References
- FearyJRRodriguesLCSmithCJHubbardRBGibsonJEPrevalence of major comorbidities in subjects with COPD and incidence of myocardial infarction and stroke: a comprehensive analysis using data from primary careThorax2010651195696220871122
- ManninoDMThornDSwensenAHolguinFPrevalence and outcomes of diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease in COPDEur Respir J200832496296918579551
- SinDDManSFWhy are patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases? The potential role of systemic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseCirculation2003107111514151912654609
- HoleDJWattGCDavey-SmithGHartCLGillisCRHawthorneVMImpaired lung function and mortality risk in men and women: findings from the Renfrew and Paisley prospective population studyBMJ199631370597117158819439
- SchuleriKHGeorgeRTLardoACApplications of cardiac multi-detector CT beyond coronary angiographyNat Rev Cardiol200961169971019851349
- DetranoRGuerciADCarrJJCoronary calcium as a predictor of coronary events in four racial or ethnic groupsN Engl J Med2008358131336134518367736
- WilliamsMCMurchisonJTEdwardsLDCoronary artery calcification is increased in patients with COPD and associated with increased morbidity and mortalityThorax201469871872324473329
- RabinovichRAMillerBEWrobelKEvaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints (ECLIPSE) InvestigatorsCirculating desmosine levels do not predict emphysema progression but are associated with cardiovascular risk and mortality in COPDEur Respir J20164751365137327009168
- MartinezCHFreemanCMNelsonJDCOPDGene InvestigatorsGDF-15 plasma levels in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are associated with subclinical coronary artery diseaseRespir Res20171814228245821
- DrummondMBKirkGDHIV-associated obstructive lung diseases: insights and implications for the clinicianLancet Respir Med20142758359224831854
- RonitAHaissmanJKirkegaard-KlitboDMCopenhagen comorbidity in HIV infection (COCOMO) study: a study protocol for a longitudinal, non-interventional assessment of non-AIDS comorbidity in HIV infection in DenmarkBMC Infect Dis201616171327887644
- FuchsAMejdahlMRKühlJTNormal values of left ventricular mass and cardiac chamber volumes assessed by 320-detector computed tomography angiography in the Copenhagen General Population StudyEur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging20161791009101726758412
- RonitALundgrenJAfzalSAirflow limitation in people living with HIV and matched uninfected controlsThorax201873543143829331988
- QuanjerPHStanojevicSColeTJMulti-ethnic reference values for spirometry for the 3-95-yr age range: the global lung function 2012 equationsEur Respir J20124061324134322743675
- LynchDAAl-QaisiMAQuantitative computed tomography in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseJ Thorac Imaging201328528429023748651
- MadaniAVan MuylemAGevenoisPAPulmonary emphysema: effect of lung volume on objective quantification at thin-section CTRadiology2010257126026820663967
- BoedekerKLMcnitt-GrayMFRogersSREmphysema: effect of reconstruction algorithm on CT imaging measuresRadiology2004232129530115220511
- WilsonDOWeissfeldJLBalkanAAssociation of radiographic emphysema and airflow obstruction with lung cancerAm J Respir Crit Care Med2008178773874418565949
- LinLIA concordance correlation coefficient to evaluate reproducibilityBiometrics19894512552682720055
- KleinJSGamsuGWebbWRGoldenJAMüllerNLHigh-resolution CT diagnosis of emphysema in symptomatic patients with normal chest radiographs and isolated low diffusing capacityRadiology199218238178211535900
- SheikhKCoxsonHOParragaGThis is what COPD looks likeRespirology201621222423626333307
- NewellJDSierenJHoffmanEADevelopment of quantitative computed tomography lung protocolsJ Thorac Imaging201328526627123934142
- CoxsonHODirksenAEdwardsLDEvaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints (ECLIPSE) InvestigatorsThe presence and progression of emphysema in COPD as determined by CT scanning and biomarker expression: a prospective analysis from the ECLIPSE studyLancet Respir Med20131212913624429093
- HoffmanEAJiangRBaumhauerHReproducibility and validity of lung density measures from cardiac CT Scans – The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) Lung StudyAcad Radiol200916668969919427979
- OelsnerECHoffmanEAFolsomARAssociation between emphysema-like lung on cardiac computed tomography and mortality in persons without airflow obstruction: a cohort studyAnn Intern Med20141611286387325506855
- OelsnerECCarrJJEnrightPLPercent emphysema is associated with respiratory and lung cancer mortality in the general population: a cohort studyThorax201671762463227048196
- FriedlanderALLynchDDyarLABowlerRPPhenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseCOPD20074435538418027163
- SchroederJDMckenzieASZachJARelationships between airflow obstruction and quantitative CT measurements of emphysema, air trapping, and airways in subjects with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAJR Am J Roentgenol20132013W460W47023971478
- BaldiSMiniatiMBellinaCRRelationship between extent of pulmonary emphysema by high-resolution computed tomography and lung elastic recoil in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med2001164458558911520720
- BarrRGBerkowitzEABigazziFCOPDGene CT Workshop GroupA combined pulmonary-radiology workshop for visual evaluation of COPD: study design, chest CT findings and concordance with quantitative evaluationCOPD20129215115922429093