C-reactive protein in outpatients with acute exacerbation of COPD: its relationship with microbial etiology and severity

References

• Soler-CataluñaJJMartínez-GarcíaMARomán SánchezPSalcedoENavarroMOchandoRSevere acute exacerbations and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseThorax2005601192593116055622
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HurstJRVestboJAnzuetoAEvaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints (ECLIPSE) Investigators. Susceptibility to exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseN Engl J Med2010363121128113820843247
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MiravitllesMAnzuetoARole of infection in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseCurr Opin Pulm Med201521327828325719955
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• StockleyRAO’BrienCPyeAHillSLRelationship of sputum color to nature and outpatient management of acute exacerbations of COPDChest200011761638164510858396
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MiravitllesMKruesmannFHaverstockDPerroncelRChoudhriSHArvisPSputum colour and bacteria in chronic bronchitis exacerbations: a pooled analysisEur Respir J20123961354136022034649
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SeemungalTHarper-OwenRBhowmikARespiratory viruses, symptoms, and inflammatory markers in acute exacerbations and stable chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med200116491618162311719299
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KheradOKaiserLBridevauxPOUpper-respiratory viral infection, biomarkers, and COPD exacerbationsChest2010138489690420435659
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MiravitllesMMoragasAHernándezSBayonaCLlorCIs it possible to identify exacerbations of mild to moderate COPD that do not require antibiotic treatment?Chest201314451571157723807094
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KrügerSEwigSPapassotiriouJInflammatory parameters predict etiologic patterns but do not allow for individual prediction of etiology in patients with CAP: results from the German competence network CAPNETZRespir Res20091016519594893
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MarinAMonsóEGarcia-NuñezMVariability and effects of bronchial colonisation in patients with moderate COPDEur Respir J201035229530219643939
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ClarkTWMedinaMJBathamSCurranMDParmarSNicholsonKGC-reactive protein level and microbial aetiology in patients hospitalised with acute exacerbation of COPDEur Respir J2015451768625186260
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HurstJRDonaldsonGCPereraWRUse of plasma biomarkers at exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med2006174886787416799074
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AnthonisenNRManfredaJWarrenCPHershfieldESHardingGKNelsonNAAntibiotic therapy in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAnn Intern Med198710621962043492164
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GallegoMPomaresXEspasaMPseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: characterization and risk factorsBMC Pulm Med20141410324964956
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MillaresLFerrariRGallegoMBronchial microbiome of severe COPD patients colonised by Pseudomonas aeruginosaEur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis20143371101111124449346
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CelliBRCoteCGMarínJMThe body-mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity index in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseN Engl J Med2004350101005101214999112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CharlsonMSzatrowskiTPPetersonJGoldJValidation of a combined comorbidity indexJ Clin Epidemiol19944711124512517722560
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• From the global strategy for the diagnosis, management and prevention of COPD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD)2013 Available from: http://www.goldcopd.org/Accessed January 7, 2016
   Google Scholar
• WoodheadMBlasiFEwigSGuidelines for the management of adult lower respiratory tract infectionsClin Microbiol Infect201117Suppl 6E1E59
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CelliBRMacNeeWATS/ERS Task ForceStandards for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with COPD: a summary of the ATS/ERS position paperEur Respir J200423693294615219010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HurstJRDonaldsonGCQuintJKGoldringJPBaghai-RavaryRWedzichaJATemporal clustering of exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med2009179536937419074596
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MurrayPRWashingtonJAMicroscopic and bacteriologic analysis of expectorated sputumMayo Clin Proc19755063393441127999
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BalowsAHauslerWJHerrmannKLIsenbergHDShadomyHJManual of Clinical Microbiology5thWashington DCAmerican Society of Microbiology1991
   Google Scholar
• CabelloHTorresACelisRBacterial colonization of distal airways in healthy subjects and chronic lung disease: a bronchoscopic studyEur Respir J1997105113711449163659
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CoirasMTAguilarJCGarcíaMLCasasIPérez-BreñaPSimultaneous detection of fourteen respiratory viruses in clinical specimens by two multiplex reverse transcription nested-PCR assaysJ Med Virol200472348449514748074
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KoFWIpMChanPKA 1-year prospective study of the infectious etiology in patients hospitalized with acute exacerbations of COPDChest20071311445217218555
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PapiABellettatoCMBraccioniFInfections and airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severe exacerbationsAm J Respir Crit Care Med2006173101114112116484677
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChalmersJDSinganayagamAHillATC-reactive protein is an independent predictor of severity in community-acquired pneumoniaAm J Med2008121321922518328306
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PeisajovichALMarnellCMoldCDu ClosTWC reactive protein at the interface between innate immunity and inflammationExp Rev Clin Immunol200843379390
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BozinovskiSHutchinsonAThompsonMSerum amyloid A is a biomarker of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med2008177326927818006888
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RamírezPFerrerMMartíVInflammatory biomarkers and prediction for intensive care unit admission in severe community-acquired pneumoniaCrit Care Med201139102211221721705887
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KaradenizGPolatGSenolGBuyuksirinMC-reactive protein measurements as a marker of the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbationsInflammation201336494895323547018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PostmaDSBuremaJGimenoFPrognosis in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm Rev Respir Dis19791193357367443616
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• QuintanaJMEstebanCUnzurrunzagaAPredictive score for mortality in patients with COPD exacerbations attending hospital emergency departmentsBMC Med2014126624758312
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VidalSGonzálezNBarrioIPredictors of hospital admission in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseInt J Tuberc Lung Dis201317121632163724200281
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar