326
Views
13
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Research

A novel method for evaluating sun visible light protection factor and pigmentation protection factor of sunscreens

, , , &
Pages 605-616 | Published online: 28 Aug 2019

References

  • Schalka S, Steiner D, FN R, et al. Brazilian consensus on photoprotection. An Bras Dermatol. 2014;89(6suppl 1):1–74. doi:10.1590/abd1806-4841.2014397125761256
  • Mahmoud BH, Hexsel CL, Hamzavi IL, Lim HW. Effects of visible light on the skin. Photochem Photobiol. 2008;84:450–462. doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00286.x18248499
  • Liebel F, Kaur S, Ruvolo E, Kollias N, Southall MD. Irradiation of skin with visible light induces reactive oxygen species and matrix-degrading enzymes. J Invest Dermatol. 2012;132(7):1901–1907. doi:10.1038/jid.2011.47622318388
  • Botto NC, Warshaw EM. Solar urticaria. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2008;59(6):909–920. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2008.08.02019022098
  • Hawk JL. Chronic actinic dermatitis. The British Photodermatology Group. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2004;20(6):312–314. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0781.2004.00129.x15533239
  • Murphy GM. The cutaneous porphyrias: a review. Br J Dermatol. 1999;140(4):573–581. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2133.1999.02754.x10233305
  • Kollias N, Baqer A. An experimental study of the changes in pigmentation in human skin in vivo with visible and near infrared light. Photochem Photobiol. 1984;39(5):651–659.6739557
  • Ramasubramaniam R, Roy A, Sharma B, Nagalakshmi S. Are there mechanistic differences between ultraviolet and visible radiation induced skin pigmentation?. Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2011;10:1887–1893. doi:10.1039/c1pp05202k21993454
  • Mahmoud BH, Ruvolo E, Hexsel CL, et al. Impact of long-wavelength UVA and visible light on melanocompetent skin. J Invest Dermatol. 2010;130(8):2092–2097. doi:10.1038/jid.2010.9520410914
  • Randhawa M, Seo I, Liebel F, Southall MD, Kollias N, Ruvolo E. Visible light induces melanogenesis in human skin through a photoadaptive response. PLoS One. 2015. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0130949
  • Pathak MA, Riley FC, Fitzpatrick TB. Melanogenesis in human skin following exposure to long-wave ultraviolet and visible light. J Invest Dermatol. 1962;39:435–443. doi:10.1038/jid.1962.13613941837
  • Duteil L, Cardot-Leccia N, Queille-Roussel C, et al. Differences in visible light-induced pigmentation according to wavelengths: a clinical and histological study in comparison with UVB exposure. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2014;27(5):822–826. doi:10.1111/pcmr.1227324888214
  • Porges SB, Kaidbey KH, Grove GL. Quantification of visible light-induced melanogenesis in human skin. Photodermatol. 1988;5(5):197–200.3222167
  • Rosen CF, Jacques SL, Stuart ME, Gange RW. Immediate pigment darkening visual and reflectance spectrophotometric analysis of action spectrum. Photochem Photobiol. 1990;51(5):583–588.2367556
  • Kohli I, Chaowattanapanit S, Mohammad TF, et al. Synergistic effects of long-wavelength ultraviolet A1 and visible light on pigmentation and erythema. Br J Dermatol. 2018;178(5):1173–1180. doi:10.1111/bjd.1594028877342
  • Boukari F, Jourdan E, Fontas E, et al. Prevention of melasma relapses with sunscreen combining protection against UV and short wavelengths of visible light: a prospective randomized comparative trial. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2015;72(1):189–90.e1. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2014.08.02325443629
  • Martini APM, Maia Campos PMBG. Influence of visible light on cutaneous hyperchromias: clinical efficacy of broad-spectrum sunscreens. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2018;34(4):241–248. doi:10.1111/phpp.1237729381828
  • Castanedo-Cazares JP, Hernandez-Blanco D, Carlos-Ortega B, Fuentes-Ahumada C, Torres-Alvarez B. Near-visible light and UV photoprotection in the treatment of melasma: a double-blind randomized trial. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2014;30(1):35–42. doi:10.1111/phpp.1208624313385
  • Schalka S, Addor FAS, Agelune CM, Pereira VMC. Sunscreen protection against visible light: a new proposal for evaluation. Surg Cosmet Dermatol. 2012;3(4):45–52.
  • Osterwalder U, Sohn M, Herzog B. Global state of sunscreens. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2014;30(2–3):62–80.24734281
  • Diffey BL, Faar PM. Sunscreeen protection against UVB, UVA and blue light: an in vivo and in vitro comparision. Br J Dermatol. 1991;124:258–263. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb00570.x1805808
  • Kaye ET, Levin JA, Blank IH, Arndt KA, Anderson RR. Efficiency of opaque photoprotective agents in the visible light range. Arch Dermatol. 1991;127:351–355.1998365
  • Schalka S. New data on hyperpigmentation disorders. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2017;31 Suppl 5:18–21. doi:10.1111/jdv.1441128805937
  • Ruvolo E, Fair M, Hutson A, Liebel F. Photoprotection against visible light-induced pigmentation. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2018;40(6):589–595. doi:10.1111/ics.1250230428143
  • Sayre RM, Agin PP, LeVee GJ, Marlowe E. A comparison of in vivo and in vitro testing of sunscreening formulas. Photochem Photobiol. 1979;29(3):559–566.441130
  • International Standards Organization, Cosmetics -Sun protection test methods- Determination of sunscreen UVA photoprotection in vitro. ISO 24443; 2012. doi:10.1094/PDIS-11-11-0999-PDN
  • Ricchazzi P, Yang SR, Gautier C, Sowle D. SBDART: A research and teaching software tool for Plane-parallell radiative transfer in the earth’s atmosphere. Bull Am Meteorol Soc. 1998;79(10):2101–2114. doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1998)079<2101:SARATS>2.0.CO;2