A new species of early Pleistocene Synaptomys (Mammalia, Rodentia) from Florida and its relevance to southern bog lemming origins

LITERATURE CITED

• Albright , L. B. III . 1999 . Biostratigraphy and vertebrate paleontology of the San Timoteo Badlands, southern California . University of California Publications in Geological Sciences , 144 : 1 – 121 .
   Google Scholar
• Barnosky , A. D. 1985 . Late Blancan (Pliocene) microtine rodents from Jackson Hole, Wyoming: biostratigraphy and biogeography . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 5 : 255 – 271 .
   Google Scholar
• Bell , C. J. and Barnosky , A. D. 2000 . The microtine rodents from the Pit locality in Porcupine Cave, Park County, Colorado . Annals of Carnegie Museum , 69 : 93 – 134 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bell , C. J. and Repenning , C. A. 1999 . Observations on dental variation in Microtus from the Cudahy Ash Pit Fauna, Meade County, Kansas and implications for Irvingtonian microtine rodent biochronology . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 19 : 757 – 766 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cassiliano , M. L. 1999 . Biostratigraphy of Blancan and Irvingtonian mammals in the Fish Creek-Vallecito Creek section, southern California, and a review of the Blancan-Irvingtonian boundary . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 19 : 169 – 186 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eshelman , R. E. 1975 . Geology and paleontology of the early Pleistocene (late Blancan) White Rock fauna from north-central Kansas. Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan . Papers on Paleontology , 13 : 1 – 60 .
   Google Scholar
• Fejfar , O. and Repenning , C. A. 1998 . The ancestors of the lemmings (Lemmini, Arvicolinae, Cricetidae, Rodentia) in the early Pleistocene of Wölfersheim near Frankfurt am Main; Germany . Senckenbergiana Lethaea , 77 : 161 – 193 .
   Google Scholar
• Gordon , C. L. 1999 . Morphological variation in the dentition of late Pleistocene meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) from Yarbrough Cave, Bartow County, Georgia . Paludicola , 2 : 207 – 231 .
   Google Scholar
• Guthrie , R. D. and Matthews , J. V. Jr. 1971 . The Cape Deceit fauna—early Pleistocene mammalian assemblage from the Alaskan arctic . Quaternary Research , 1 : 474 – 510 .
   Google Scholar
• Hibbard , C. W. 1954 . A new Synaptomys, an addition to the Borchers Interglacial (Yarmouth?) fauna . Journal of Mammalogy , 35 : 249 – 252 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hibbard , C. W. 1956 . Vertebrate fossils from the Meade Formation of southwestern Kansas . Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters , 41 : 145 – 203 .
   Google Scholar
• Hibbard , C. W. 1963 . A late Illinoian fauna from Kansas and its climatic significance . Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters , 48 : 187 – 221 .
   Google Scholar
• Hibbard , C. W. and Dalquest , W. W. 1966 . Fossils from the Seymour Formation of Knox and Baylor Counties, Texas, and their bearing on the late Kansan climate of that region. Contributions Museum of Paleontology . University of Michigan , 21 : 1 – 66 .
   Google Scholar
• Hibbard , C. W. and Rinker , G. C. 1942 . A new bog lemming (Synaptomys) from Meade County, Kansas . University of Kansas Science Bulletin , 28 : 25 – 35 .
   Google Scholar
• Hulbert , R. C. and Pratt , A. 1998 . New Pleistocene (Rancholabrean) vertebrate faunas from coastal Georgia . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 18 : 412 – 429 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hurt , R. T. and Martin , R. A. 1998 . The Rick Forester and Aries rodent faunas (early Pleistocene), Meade County, Kansas . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 18 ( 3, suppl. ) : 53A
   Google Scholar
• Izett , G. A. and Honey , J. G. 1995 . Geologic map of the Irish Flats NE Quadrangle, Meade County, Kansas. U.S. Geological Survey , Miscellaneous Investigations Series 1 – 2498 . Map
   Google Scholar
• Jones , C. A. , Choate , J. R. and Genoways , H. H. 1984 . “ Phylogeny and paleobiogeography of short-tailed shrews (genus Blarina); ” . In Contributions in Quaternary Vertebrate Paleontology: A Volume in Memorial to John E. Guilday. Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Special Publication No. 8 Edited by: Genoways , H. H. and Dawson , M. R. 56 – 148 . Pittsburgh
   Google Scholar
• Jones , D. S. , Mueller , P. A. , Acosta , T. and Shuster , R. D. 1995 . Strontium isotope stratigraphy and correlation of the Leisey Shell Pit faunas, Hillsborough County, Florida . Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History , 37 : 93 – 106 .
   Google Scholar
• Koenigswald , W. von. 1980 . Schmelzstruktur und morphologie in den molaren der Arvicolidae (Rodentia) . Abhandlungen der Sencken-bergischen Naturforschenden Gesellshaft , 539 : 1 – 129 .
   Google Scholar
• Koenigswald , W. von. and Martin , L. D. 1984a . “ Revision of the fossil and recent Lemminae (Rodentia, Mammalia); ” . In Papers in Paleontology Honoring Robert Warren Wilson. Carnegie Museum Natural History Special Publication 9 Edited by: Mengel , R. M. 122 – 137 . Pittsburgh
   Google Scholar
• Koenigswald , W. von. and Martin , L. D. 1984b . The status of the genus Mimomys (Arvicolidae, Rodentia, Mamm.) in North America . Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Palaöntology Abhandlungen , 168 : 108 – 124 .
   Google Scholar
• Koenigswald , W. von. and Tesakov , A. 1997 . The evolution of the Schmelzmuster in Lagurini (Arvicolinae, Rodentia) . Palaeontographica , 245 : 45 – 61 .
   Google Scholar
• Kowalski , K. 1977 . Fossil lemmings (Mammalia, Rodentia) from the Pliocene and early Pleistocene of Poland . Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia , 22 : 297 – 317 .
   Google Scholar
• Kurtén , B. and Anderson , E. 1980 . Pleistocene Mammals of North America 442 New York : Columbia University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Linzey , A. V. 1983 . Synaptomys cooperi . Mammalian Species , 210 : 1 – 5 .
   Google Scholar
• Lundelius , E. L. , Churcher , C. S. , Downs , T. , Harington , C. R. , Lindsay , E. H. , Schultz , G. E. , Semken , H. A. , Webb , S. D. and Zakrzewski , R. K. 1987 . “ The North American Quaternary sequence; ” . In Cenozoic Mammals of North America Edited by: Woodburne , M. O. 211 – 235 . Berkeley : University of California Press .
   Google Scholar
• MacFadden , B. J. 1995 . Magnetic polarity stratigraphy and correlation of the Leisey Shell Pits, Hillsborough County, Florida . Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History , 37 : 107 – 116 .
   Google Scholar
• Martin , L. D. 1993 . “ Evolution of hypsodonty and enamel structure in Plio-Pleistocene rodents; ” . In Morphological Change in Quaternary Mammals of North America Edited by: Martin , R. A. and Barnosky , A. D. 205 – 225 . New York : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Martin , R. A. 1974 . “ Fossil mammals from the Coleman IIA fauna, Sumter County; ” . In Pleistocene Mammals of Florida Edited by: Webb , S. D. 35 – 99 . Gainesville : University of Florida Press .
   Google Scholar
• Martin , R. A. 1987 . Notes on the classification and evolution of some North American fossil Microtus . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 7 : 270 – 283 .
   Google Scholar
• Martin , R. A. 1989a . Arvicolid rodents of the early Pleistocene Java local fauna from north-central South Dakota . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 9 : 438 – 450 .
   Google Scholar
• Martin , R. A. 1989b . Early Pleistocene zapodid rodents from the Java local fauna of north-central South Dakota . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 9 : 101 – 109 .
   Google Scholar
• Martin , R. A. 1995 . A new middle Pleistocene species of Microtus (Pedomys) from the southern United States, with comments on the taxonomy and early evolution of Pedomys Pitymys in North America . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 15 : 171 – 186 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin , R. A. 1996 . “ Dental evolution and size change in the North American muskrat: classification and tempo of a presumed phyletic sequence; ” . In Palaeoecology and Palaeoenvironments of Late Cenozoic Mammals Edited by: Stewart , K. M. and Seymour , K. L. 431 – 457 . Toronto , , Canada : University of Toronto Press .
   Google Scholar
• Martin , R. A. 2001 . A preliminary list of late Pleistocene mammals from the Peccary Room of Yarbrough Cave, Bartow County, Georgia . Paludicola , 3 : 33 – 39 .
   Google Scholar
• Martin , R. A. , Honey , J. G. and Peláez-Campomanes. , P. 2000 . The Meade Basin rodent project: a progress report . Paludicola , 3 : 1 – 32 .
   Google Scholar
• Martin , R. A. and Prince , R. H. 1990 . Variation and evolutionary trends in the dentition of late Pleistocene Microtus pennsylvanicus from three levels in Bell Cave, Alabama . Historical Biology , 4 : 117 – 129 .
   Google Scholar
• Mead , J. I. , Bell , C. J. and Murray , L. K. 1992 . Mictomys borealis (northern bog lemming) and the Wisconsin paleoecology of the east-central Great Basin . Quaternary Research , 37 : 229 – 238 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Meulen , A. J. 1973 . Middle Pleistocene smaller mammals from the Monte Peglia (Orvieto, Italy), with special reference to the phylogeny of Microtus (Arvicolidae, Rodentia) . Quaternaria , 14 : 1 – 144 .
   Google Scholar
• Mezzabotta , C. , Massini , F. and Torre , D. 1995 . Microtus (Tyrrhenicola) henseli, endemic vole from Pleistocene and Holocene localities of Sardinia and Corsica: evolutionary patterns and biochronological meaning . Bolletino della Società Paleontologica Italiana , 34 : 81 – 104 .
   Google Scholar
• Morgan , G. S. and Hulbert , R. C. 1995 . Overview of the geology and vertebrate biochronology of the Leisey Shell Pit local fauna. Hillsborough County, Florida . Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History , 37 : 1 – 92 .
   Google Scholar
• Mou , Y. 1998 . “ Schmelzmuster of Mimomys panacaensis; ” . In Advances in Vertebrate Paleontology and Geochronology Edited by: Tomida , Y. , Flynn , L. J. and Jacobs , L. L. 79 – 90 . National Science Museum Monograph 14, Tokyo
   Google Scholar
• Olsen , S. J. 1958 . The bog lemming from the Pleistocene of Florida . Journal of Mammalogy , 39 : 537 – 540 .
   Google Scholar
• Paulson , G. R. 1961 . The mammals of the Cudahy fauna . Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters , 46 : 127 – 153 .
   Google Scholar
• Portell , R. W. , Schindler , K. S. and Morgan , G. S. 1992 . “ The Pleistocene molluscan fauna from Leisey Shell Pit 1, Hillsborough County, Florida; ” . In The Plio-Pleistocene Stratigraphy and Paleontology of Southern Florida. Florida Geological Survey, Special Publication 36 Edited by: Scott , T. M. and Allmon , W. D. 181 – 194 .
   Google Scholar
• Rabeder , G. 1981 . Die arvicoliden (Rodentia, Mammalia) aus dem Pliozän und dem älteren Pleistozän von Niederösterreich . Beiträge zur Paläontologie von Österreich , 8 : 1 – 343 .
   Google Scholar
• Ray , C. E. 1967 . Pleistocene mammals from Ladds, Bartow County, Georgia . Bulletin of the Georgia Academy of Science , 25 : 120 – 150 .
   Google Scholar
• Repenning , C. A. 1968 . Mandibular musculature and the origin of the subfamily Arvicolinae (Rodentia) . Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia , 13 : 30 – 72 .
   Google Scholar
• Repenning , C. A. , Brouwers , E. M. , Carter , L. D. , Marincovich , L. Jr. and Ager , T. A. 1987 . The Beringian ancestry of Phenacomys (Rodentia: Cricetidae) and the beginning of the modern Arctic Ocean borderland biota. U.S . Geological Survey Bulletin , 1687 : 1 – 31 .
   Google Scholar
• Repenning , C. A. and Grady , F. 1988 . The microtine rodents of the Cheetah Room fauna, Hamilton Cave, West Virginia, and the spontaneous origin of Synaptomys. U.S . Geological Survey Bulletin , 1853 : 1 – 32 .
   Google Scholar
• Repenning , C. A. , Weasma , T. R. and Scott , G. R. 1995 . The early Pleistocene (latest Blancan-earliest Irvingtonian) Froman Ferry fauna and history of the Glenns Ferry Formation, southwestern Idaho. U.S . Geological Survey Bulletin , 2105 : 1 – 86 .
   Google Scholar
• Rogers , K. L. , Repenning , C. A. , Forester , R. M. , Larson , E. E. , Hall , S. A. , Smith , G. R. , Anderson , E. and Brown , T. J. 1985 . Middle Pleistocene (late Irvingtonian: Nebraskan) climatic changes in south-central Colorado . National Geographic Research , 1 : 535 – 563 .
   Google Scholar
• Schwartz , C. W. and Schwartz , E. R. 1981 . The Wild Mammals of Missouri 356 Columbia : University of Missouri Press .
   Google Scholar
• Semken , H. A. Jr. 1988 . “ Environmental interpretations of the “disharmonious” late Wisconsinan biome of southeastern North America; ” . In Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene Paleoecology and Archeology of the Eastern Great Lakes Region. Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences 33 Edited by: Laub , R. S. , Miller , N. G. and Steadman , D. W. 185 – 194 .
   Google Scholar
• Simpson , G. G. 1928 . Pleistocene mammals from a cave in Citrus County, Florida . American Museum Novitates , 328 : 1 – 15 .
   Google Scholar
• Suchov , V. P. 1976 . “ Remains of lemmings in the Bashkirian Pliocene deposits; ” . In Rodent Evolution and History of the Recent Fauna. Proceedings Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 66 Edited by: Gromov , I. M. 117 – 121 .
   Google Scholar
• Tomida , Y. 1987 . Small mammal fossils and correlation of continental deposits, Safford and Duncan basins, Arizona, USA 141 Tokyo : National Science Museum .
   Google Scholar
• Webb , S. D. and Wilkins , K. T. 1984 . “ Historical biogeography of Florida Pleistocene mammals; ” . In Contributions in Quaternary Vertebrate Paleontology: A Volume in Memorial to John E. Guilday. Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Special Publication 8 Edited by: Genoways , H. H. and Dawson , M. R. 370 – 383 . Pittsburgh
   Google Scholar
• Weerd , A. van de. 1979 . Early Ruscinian rodents and lagomorphs (Mammalia) from the lignites near Ptolemais (Macedonia, Greece) . Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen. Series B , 82 : 127 – 170 .
   Google Scholar
• Wilson , R. W. 1933 . A rodent fauna from later Cenozoic beds of southwestern Idaho . Carnegie Institute of Washington Publication , 440 : 117 – 135 .
   Google Scholar
• Winkler , A. J. and Grady , F. 1990 . The middle Pleistocene rodent Atopomys (Cricetidae: Arvicolinae) from the eastern and south-central United States . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , 10 : 484 – 490 .
   Google Scholar
• Zakrzewski , R. J. 1972 . Fossil microtines from late Cenozoic deposits in the Anza-Borrego Desert, California, with the description of a new subgenus of Synaptomys. Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum . Los Angeles County , 221 : 1 – 12 .
   Google Scholar