References
- TruongDDresslerDHallettMManual of Botulinum Toxin TherapyCambridge, UKCambridge University Press2009
- BhidayasiriRTruongDDEvidence for effectiveness of botulinum toxin for hyperhidrosisJ Neural Transm200811564164517885725
- Smith complexing protein. Botulinum toxin in the treatment of OAB, BPH and ICToxicon20095463964619268490
- FagienSCarruthersJDA comprehensive review of patient-reported satisfaction with botulinum toxin type A for aesthetic proceduresPlast Reconstr Surg20081221915192519050545
- InoueKFujinagaYWatanabeTMolecular composition of Clostridium botulinum type A progenitor toxinsInfect Immun199664158915948613365
- SharmaSKSinghBRImmunological properties of Hn-33 purified from type A Clostridium botulinumJ Nat Toxins2000935736211126514
- JostWHBlümelJGrafeSBotulinum neurotoxin type A free of complexing proteins (XEOMIN) in focal dystoniaDrugs20076766968317385940
- DresslerDEquivalent potency of Xeomin® and Botox®Mov Disord200823Suppl2021
- BeneckeRJostWHKanovskyPA new botulinum toxin type A free of complexing proteins for treatment of cervical dystoniaNeurology2005641949195115955951
- RoggenkamperPJostWHBihariKEfficacy and safety of a new botulinum toxin type A free of complexing proteins in the treatment of blepharospasmJ Neural Transm200611330331215959841
- AokiKRRanouxDWisselJUsing translational medicine to understand clinical differences between botulinum toxin formulationsEur J Neurol200613Suppl 4101917112345
- LeeJCYokotaKArimitsuHProduction of anti-neurotoxin antibody is enhanced by two subcomponents, HA1 and HA3b, of Clostridium botulinum type B 16S toxin-haemagglutininMicrobiology20051513739374716272395
- HasegawaKWatanabeTSuzukiTA novel subunit structure of Clostridium botulinum serotype D toxin complex with three extended armsJ Biol Chem2007282247772478317581814
- FujinagaYTransport of bacterial toxins into target cells: Pathways followed by cholera toxin and botulinum progenitor toxinJ Biochem200614015516016954533
- HauserDEklundMWBoquetPOrganization of the botulinum neurotoxin C1 gene and its associated non-toxic protein genes in Clostridium botulinum C 468Mol Gen Genet19942436316408028579
- MintonNPMolecular genetics of clostridial neurotoxinsCurr Top Microbiol Immunol19951951611948542753
- LietzowMAGielowETLeDSubunit stoichiometry of the Clostridium botulinum type A neurotoxin complex determined using denaturing capillary electrophoresisProtein J20082742042519020965
- OhishiISugiiSSakaguchiGOral toxicities of Clostridium botulinum toxins in response to molecular sizeInfect Immun197716107109326664
- ChenFKuziemkoGMStevensRCBiophysical characterization of the stability of the 150-kilodalton botulinum toxin, the nontoxic component, and the 900-kilodalton botulinum toxin complex speciesInfect Immun199866242024259596697
- JohnsonEABradshawMClostridium botulinum and its neurotoxins: A metabolic and cellular perspectiveToxicon2001391703172211595633
- De AlmeidaATde BoulleKDiffusion characteristics of botulinum neurotoxin products and their clinical significance in cosmetic applicationsJ Cosmet Laser Ther20079Suppl 1172217885882
- PickettADoddSRzanyBConfusion about diffusion and the art of misinterpreting data when comparing different botulinum toxins used in aesthetic applicationsJ Cosmet Laser Ther20081018118318608706
- Tang-LiuDDAokiKRDollyJOIntramuscular injection of 125I-botulinum neurotoxin-complex versus 125I-botulinum-free neurotoxin: Time course of tissue distributionToxicon20034246146914529727
- JinYTakegaharaYSugawaraYDisruption of the epithelial barrier by botulinum haemagglutinin (HA) proteins – differences in cell tropism and the mechanism of action between HA proteins of types A or B and HA proteins of type CMicrobiology2009155354519118344
- BlümelJNT 201 – a new botulinum neurotoxin A. A preparation free of complexing proteins demonstrating the safety and benefit of decreased total clostridial protein burdenJ Parkinsonism Relat Disord200511Suppl 2267
- EiseleKHTaylorHDissociation of the 900 kDa neurotoxin complex from C. Botulinum under physiological conditionsToxicon2008511018045635
- EiseleKHGreinSManderGJRole of complexing proteins in pharmaceutical botulinum neurotoxin formulationsPresented at International Master Course on Aging SkinParis, France2009 Jan 8–11
- PickettADiffusion of type A botulinum toxin in vivo is not related to the size of the toxin complexPresented at International Master Course on Aging SkinParis, France2009 Jan: 8–11
- BrinMFDosing, administration, and a treatment algorithm for use of botulinum toxin A for adult-onset spasticity. Spasticity Study GroupMuscle Nerve Suppl19976S208S2209826992
- DresslerDRoutine use of Xeomin® in patients previously treated with Botox®: Long term resultsEur J Neurol200916Suppl 22520002739
- DoddSLRowellBAVrabasISA comparison of the spread of three formulations of botulinum neurotoxin A as determined by effects on muscle functionEur J Neurol1998518118610210830
- HexselDDal’FornoTHexselCA randomized pilot study comparing the action halos of two commercial preparations of botulinum toxin type ADermatol Surg200834525918053050
- KarsaiSAdrianRHammesSA randomized double-blind study of the effect of Botox and Dysport/Reloxin on forehead wrinkles and electromyographic activityArch Dermatol20071431447144918025375
- Trindade de AlmeidaARMarquesEde AlmeidaJPilot study comparing the diffusion of two formulations of botulinum toxin type A in patients with forehead hyperhidrosisDermatol Surg200733Suppl3743
- JostWHKohlABrinkmannSEfficacy and tolerability of a botulinum toxin type A free of complexing proteins (NT 201) compared with commercially available botulinum toxin type A (Botox®) in healthy volunteersJ Neural Transm200511290591315526142
- WohlfarthKMullerCSassinINeurophysiological double-blind trial of a botulinum neurotoxin type a free of complexing proteinsClin Neuropharmacol200730869417414940
- CarliLMontecuccoCRossettoOAssay of diffusion of different botulinum neurotoxin type A formulations injected in the mouse legMuscle Nerve20094037438019618426
- GreinSManderGJTaylorHVXeomin® is stable without refrigeration: Complexing proteins are not required for stability of botulinum toxin type A preparationsToxicon20085113 Abstr 36.
- Botox®. Summary of product characteristicsIrvine, CAAllergan Inc2010
- Dysport®. Summary of product characteristicsSlough, UKIpsen Ltd2009
- AtassiMZOn the enhancement of anti-neurotoxin antibody production by subcomponents HA1 and HA3b of Clostridium botulinum type B 16S toxin-haemagglutininMicrobiology2006152Pt 71891189516804163
- DresslerDNew formulation of Botox. Complete antibody-induced therapy failure in hemifacial spasmJ Neurol200425136015015023
- DresslerDAdib SaberiFNew formulation of Botox: Complete antibody induced treatment failure in cervical dystoniaJ Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry20077810810917172580
- Schulte-BauklohHBigalkeHMillerKBotulinum neurotoxin type A in urology: Antibodies as a cause of therapy failureInt J Urol20081540741518452456
- YablonSABrashearAGordonMFFormation of neutralizing antibodies in patients receiving botulinum toxin type A for treatment of poststroke spasticity: A pooled-data analysis of three clinical trialsClin Ther20072968369017617291
- YablonSThe development of toxin-neutralizing antibodies with botulinum toxin type A (botulinum toxin type A) treatmentNeurotox Res20069238
- BrinMFComellaCLJankovicJLong-term treatment with botulinum toxin type A in cervical dystonia has low immunogenicity by mouse protection assayMov Disord2008231353136018546321
- MullerKMixEAdib SaberiFPrevalence of neutralising antibodies in patients treated with botulinum toxin type A for spasticityJ Neural Transm200911657958519352590
- DresslerDPharmacological aspects of therapeutic botulinum toxin preparationsNervenarzt200677912921 German.16810528
- JankovicJVuongKDAhsanJComparison of efficacy and immunogenicity of original versus current botulinum toxin in cervical dystoniaNeurology2003601186118812682332
- GoschelHWohlfarthKFrevertJBotulinum A toxin therapy: Neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibodies – therapeutic consequencesExp Neurology199714796102
- EiseleKHTaylorHVBlümelJImmunogenicity of NT201 (Xeomin®) in Cynomolgus monkeys following high-dose injectionsMov Disord200823Suppl 1S15
- BlümelJFrevertJSchwaierAComparative antigenicity of three preparations on botulinum neurotoxin A in the rabbitNeurotox Res20069238
- KanovskyPPlatzTComesGGrafeSSassinINT 201, botulinum neurotoxin free from complexing proteins (Xeomin®) provided sustained efficacy and was safe in spasticity: 89 weeks long-term dataJ Neurol Sci2009285S75S76
- Xeomin®: Summary of Product CharacteristicsGreensboro, NCMerz Pharmaceuticals2010