a herbivore community to increased food quality and quantity: an experiment with nitrogen fertilizer in a boreal forest. Journal of Applied Ecology 37:247–255.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boonstra, R. , C. J. Krebs , S. Gilbert , and S. Schweiger . 2001. Voles and mice. In Krebs, C. J. , S. Boutin , and R. Boonstra . Ecosystem Dynamics of the Boreal Forest: the Kluane Project. Oxford/New York Oxford University Press. 215–239.
   Google Scholar
• Dlott, F. and R. Turkington . 2000. Regulation of boreal forest understory vegetation: the roles of herbivores and resources. Plant Ecology 151:239–251.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grellmann, D. 2002. Plant responses to fertilization and exclusion of grazers on an arctic tundra heath. Oikos 98:198–204.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansson, L. 1990. Mineral selection in microtine populations. Oikos 59:213–224.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansson, L. 1991. Bark consumption by voles in relation to mineral contents. Journal of Chemical Ecology 17:735–743.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hartley, S. E. , K. Nelson , and M. Gorman . 1995. The effect of fertilizer and shading on plant chemical composition and palatability to Orkney voles, Microtus arvalis orcadensis . Oikos 72:79–87.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• John, E. and R. Turkington . 1997. A five-year study of the effects of nutrient availability and herbivory on two boreal forest herbs. Journal of Ecology 85:419–430.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krebs, C. J. , S. Boutin , and R. Boonstra . 2001. Ecosystem Dynamics of the Boreal Forest: the Kluane Project. New York Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nams, V. O. , N. F. G. Folkard , and J. N. M. Smith . 1993. Effects of nitrogen fertilization on several woody and nonwoody boreal forest species. Canadian Journal of Botany 71:93–97.
   Google Scholar
• Robbins, C. T. 1993. Wildlife Feeding and Nutrition. San Diego, California Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Rousi, M. , J. Tahvanainen , H. Henttonen , and I. Uotila . 1993. Effects of shading and fertilization on resistance of winter-dormant birch ( Betula pendula ) to voles and hares. Ecology 74:30–38.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SAS 1995. JMP. Cary, North Carolina SAS Institute Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Treberg, M. A. 2007. Community- and species-level consequences of competition in an unproductive environment: an experimental approach using boreal forest understory vegetation. PhD thesis. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
   Google Scholar
• Turkington, R. , E. John , C. J. Krebs , M. R. T. Dale , V. O. Nams , R. Boonstra , S. Boutin , A. R. E. Sinclair , and J. N. M. Smith . 1998. The effects of NPK fertilization for nine years on boreal forest vegetation in northwestern Canada. Journal of Vegetation Science 9:333–346.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turkington, R. , E. John , S. Watson , and P. Seccombe-Hett . 2002. The effects of fertilization and herbivory on the herbaceous vegetation of the boreal forest in north-western Canada: a 10-year study. Journal of Ecology 90:325–337.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar