Implementing an Online Virtual Falls Prevention Intervention During a Public Health Pandemic for Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Feasibility Trial

References

• World Health Organization. WHO global report on falls prevention in older age. Available from: https://extranet.who.int/agefriendlyworld/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/WHo-Global-report-on-falls-prevention-in-older-age.pdf. Accessed 410, 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Older adults falls. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/homeandrecreationalsafety/falls/index.html. Accessed 413, 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Ansai JH, de Andrade LP, Masse FA, et al. Risk factors for falls in older adults with mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer Disease. J Geriatr Phys Ther. 2019;42(3):E116–E121. doi:10.1519/JPT.000000000000013528786910
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gllali G, Launay CP, Blumen HM, et al. Falls, cognitive impairment, and gait performance: results from the GOOD Initiative. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2017;18(4):335–340. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2016.10.00827914848
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li F, Harmer P. Prevalence of falls, physical performance, and dual-task cost while walking in older adults at high risk of falling with and without cognitive impairment. Clin Interv Aging. 2020;15:945–952. doi:10.2147/CIA.S25476432606636
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tinetti ME, Speechley M, Ginter SF. Risk factors for falls among elderly persons living in the community. N Engl J Med. 1988;319(26):1701–1707. doi:10.1056/NEJM1988122931926043205267
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montero-Odasso M, Speechley M. Falls in cognitively impaired older adults: implications for risk assessment and prevention. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2018;66(2):367–375. doi:10.1111/jgs.1521929318592
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bahureksa L, Najafi B, Saleh A, et al. The impact of mild cognitive impairment on gait and balance: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies using instrumented assessment. Gerontol. 2017;63:67–83. doi:10.1159/000445831
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kearney FC, Harwood RH, Gladman JRF, Lincoln N, Masud T. The relationship between executive function and falls and gait abnormalities in older adults: a systematic review. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2013;36:20–35. doi:10.1159/00035003123712088
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gillespie LD, Robertson MC, Gillespie WJ, et al. Interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;9(9):CD007146.
   Google Scholar
• Tricco AC, Thomas SM, Veroniki AA, et al. Comparisons of interventions for preventing falls in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2017;318(17):1687–1699. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.1500629114830
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sherrington C, Michaleff ZA, Fairhall N, et al. Exercise to prevent falls in older adults: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med. 2017;51:1750–1758. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2016-09654727707740
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peek K, Bryant J, Carey M, et al. Reducing falls among people living with dementia: a systematic review. Dementia. 2020;19(5):1621–1640. doi:10.1177/147130121880320130269532
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Burton E, Cavalheri V, Adams R, et al. Effectiveness of exercise programs to reduce falls in older people with dementia living in the community: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Interv Aging. 2015;10:421–434. doi:10.2147/CIA.S7169125709416
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li F, Harmer P, Eckstrom E, et al. Efficacy of exercise-based interventions in preventing falls among community-dwelling older persons with cognitive impairment: is there enough evidence? An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Age Ageing. In Press 2021 (doi:10.1093/ageing/afab110)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) – older Adults. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/older-adults.html. Accessed 413, 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Li F, Harmer P, Eckstrom E, et al. Effectiveness of a therapeutic Tai Ji Quan intervention vs multimodal exercise intervention to prevent falls among older adults at high risk of falling: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2018;178(10):1301–1310. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.391530208396
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li F, Harmer P, Liu Y, Chou LS, Tai J. Quan and global cognitive function in older adults with cognitive impermanent: a pilot study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2014;58(3):434–439. doi:10.1016/j.archger.2013.12.00324398166
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes C, Berg L, Danziger W, Coben L, Martin R. A new clinical scale for the staging of dementia. Br J Psychiatry. 1982;140:566–572. doi:10.1192/bjp.140.6.5667104545
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. “Mini-mental state”: a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res. 1975;12(3):189–198. doi:10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-61202204
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li F. Transforming traditional tai ji quan techniques into integrative movement therapy—Tai Ji Quan: moving for better balance. J Sport Health Sci. 2014;3(1):9–15. doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2013.11.00225126445
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li F, Harmer P, Stock R, et al. Implementing an evidence-based fall prevention program in an outpatient clinical setting. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2013;61(12):2142–2149. doi:10.1111/jgs.1250924164465
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li F, Harmer P, Fitzgerald K. Implementing an evidence-based fall prevention intervention in community senior centers. Am J Public Health. 2016;106(11):2026–2031. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.30338627631751
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rossiter-Fornoff J, Walf S, Wolfson L. A cross-sectional validation study of the FICSIT common data base static balance measures. J Gerontol a Biol Sci Med Sci. 1995;50A(6):M291–M297. doi:10.1093/gerona/50A.6.M291
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones C, Rekli R, Beam WC. A 30-s chair-stand test as a measure of lower body strength in community-residing older adults. Res Q Exerc Sport. 1999;70(2):113. doi:10.1080/02701367.1999.1060802810380242
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podsiadlo D, Richardson S. The timed “Up & Go”: a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1991;39(2):142–148. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1991.tb01616.x1991946
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guralnik JM, Simonsick EM, Ferrucci L, et al. A short physical performance battery assessing lower extremity function: association with self-reported disability and prediction of mortality and nursing home admission. J Gerontol. 1994;49(2):M85–M94. doi:10.1093/geronj/49.2.M858126356
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Duncan PW, Weiner DK, Chandler J, Studenski S. Functional reach: a new clinical measure of balance. J Gerontol. 1990;45(6):M192–M197. doi:10.1093/geronj/45.6.M1922229941
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• United Nation. Policy brief: the impact of COVID-19 on older persons. Available from: https://unsdg.un.org/sites/default/files/2020-05/Policy-Brief-The-Impact-of-COVID-19-on-Older-Persons.pdf. Accessed 413, 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Krendl AC, Perry BL. The impact of sheltering in place during the COVID-19 pandemic on older adults’ social and mental well-being. J Gerontol Psychol Sci. 2021;72(2):e53–e58. doi:10.1093/geronb/gbaa110
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamb SE, Sheehan B, Atherton N, et al. Dementia and physical activity (DAPA) trial of moderate to high intensity exercise training for people with dementia: randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2018;361:k1675. doi:10.1136/bmj.k167529769247
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldberg SE, van der Wardt V, Brand A, et al. Promoting activity, independence and stability in early dementia (PrAISED): a multisite, randomised, feasibility trial. BMC Geriatr. 2019;19:353. doi:10.1186/s12877-019-1379-531842828
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lipardo DS, Tsang W. Effects of combined physical and cognitive training on fall prevention and risk reduction in older persons with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled study. Clin Rehab. 2020;34(6):773–782. doi:10.1177/0269215520918352
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nyman SR, Ingram W, Sanders J, et al. Randomised controlled trial of the effect of Tai Chi on postural balance of people with dementia. Clin Interv Aging. 2019;14:2017–2029. doi:10.2147/CIA.S22893131819385
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Varela-Vásquez LA, Minobes-Molina E, Jerez-Roig J. Dual-task exercises in older adults: a structured review of current literature. J Frailty Sarcopenia Falls. 2020;5(2):31–37. doi:10.22540/JFSF-05-03132510028
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ghai S, Ghai I, Effenberg AO. Effects of dual tasks and dual-task training on postural stability: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Interv Aging. 2017;12:557–577. doi:10.2147/CIA.S12520128356727
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li F, Harmer P, Chou LS. Dual-task walking capacity mediates Tai Ji Quan impact on physical and cognitive function. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2019;51(11):2318–2324. doi:10.1249/MSS.000000000000205131169795
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li F. The public health benefits of Tai Ji Quan – addressing the unmet needs of aging populations in the 21st century. J Sport Health Sci. 2016;5(3):304–307. doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2016.01.02230356489
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panel on Prevention of Falls in Older Persons, American Geriatrics Society and British Geriatrics Society. Summary of the updated American Geriatrics Society/British Geriatrics Society clinical guideline for prevention of falls in older persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2011;59(1):148–157. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03234.x21226685
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. STEADI: older adults fall prevention. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/steadi/materials.html. Accessed 210, 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Masud T, Morris RO. Epidemiology of falls. Age Ageing. 2001;30-S4:3–7. doi:10.1093/ageing/30.suppl_4.3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pynoos J, Steinman BA, Nguyen A. Environmental assessment and modification as fall-prevention strategies for older adults. Clin Geriatr Med. 2010;26(4):633–644. doi:10.1016/j.cger.2010.07.00120934614
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar