Sociodemographic Characteristics Associated with Contacts to Emergency Medical Services and Out-of-Hours Primary Care: An Observational Study of 2.3 Million Citizens

References

• Lindskou TA, Mikkelsen S, Christensen EF, et al. The Danish prehospital emergency healthcare system and research possibilities. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2019;27(1):100. doi:10.1186/s13049-019-0676-531684982
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersen MS, Johnsen SP, Sørensen JN, Jepsen SB, Hansen JB, Christensen EF. Implementing a nationwide criteria-based emergency medical dispatch system: a register-based follow-up study. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2013;21(1):53. doi:10.1186/1757-7241-21-5323835246
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huibers L, Giesen P, Wensing M, Grol R. Out-of-hours care in western countries: assessment of different organizational models. BMC Health Serv Res. 2009;9(1):105. doi:10.1186/1472-6963-9-10519549325
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Søvsø MB, Kløjgaard TA, Hansen PA, Christensen EF. Repeated ambulance use is associated with chronic diseases - a population-based historic cohort study of patients’ symptoms and diagnoses. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2019;27(1):46. doi:10.1186/s13049-019-0624-430992042
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carret MLV, Fassa ACG, Domingues MR. Inappropriate use of emergency services: a systematic review of prevalence and associated factors. Cad Saude Publica. 2009;25(1):7–28. doi:10.1590/S0102-311X200900010000219180283
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caplan SE, Straus JH. Strategies for reducing inappropriate after-hours telephone calls. Clinical Pediatr. 1988;27(5):236–239. doi:10.1177/000992288802700504
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nørøxe KB, Huibers L, Moth G, Vedsted P. Medical appropriateness of adult calls to Danish out-of-hours primary care: a questionnaire-based survey. BMC Fam Pract. 2017;18(1):34. doi:10.1186/s12875-017-0617-128292257
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott J, Strickland AP, Warner K, Dawson P. Frequent callers to and users of emergency medical systems: a systematic review. Emerg Med J. 2014;31(8):684–691. doi:10.1136/emermed-2013-20254523825060
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Booker MJ, Simmonds RL, Purdy S. Patients who call emergency ambulances for primary care problems: a qualitative study of the decision-making process. Emerg Med J. 2014;31(6):448–452. doi:10.1136/emermed-2012-20212423535018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christensen EF, Larsen TM, Jensen FB, et al. Diagnosis and mortality in prehospital emergency patients transported to hospital: a population-based and registry-based cohort study. BMJ Open. 2016;6(7):e011558. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011558
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehm KK, Andersen MS, Riddervold IS. Non-urgent emergency callers: characteristics and prognosis. Prehospital Emerg Care. 2017;21(2):166–173. doi:10.1080/10903127.2016.1218981
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Søvsø MB, Christensen MB, Bech BH, Christensen HC, Christensen EF, Huibers L. Contacting out-of-hours primary care or emergency medical services for time-critical conditions - impact on patient outcomes. BMC Health Serv Res. 2019;19(1):813. doi:10.1186/s12913-019-4674-031699103
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keizer E, Christensen MB, Carlsen AH, et al. Factors related to out-of-hours help-seeking for acute health problems: a survey study using case scenarios. BMC Public Health. 2019;19(1):33. doi:10.1186/s12889-018-6332-630621741
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Loenen T, van den Berg MJ, Faber MJ, Westert GP. Propensity to seek healthcare in different healthcare systems: analysis of patient data in 34 countries. BMC Health Serv Res. 2015;15(1):465. doi:10.1186/s12913-015-1119-226453459
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huibers L, Keizer E, Carlsen AH, et al. Help-seeking behaviour outside office hours in Denmark, the Netherlands and Switzerland: a questionnaire study exploring responses to hypothetical cases. BMJ Open. 2018;8(10):e019295. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019295
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowthian JA, Cameron PA, Stoelwinder JU, et al. Increasing utilisation of emergency ambulances. Aust Heal Rev. 2011;35(1):63. doi:10.1071/AH09866
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huibers LA, Moth G, Bondevik GT, et al. Diagnostic scope in out-of-hours primary care services in eight European countries: an observational study. BMC Fam Pract. 2011;12(1):30. doi:10.1186/1471-2296-12-3021569483
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henriksen DP, Rasmussen L, Hansen MR, Hallas J, Pottegård A. Comparison of the five Danish regions regarding demographic characteristics, healthcare utilization, and medication use—a descriptive cross-sectional study. Dalal Ked. PLoS One. 2015;10(10):e0140197. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0140197.26439627
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pedersen CB. The Danish civil registration system. Scand J Public Health. 2011;39(7_suppl):22–25. doi:10.1177/140349481038796521775345
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gøtzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Int J Surg. 2014;12(12):1495–1499. doi:10.1016/j.ijsu.2014.07.01325046131
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Statistics Denmark. Danmarks Statistik [Statistics Denmark]. Available from: http://www.statistikbanken.dk/statbank5a/default.asp?w=1440. Accessed 1 14, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Olesen F, Jolleys JV. Out of hours service: the Danish solution examined. BMJ. 1994;309(6969):1624–1626. doi:10.1136/bmj.309.6969.16247819945
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ebert JF, Huibers L, Christensen B, Lippert FK, Christensen MB. Giving callers the option to bypass the telephone waiting line in out-of-hours services: a comparative intervention study. Scand J Prim Health Care. 2019;37(1):120–127. doi:10.1080/02813432.2019.156942730712448
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Philips H, Remmen R, De Paepe P, Buylaert W, Van Royen P. Out of hours care: a profile analysis of patients attending the emergency department and the general practitioner on call. BMC Fam Pract. 2010;11(1):88. doi:10.1186/1471-2296-11-8821078162
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawakami C, Ohshige K, Kubota K, Tochikubo O. Influence of socioeconomic factors on medically unnecessary ambulance calls. BMC Health Serv Res. 2007;7(1):120. doi:10.1186/1472-6963-7-12017655772
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersen R, Newman JF, Societal and individual determinants of medical care utilization in the United States. Milbank Mem Fund Q Heal Soc. 1973;51(1):95–124. doi:10.2307/3349613.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rucker DW, Edwards RA, Burstin HR, O’Neil AC, Brennan TA. Patient-specific predictors of ambulance use. Ann Emerg Med. 1997;29(4):484–491. doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(97)70221-x9095009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jensen VM, Rasmussen AW. Danish education registers. Scand J Public Health. 2011;39(7_suppl):91–94. doi:10.1177/140349481039471521775362
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baadsgaard M, Quitzau J. Danish registers on personal income and transfer payments. Scand J Public Health. 2011;39(7_suppl):103–105. doi:10.1177/140349481140509821775365
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petersson F, Baadsgaard M, Thygesen LC. Danish registers on personal labour market affiliation. Scand J Public Health. 2011;39(7_suppl):95–98. doi:10.1177/140349481140848321775363
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sahl Andersen J, De Fine Olivarius N, Krasnik A. The Danish National Health Service Register. Scand J Public Health. 2011;39(7_suppl):34–37. doi:10.1177/140349481039471821775348
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zou G. A modified poisson regression approach to prospective studies with binary data. Am J Epidemiol. 2004;159(7):702–706. doi:10.1093/aje/kwh09015033648
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moll van Charante EP, van Steenwijk-opdam PC, Bindels PJE. Out-of-hours demand for GP care and emergency services: patients‘ choices and referrals by general practitioners and ambulance services. BMC Fam Pract. 2007;8(1):46. doi:10.1186/1471-2296-8-4617672915
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ullits LR, Ejlskov L, Mortensen RN, et al. Socioeconomic inequality and mortality - a regional Danish cohort study. BMC Public Health. 2015;15(1):490. doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1813-325966782
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLean G, Gunn J, Wyke S, et al. The influence of socioeconomic deprivation on multimorbidity at different ages: a cross-sectional study. Br J Gen Pract. 2014;64(624):e440–e447. doi:10.3399/bjgp14X68054524982497
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cecil E, Bottle A, Cowling TE, Majeed A, Wolfe I, Saxena S. Primary care access, emergency department visits, and unplanned short hospitalizations in the UK. Pediatrics. 2016;137(2):e20151492–e20151492. doi:10.1542/peds.2015-149226791971
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin A, Martin C, Martin PB, Martin PA, Green G, Eldridge S. ’Inappropriate’ attendance at an accident and emergency department by adults registered in local general practices: how is it related to their use of primary care? J Heal Serv Res Policy. 2002;7(3):160–165. doi:10.1258/135581902760082463
   Google Scholar