Prevalence and Classification of Misdiagnosis Among Hospitalised Patients in Five General Hospitals of Central Uganda

References

• Zwaan L, Maude J, Lyratzopoulos G, ten Berg M. Diagnostic Error in Medicine 1st European Conference June 30–July 1, 2016. Diagnosis. 2016;3(2):eA1–eA36. doi:10.1515/dx-2016-0015
   Google Scholar
• Graber ML, Wachter R, Cassel CK. Bringing diagnosis into the quality and safety equations. JAMA. 2012;308(12):1211–1212. doi:10.1001/2012.jama.11913
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graber M. Diagnostic error: learning resource for clinicians; 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Chatterjee S, Ray K, Das AK. Gap analysis between provisional diagnosis and final diagnosis in government and private teaching hospitals: a record linked comparative study. J Fam Med Prim Care. 2016;5:637–640. doi:10.4103/2249-4863.197318
   Google Scholar
• Khullar D, Jha AK, Jena AB. Reducing diagnostic errors-why now? HHS public access. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(26):2491–2493. doi:10.1056/NEJMp1508044.Reducing
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Diagnostic errors: technical series on safer primary care; 2016. Available from: http://apps.who.int/iris. Accessed September 2, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Singh H, Schiff GD, Graber ML, Onakpoya I, Thompson MJ. The global burden of diagnostic errors in primary care. BMJ Qual Saf. 2016;1–11. doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2016-005401
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schiff GD, Hasan O, Kim S, et al. Diagnostic error in medicine. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(20):45.
   Google Scholar
• Singh H, Schiff GD, Graber ML, Onakpoya I, Thompson MJ. The global burden of diagnostic errors in primary care. BMJ Qual Saf. 2017;26(6):484–494. doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2016-005401
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh H, Meyer AND, Thomas EJ. The frequency of diagnostic errors in outpatient care: estimations from three large observational studies involving US adult populations. BMJ Qual Saf. 2014;23(9):727–731. doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2013-002627
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wachter RM. Diagnostic errors: central to patient safety, yet still in the periphery of safety’s radar screen1). Diagnosis. 2014;1(1):19–21. doi:10.1515/dx-2013-0035
   Google Scholar
• Upadhyay DK, Sittig DF, Quality H, Singh H, Debakey ME, Affairs V. Ebola US Patient Zero: lessons on misdiagnosis and effective use of electronic health records. Diagnosis. 2015;1(4):1–7. doi:10.1515/dx-2014-0064.Ebola
   Google Scholar
• Berenson RA, Upadhyay DK, Kaye DR. Placing diagnosis errors on the policy agenda. J Gen Int Med. 2014. doi:10.1007/s11606-014-2848-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weintraub R, Valtis YK, Bonis P. An online medical database is reducing diagnostic errors; 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Wilson RM, Michel P, Olsen S, et al. Patient safety in developing countries: retrospective estimation of scale and nature of harm to patients. BMJ. 2012;832:e832. doi:10.1136/bmj.e832
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ministry of Health. Health Systems 20/20 and MUS of PH. Uganda Health System Assessment 2011; 2012.
   Google Scholar
• NAM. Improving Diagnosis in Health Care. Balogh EP, Miller BT, Ball JR, editors. The National Academies Press; 2015. doi:10.17226/21794
   Google Scholar
• Katongole SP, Akweongo P, Anguyo RD, Kasozi DE, Afari AA. Factors associated with misdiagnosis of Hospitalized patients in general hospitals of Central Uganda. PLOS ONE. 2022; In Press
   Google Scholar
• Mukasa N. Uganda Healthcare system profile: background, organization, policies and challenges. J Sustain Reg Heal Syst. 2012;1(1):2–10.
   Google Scholar
• Katongole, SP. Strengthening health systems for quality health care: A study of misdiagnosis among hospitalised patients in general hospitals in Uganda. 2022. The University of Ghana
   Google Scholar
• The Republic of Uganda. The ministry of health health management information system manual; 2010:1–394.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. ICD-11 implementation or transition guide; 2019. Available from: https://icd.who.int/docs/ICD-11ImplementationorTransitionGuide_v105.pdf. Accessed September 2, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Britz G, Emerling D, Hare L, Hoerl R, Shade J. How to teach others to apply statistical thinking. Qual Prog. 1997;30(6):67–80.
   Google Scholar
• Taylor JR. The handbook of quality and service improvement tools; 2010. Available from: www.institude.nhs.uk/qualitytools. Accessed September 2, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Graber ML. The incidence of diagnostic error in medicine. BMJ Qual Saf. 2013;22:21–27. doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2012-001615
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aoki T, Watanuki S. Multimorbidity and patient-reported diagnostic errors in the primary care setting: multicentre cross- sectional study in Japan. BMJ Open. 2020;10(8):e039040. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039040
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The Republic of Uganda. The Uganda hospital and health centre IV census survey; 2014. Available from: https://www.who.int/healthinfo/systems/SARA_H_UGA_Results_2014.pdf?ua=1. Accessed September 2, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Newman-toker DE, Wang Z, Zhu Y, et al. Rate of diagnostic errors and serious misdiagnosis-related harms for major vascular events, infections, and cancers: toward a national incidence estimate using the “Big Three”. Diagnosis. 2021;8(1):67–84. doi:10.1515/dx-2019-0104
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martins T, Merriel SWD, Hamilton W. Routes to diagnosis of symptomatic cancer in sub-Saharan Africa: systematic review. BMJ Open. 2020;10(11):e038605. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038605
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuyun MF, Sliwa K, Kengne AP, Mocumbi AO, Bukhman G. Cardiovascular diseases in sub-saharan Africa compared to high-income countries: an epidemiological perspective. Glob Heart. 2020;15(1). doi:10.5334/GH.403
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marquez PV, Farrington JL. The challenge of non-communicable diseases and road traffic injuries in Sub-Saharan Africa. An Overview. 2013. Available from: https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/16451.
   Google Scholar
• Katende D, Mutungi G, Baisley K, et al. Readiness of Ugandan health services for the management of outpatients with chronic diseases. Trop Med Int Heal. 2015;20(10):1385–1395. doi:10.1111/tmi.12560
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etyang AO, Scott JAG. Medical causes of admissions to hospital among adults in Africa: a systematic review and 2003. Glob Health Action. 2013;6(1):19090. doi:10.3402/gha.v6i0.19090
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baynam GS, Groft S, Westhuizen FH. A call for global action for rare diseases in Africa. Nat Genet. 2020;52(1):21–26. doi:10.1038/s41588-019-0552-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong D, Yat R, Chung N, Chan RHW, Gong S, Xu RH. Why is misdiagnosis more likely among some people with rare diseases than others? Insights from a population based cross sectional study in China. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2020;15(1):1–12. doi:10.1186/s13023-020-01587-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nunn R. “It’ s not all in my head !” - The complex relationship between rare diseases and mental health problems. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2017;12(1):1–3. doi:10.1186/s13023-017-0591-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar