An innovative approach to the topical treatment of acne

References

• The Gale GroupGale Encyclopedia of Medicine3rd edMichiganThe Gale Group2011
   Google Scholar
• AdityanBKumariRThappaDMScoring systems in acne vulgarisIndian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol200975332332619439902
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PochiPEShalitaARStraussJSReport of the consensus conference on acne classificationJ Am Acad Dermatol19912434955001829466
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• StotlandMShalitaARKisslingRFDapsone 5% gel: a review of its efficacy and safety in the treatment of acne vulgarisAm J Clin Dermatol200910422122719489655
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BorelliCMerkKSchallerMIn vivo porphyrin production by P. acnes in untreated acne patients and its modulation by acne treatmentActa Derm Venereol200686431631916874416
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WilliamsHCDellavalleRPGarnerSAcne vulgarisLancet2012379981336137221880356
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CordainLLindebergSHurtadoMHillKEaton Bbrand-MillerJAcne vulgaris: a disease of western civilizationArch Dermatol20021381584159012472346
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CunliffeWJGouldDJPrevalence of facial acne vulgaris in late adolescence and in adultsBr Med J1979111091110156054
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KubbaRBajajAKThappaDMEpidemiology of acneIndian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol20097573
   Google Scholar
• RademakerMGariochJJSimpsonNBAcne in schoolchildren: no longer a concern for dermatologistsBMJ19892986682121712192526674
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KilkennyMMerlinKPlunkettAMarksRThe prevalence of common skin conditions in Australian school children, III: Acne vulgarisBr J Dermatol199813958408459892951
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LelloJPearlAArrollBYallopJBirchallNMPrevalence of acne vulgaris in Auckland senior high school studentsN Z Med J199510810042872897637936
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FeldmanSCarecciaREBarhamKLHancoxJDiagnosis and treatment of acneAm Fam Physician20046992123213015152959
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AndrewFALambAConcomitant therapy for acne in patients with skin of color: a case-based approachDermatol Nurs2009211
   Google Scholar
• ThiboutotDGollnickHBettoliVGlobal Alliance to Improve Outcomes in AcneGlobal alliance to improve outcomes in acne. New insights into the management of acne: an update from the Global Alliance to Improve Outcomes in Acne groupJ Am Acad Dermatol2009605 SupplS1S5019376456
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ToyodaMMorohashiMPathogenesis of acneMed Electron Microsc2001341294011479771
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• TsaiMCChenWChengYWWangCYChenGYHsuTJHigher body mass index is a significant risk factor for acne formation in schoolchildrenEur J Dermatol200616325125316709487
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HalvorsenJAVleugelsRABjertnessELienLA population-based study of acne and body mass index in adolescentsArch Dermatol2012148113113222250253
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ZaengleinALThiboutotDMAcne vulgarisBologniaJLJorizzoJLRapiniRPDermatologyNew YorkMosby2003533534
   Google Scholar
• ClubdermawebSecondary Acne. Dermatology Practical Sheets2011 Available from: http://assets.clubdermaweb.com/mediastore/practical-sheets/2/b/581054be.pdfAccessed September 17, 2014
   Google Scholar
• SinghSMannBKTiwaryNKAcne cosmetica revisited: a case-control study shows a dose-dependent inverse association between overall cosmetic use and post-adolescent acneDermatology2013226433734123859829
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WellDAcne vulgaris: a review of causes and treatment optionsNurse Pract20133810223124048347
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SelwayJCase review in adolescent acne: multifactorial considerations to optimizing managementDermatol Nurs2010221
   Google Scholar
• GancevicieneRBöhmMFimmelSZouboulisCCThe role of neuropeptides in the multifactorial pathogenesis of acne vulgarisDermatoendocrinology200913170176
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SparavignaASetaroMSormaniSBergamaschiMDermatological and instrumental evaluation of the activity of a new dermocosmetic product adjuvant in the treatment of acneGiornale Italiano di Dermatologia e Venereologia20061415439448
   Google Scholar
• Mayo ClinicOver-the-Counter Acne Products: What Works and Why2012 Available from: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/acne/in-depth/acne-products/art-20045814Accessed September 17, 2014
   Google Scholar
• Ramos-e-SilvaMCarneiroSCAcne vulgaris: review and guidelinesDermatol Nurs20092126368 [quiz 69]19507372
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• CrettazMBaronASiegenthalerGHunzikerWLigand specificities of recombinant retinoic acid receptors RAR alpha and RAR betaBiochem J199027223913972176462
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isotretinoin (marketed as Accutane) Capsule InformationUnited States Food and Drug Administration2010 Available from: http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/PostmarketDrugSafetyInformationforPatientsandProviders/ucm094305.htmAccessed September 17, 2014
   Google Scholar
• LowensteinEJIsotretinoin made SMART and simpleCutis200270211512012234158
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RosenmeierGJTorokHMiPLEDGE and its implementation in Dermatology practicesCos Dermatol201368
   Google Scholar
• EadyAECoveJHLaytonAMIs antibiotic resistance in cutaneous propionibacteria clinically relevant? Implications of resistance for acne patients and prescribersAm J Clin Dermatol200341281383114640775
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SimonartTDramaixMTreatment of acne with topical antibiotics: lessons from clinical studiesBr J Dermatol2005153239540316086756
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GollnickHCunliffeWBersonDGlobal Alliance to Improve Outcomes in AcneManagement of acne: a report from a global alliance to improve outcomes in acneJ Am Acad Dermatol2003491 SupplS1S3712833004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ArowojoluAOGalloMFLopezLMGrimesDAGarnerSECombined oral contraceptive pills for treatment of acneCochrane Database Syst Rev20093CD00442519588355
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Food and Drug Administration, HHSClassification of benzoyl peroxide as safe and effective and revision of labelling to drug facts format; topical acne drug products for over-the-counter human use; final ruleFed Regist2010759767977720383916
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• BojarRACunliffeWJHollandKTThe short-term treatment of acne vulgaris with benzyl peroxide: effects on the surface and follicular cutaneous microfloraBr J Dermatol199513222042087888356
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HaiderAShawJCTreatment of acne vulgarisJAMA2004292672673515304471
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GoldsteinJAPochiPEFailure of benzoyl peroxide to decrease sebaceous gland secretion in acneDermatologica198116242872916455315
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• LyonsREComparative effectiveness of benzoyl peroxide and tretinoin in acne vulgarisInt J Dermatol1978173246251148436
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HughesBRNorrisJFCunliffeWJA double-blind evaluation of topical isotretinoin 0.05%, benzoyl peroxide gel 5% and placebo in patients with acneClin Exp Dermatol19921731651681451291
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OzolinsMEadyEAAveryAJComparison of five antimicrobial regimens for treatment of mild to moderate inflammatory facial acne vulgaris in the community: randomized controlled trialLancet200436494522188219515610805
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SeidlerEMKimballABMeta-analysis comparing efficacy of benzoyl peroxide, clindamycin, benzoyl peroxide with salicylic acid, and combination benzoyl peroxide/clindamycin in acneJ Am Acad Dermatol2010631526220488582
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HandojoIRetinoic acid cream (Airol cream) and benzoyl-peroxide in the treatment of acne vulgarisSoutheast Asian J Trop Med Public Health1979104548551161417
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Benzac® ACPrescribing InformationGalderma Laboratories, L.PTexas, USA2004 Available from: http://www.galdermausa.com/PI/BenzacACPI.pdfAccessed September 17, 2014
   Google Scholar
• FakhouriTYentzerBAFeldmanSRAdvancement in benzoyl peroxide-based acne treatment: methods to increase both efficacy and tolerabilityJ Drugs Dermatol20098765766119588642
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• StraussJSKrowchukDPLeydenJJAmerican Academy of Dermatology/American Academy of Dermatology AssociationGuidelines of care for acne vulgaris managementJ Am Acad Dermatol200756465166317276540
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FarrarMDInghamEAcne: inflammationClin Dermatol200422538038415556722
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LehmannHPAndrewsJSRobinsonKAHollowayVLGoodmanSNManagement of AcneUS Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Evidence Report/Technology2001 [Assessment Number 17]
   Google Scholar
• SchmidMHKortingHCThe concept of the acid mantle of the skin: its relevance for the choice of skin cleansersDermatology199519142762808573921
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KortingHCHübnerKGreinerKHammGBraun-FalcoODifferences in the skin surface pH and bacterial microflora due to the long-term application of synthetic detergent preparations of pH 5.5 and pH 7.0. Results of a crossover trial in healthy volunteersActa Derm Venereol19907054294311980979
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MauroTHolleranWMGraysonSBarrier recovery is impeded at neutral pH, independent of ionic effects: implications for extracellular lipid processingArch Dermatol Res19982904215222 [Erratum in: Arch Dermatol Res. 1998;290(7):405]9617442
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KortingHCKerscherMSchäfer-KortingMBerchtenbreiterUInfluence of topical erythromycin preparations for acne vulgaris on skin surface pHClin Investig1993718644648
   Google Scholar
• European Commission, Cosmetics – CosIngPPG-12/SMDI Copolymer2014 Available from: http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.details&id=79844Accessed September 17, 2014
   Google Scholar
• LuckyAWCullenSIFunicellaTJarrattMTJonesTReddickMEDouble-blind, vehicle-controlled, multicenter comparison of two 0.025% tretinoin creams in patients with acne vulgarisJ Am Acad Dermatol1998384S24S309555823
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LuckyAWCullenSIJarrattMTQuigleyJWComparative efficacy and safety of two 0.025% tretinoin gels: results from a multicenter double-blind, parallel studyJ Am Acad Dermatol1998384S17S239555822
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MillsOHJrBergerRSIrritation potential of a new topical tretinoin formulation and a commercially-available tretinoin formulation as measured by patch testing in human subjectsJ Am Acad Dermatol1998384S11S169555821
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RheinLChaudhuriBJivaniNFaresHDavisATargeted delivery of salicylic acid from acne treatment products into and through skin: role of solution and ingredient properties and relationships to irritationJ Cosmet Sci2004551658015037921
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• QuigleyJWBucksDAReduced skin irritation with tretinoin containing polyolprepolymer-2, a new topical tretinoin delivery system: a summary of preclinical and clinical investigationsJ Am Acad Dermatol1998384S5S109555820
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SkovMJQuigleyJWBucksDATopical delivery system for tretinoin: research and clinical implicationsJ Pharm Sci19978610113811439344171
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Del RossoJQThe role of the vehicle in combination acne therapyCutis2005762 SupplS15S18
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OrentreichNDurrNPThe natural evolution of comedones into inflammatory papules and pustulesJ Invest Dermatol197462316320
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KortingHCLukacsAVogtNUrbanJEhretWRuckdeschelGInfluence of the pH-value on the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes in continuous cultureZentralbl Hyg Umweltmed1992193178901503605
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KortingHCBraun-FalcoOThe effect of detergents on skin pH and its consequencesClin Dermatol199614123278901395
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GreenmanJHollandKTCunliffeWJEffects of pH on biomass, maximum specific growth rate and extracellular enzyme production by three species of cutaneous propionibacteria grown in continuous cultureJ Gen Microbiol19831295130113076311940
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KortingHCBauABaldaufPpH-Abhängigkeit des Wachstumsverhaltens von Staphylococcus aureus und Propionibacterium acnes: Indikationen einer In-vitro-Studie für den optimalen pH-Wert von Hautwaschmitteln [pH-dependence of the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes: in vitro study to evaluate the optimum pH of skin detergents]Ärztl Kosmetol1987174153
   Google Scholar
• KjeldstadBJohnssonASandbergSInfluence of pH on porphyrin production in Propionibacterium acnesArch Dermatol Res198427663964006517611
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FaccioliFEvaluation of Microbial Retardation Activity of Farmaka Acne Cream Compared to Commercial Topical Formulation of Benzoyl Peroxide 5%Milan2013
   Google Scholar
• LeoneGEvaluation of cutaneous tolerance to Kouriles acne during sun exposureGiorn It Dermat Venereol2010145179
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar