References
- United Nation Department of economic and social affairs, Population divisionWorld Population Prospects. The 2010 Revision Volume 2. Demographic ProfilesNew YorkUnited Nation, Department of economic and social affairs, Population division2011
- Department of Statistics MalaysiaDemographic Indicators Available from https://www.statistics.gov.my/Accesed September 14, 2014
- GanesanSManaging the Country’s Ageing Population2010 Available from: http://thestar.com.my/lifestyle/story.asp?file=/2010/10/25/lifefocus/6865382&sec=lifefocusAccessed June 14, 2012
- NitzJCHouriganSRPhysiotherapy Practice in Residential Aged Care ChinaOxfordButterworth-Heinemann2004
- OnderGPenninxBWLapuertaPChange in physical performance over time in older women: the Women’s Health and Aging StudyJ Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci2002575289293
- LordSRMenzHBTiedemannAA physiological profile approach to falls risk assessment and preventionPhys Ther2003833238252
- KannusPPreventing osteoporosis, falls, and fractures among elderly peopleBr Med J199931871782052069915707
- ThiemUKlaaßen-MielkeRTrampischUMoschnyAPientkaLHinrichsTFalls and EQ-5D rated quality of life in community-dwelling seniors with concurrent chronic diseases: a cross-sectional studyHealth Qual Life Outcomes20141221724382363
- RubensteinLZFalls in older people: epidemiology, risk factors and strategies for preventionAge Ageing200635suppl 6s37s41
- NicholasJAHallWJScreening and preventive services for older adultsMt Sinai J Med201178449850821748739
- GillespieLDRobertsonMCGillespieWHInterventions for preventing falls in older people living in the communityCochrane Database Syst Rev20129CD00714622972103
- MoyerVAPrevention of falls in community-dwelling older adults: U.S. preventive services task force recommendation statementAnn Intern Med2012157319720422868837
- QuachLGalicaAMJonesRNThe nonlinear relationship between gait speed and falls: the Elderly of Boston StudyJ Am Geriatr Soc20115961069107321649615
- RogersMERogersNLTakeshimaNIslamMMMethods to assess and improve the physical parameters associated with fall risk in older adultsPrev Med200336325526412634016
- GuralnikJMSeemanTETinettiMENevittMCBerkmanLFValidation and use offunction measures of functioning in a non-disabled older population: MacArthur studies of successful agingAging (Milano)1994664104197748914
- TiedemannASherringtonCLordSRPhysiological and psychological predictors of walking speed in older community-dwelling peopleGerontology200551639039516299420
- LordSRMurraySMChapmanKMunroBTiedemannASit-to-standfunction depends on sensation, speed, balance and psychological status in addition to strength in older peopleJ Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci2002578539543
- LordSRRogersMWHowlandAFitzpatrickRLateral stability, sensorimotor function and falls in older peopleJ Am Geriatr Soc19994791077108110484249
- WhitneyJCLordSRCloseJCTStreamlining assessment and intervention in a falls clinic using the Timed Up and Go Test and physiological profile assessmentsAge Ageing200534656757116267180
- SmeeDJAnsonJMWaddingtonGSBerryHLAssociation between physical functionality and falls risk in community-living older adultsCurr Gerontol Geriatr Res2012201286451623304137
- SinghDKManafZAYusoffNAMuhammadNAPhanMFShaharSCorrelation between nutritional status and comprehensive physical performance measures among older adults with undernourishments in residential institutionsClin Interv Aging201491415142325187701
- OstirGVVolpatoSFriedLPReliability and sensitivity to change assessed for a summary measure of lower body function: results from the Women’s Health and Aging StudyJ Clin Epidemiol200255991692112393080
- PenninxBWFerrucciLLeveilleSGRantanenTPahorMGuralnikJMLower extremity performabce in nondisabled older persons as a predictor of subsequent hospitalizationJ Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci20005511691697
- QuadriPTettamantiMBernasconiSTrentoFLoewFLower limb function as predictor of falls and loss of mobility with social repercussions one year after discharge among elderly inpatientsAging Clin Exp Res2005172828915977454
- PereraSModySWoodmanRStudenskiSMeaningful change and responsiveness in common physical performance measures in older adultsJ Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci2005545743749
- MiyamotoKTakebayashiHTakimotoKMiyamotoSMoriokaSYagiFA new simplefunction test focused on agility in elderly people: the Ten Step TestGerontology200854636537218645242
- AngWTTanUXTanHGDesign and development of a novel balancer with variable difficulty for training and evaluationDisabil Rehabil Assist Technol20083632533119117193
- KohKWeeLReliability and validity of pro.balancePresented at: 7th National Congress, Singapore Physiotherapy AssociationMay 16–17 2009Singapore
- DuncanPWWeinerDKChandlerJStudenskiSFunctional reach: a new clinical measure of balanceJ Gerontol1990456192197
- DuncanPWStudenskiSChandlerJPrescottBFunctional reach: predictive validity in a sample of elderly male veteransJ Gerontol199247393981430891
- RehabMeasures.org [Homepage on the internet]Chicago. Hand Held Dynamometer/Grip Strength [updated March 9, 2014]. Available from: http://www.rehabmeasures.org/Lists/RehabMeasures/DispForm.aspx?ID=1052Accessed September 14, 2014
- FritzSLusardiMWhite paper, walking speed, the sixth vital signJ Geriatr Phys Ther20093222519856629
- SteffenTMHackerTAResearch report age- and gender-related testfunction in community-dwelling elderly people: Six-Minute Walk Test, Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up & Go Test, and gait speedsPhys Ther20028212813711856064
- PodsiadloDRichardsonSThe timed “Up & Go”: a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly personsJ Am Geriatr Soc19913921421481991946
- Shumway-cookABrauerSResearch report predicting the probability for falls in community-dwelling older adults using the timed up & go testPhys Ther20008089690310960937
- LinCLiaoKPuSChenYLiuMAssociated factors for falls among the community-dwelling older people assessed by annual geriatric health examinationsPLoS One20116426
- VicacaroLJPereraSStudenskiSIs timed up and go better than gait speed in predicting health, function and falls in older adultsJ Am Geriatr Soc2012595887892
- BhattTEspyDYangFPaiYCDynamic gait stability, clinical correlates, and prognosis of falls among community-dwelling older adultsArch Phys Med Rehabil201192579980521530728
- KelseyJLBerrySDProcter-GrayEIndoor and outdoor falls in older adults are different: the maintenance of balance, independent living, intellect, and Zest in the Elderly of Boston StudyJ Am Geriatr Soc201058112135214120831726
- DuckhamRLProcter-grayEHannanMTLeveilleSGLipsitzLASex differences in circumstances and consequences of outdoor and indoor falls in older adults in the MOBILIZE Boston cohort studyBMC Geriatr20131313311123280140
- DavisJCDonaldsonMGAsheMCKhanKMThe role of balance and agility training in fall reductionEura Medicophys200440321122116172589
- WonHSinghDKDinNCRelationship between physical performance and cognitive function measures among community-dwelling older adultsClin Epidemiol20143634335025328418
- SinghDKRajaratnamBSPalaniswamyVRamanVPBongPSPearsonHEffects of balance-focused interactive games compared to therapeutic balance classes for older womenClimacteric201316114114622640573
- TeimooriARaisiMSAbodardaZGhorbanloZHGhojebeiglooAAEffects of aging on muscle velocity, balance, and agility in healthy Iranian femalesAnn Biol Res20123520962099
- TuckerMGKavanaghJJMorrisonSBarrettRSDifferences in rapid initiation and termination of voluntary postural sway associated with ageing and falls-riskJ Mot Behav201042527728720739269
- Nelson-WongEAppellRMcKayMIncreased fall risk is associated with elevated co-contraction about the ankle during static balance challenges in older adultsEur J Appl Physiol201211241379138921811766
- StalenhoefPADiederiksJPKnottnerusJAKesterADCrebolderHFA risk model for the prediction of recurrent falls in community-dwelling elderly: a prospective cohort studyJ Clin Epidemiol200255111088109412507672
- MenzHBMorrisMELordSRFoot and ankle characteristics associated with impaired balance and functional ability in older peopleJ Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci200560121546155216424286
- BarryEGalvinRKeoghCHorganFFaheyTIs the timed up and go test a useful predictor of risk of falls in community dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysisBMC Geriatr201414111424393272
- BarkerALNitzJCChoyNLLHainesTPMobility has a non-linear association with falls risk among people in residential aged care: an observational studyJ Physiother20125811712522613242