References Cited
- Alley, R. B. , Cuffey, K. M. , Evenson, E. B. , Strasser, J. C. , Lawson, D. E. , and Larson, G. E. , 1997: How glaciers entrain and transport basal sediment: physical constraints. Quaternary Science Reviews , 16: 1017–1038.
- Andresen, C. , Straneo, F. , Ribergaard, M. , Bjørk, A. , Kuijpers, A. , Nørgaard-Pedersen, N. , Kjær, K. , Schjøth, F. , Weckström, K. , and Ahlstrøm, A. , 2012: How glaciers entrain and transport basal sediment: physical constraints. Nature Geoscience , 5: 37–41.
- Barnes, S. , 1964: A technique for maximizing details in numerical weather map analysis. Journal of Applied Meteorology , 3: 396–409.
- Bartholomaus, T. , Anderson, R. , and Anderson, S. , 2008: Response of glacier basal motion to transient water storage. Nature Geoscience , 1: 33–37.
- Bartholomew, I. , Nienow, P. , Mair, D. , Hubbard, A. , King, M. , and Sole, A. , 2010: Seasonal evolution of subglacial drainage and acceleration in a Greenland outlet glacier. Nature Geoscience , 3:408–411.
- Bartholomew, I. , Nienow, P. , Sole, A. , Mair, D. , Cowton, T. , Palmer, S. , and Wadham, J. , 2011: Supraglacial forcing of subglacial drainage in the ablation zone of the Greenland ice sheet. Geophysical Research Letters , 38(L) : 08502, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GL047063 .
- Clarke, G. K. C. , 1996a: Lumped-element analysis of subglacial hydraulic circuits. Journal of Geophysical Research , 101(B8): 17547–17559.
- Clarke, G. K. C. , 1996b: Lumped-element model for subglacial transport of solute and suspended sediment. Annals of Glaciology , 22: 152–159.
- Clarke, G. K. C. , 2005: Subglacial processes. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences , 33: 247–276.
- Colbeck, S. C. , 1976: An analysis of water flow in dry snow. Water Resource Research , 12(3): 523–527.
- Fischer, U. H. , and Clarke, G. K. C. , 2001: Review of subglacial hydromechanical coupling: Trapridge glacier, Yukon Territory, Canada. Quaternary International , 84: 29–43.
- Fountain, A. , and Walder, J. , 1998: Water flow through temperate glaciers. Reviews of Geophysics , 36(3): 299–327.
- Hasholt, B. , 1976: Hydrology and transport of material in the Sermilik area 1972. Danish Journal of Geography , 75: 30–39.
- Hasholt, B. , and Mernild, S. H. , 2006: Glacial erosion and sediment transport in the Mittivakkat glacier catchment, Ammassalik Island, Southeast Greenland, 2005. Sediment Dynamics and the Hydromorphology of Fluvial Systems , 306: 45–55.
- Hasholt, B. , and Mernild, S. H. , 2008: Hydrology, sediment transport and water resources of Ammassalik Island, SE Greenland. Danish Journal of Geography , 108(1): 73–95.
- Hasholt, B. , Bobrovitskaya, N. , Bogen, J. , McNamara, J. , Mernild, S. H. , Milbourn, D. , and Walling, D. E. , 2006: Sediment transport to the Arctic Ocean and adjoining cold oceans. Nordic Hydrology , 37(4–5): 413–432.
- Hasholt, B. , Krueger, J. , and Skjernaa, L. , 2008: Landscape and sediment processes in a proglacial valley, the Mittivakkat Glacier area, Southeast Greenland. Danish Journal of Geography , 108(1): 97–110.
- Herman, F. , Beaud, F. , Champagnac, J. D. , Lemieux, J.-M. , and Sternai, P. , 2011: Glacial hydrology and erosion pattern: a mechanism for calving glacial valleys. Earth and Planetary Science Letters , 310: 498–508.
- Hildes, D. H. D. , Clarke, G. K. C. , Flowers, G. E. , and Marshall, S. J. , 2004: Subglacial erosion and englacial sediment transport modelled for North American icesheets. Quaternary Science Reviews , 23: 409–430.
- Jones, H. , and Arnold, N. , 1999: Modelling the entrainment and transport of suspended sediment in subglacial hydrological systems. Glacial Geology and Geomorphology, rp09: 1–19.
- Knudsen, N. T. , and Hasholt, B. , 1999: Radio-echo sounding of the Mittivakkat Gletscher, Southeast Greenland. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research , 31(3): 321–328.
- Koch, S. , DesJardins, M. , and Kocin, P. , 1983: An interactive Barnes objective map analysis scheme foruse with satellite and conventional data. Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology , 22: 1487–1503.
- Liston, G. E. , 1995: Local advection of momentum, heat, and moisture during melt of patchy snow covers. Journal of Applied Meteorology , 34(7): 1705–1715.
- Liston, G. E. , and Elder, K. , 2006a: A distributed snow evolution modeling system (SnowModel). Journal of Hydrometeorology , 7: 1259–1276.
- Liston, G. E. , and Elder, K. , 2006b: A meteorological distribution system for high resolution terrestrial modeling (MicroMet). Journal of Hydrometeorology. , 7: 217–234.
- Liston, G. E. , and Hall, D. K. , 1995: Energy balance model for lakeice evolution. Journal of Glaciology , 41: 373–382.
- Liston, G. E. , and Sturm, M. , 2002: A snow-transport model for complex terrain. Journal of Glaciology , 44: 498–516.
- McDonald, D. M. , Lamoureux, S. F. , and Warburton, J. , 2010: Assessment of a time-integrated fluvial suspended sediment sampler in a high arctic setting. Geografiska Annaler , 92A(2): 225–235.
- McGrath, D. , Steffen, K. , Overeem, I. , Mernild, S. H. , Hasholt, B. , and van den Broeke, M. , 2010: Sediment plumes as a proxy for local icesheet runoff in Kangerlussuaq Fjord, West Greenland. Journal of Glaciology , 56(199): 813–821.
- Mernild, S. H. , 2006: The internal drainage system of the lower Mittivakkat Glacier, Ammassalik Island, SE Greenland. Danish Journal of Geography , 106(1): 13–24.
- Mernild, S. H. , and Hasholt, B. , 2009: Observed runoff, jokulhlaups and suspended sediment load from the Greenland ice sheet at Kangerlussuaq, West Greenland, 2007 and 2008. Journal of Glaciology , 55(193): 855–858.
- Mernild, S. H. , Hasholt, B. , and Liston, G. E. , 2006: Water flow through Mittivakkat Glacier, Ammassalik Island, SE Greenland. Danish Journal of Geography , 106(1): 25–43.
- Mernild, S. H. , Liston, G. E. , Kane, D. L. , Knudsen, N. T. , and Hasholt, B. , 2008: Snow, runoff and mass balance modeling for the entire Mittivakkat Glacier (1998-2006), Ammassalik Island, SE Greenland. Danish Journal of Geography , 108(1): 121–138.
- Mernild, S. H. , Howat, I. , Ahn, Y. , Liston, G. E. , Steffen, K. , Jakobsen, B. , Hasholt, B. , Fog, B. , and van As, D. , 2010: Freshwater flux to Sermilik Fjord, SE Greenland. The Cryosphere , 4: 453–465.
- Mernild, S. H. , Knudsen, N. , Lipscomb, W. , Yde, J. , Malmros, J. , Hasholt, B. , and Jakobsen, B. , 2011: Increasing mass loss from Greenland's Mittivakkat Gletscher. The Cryosphere , 5: 341–348.
- Pfeffer, W. , Meier, M. , and Illangasekare, T. , 1991: Retention of Greenland runoff by refreezing: implications for projected future sea level change. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96(C12): 22117–22124.
- Röthlisberger, H. , 1972: Water pressure in intra- and subglacial channels. Journal of Glaciology , 11: 177–203.
- Röthlisberger, H. , and Lang, H. , 1987: Glacial hydrology. Glaciofluvial Sediment Transfer , 1: 207–284.
- Schoof, C. , 2010: Ice-sheet acceleration driven by melt supply variability. Nature , 468: 803–806.
- Stenborg, T. , 1970: Delay of run-off from a glacier basin. Geografiska Annaler , 52(A): 1–30.
- Sundal, A. , Shepherd, A. , Nienow, P. , Hanna, E. , Palmer, S. , and Huybrechts, P. , 2011: Melt-induced speed-up of Greenland ice sheet offset by efficient subglacial drainage. Nature , 469: 521–524.