The Inflammatory Response Induced by RELMβ Upregulates IL-8 and IL-1β Expression in Bronchial Epithelial Cells in COPD

References

• Halpin D, Criner G, Papi A, et al. Global initiative for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive lung disease. The 2020 GOLD science committee report on COVID-19 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2021;203(1):24–36. doi:10.1164/rccm.202009-3533SO
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou M, Wang H, Zeng X, et al. Mortality, morbidity, and risk factors in China and its provinces, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. 2019;394(10204):1145–1158. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(19)30427-1
   Google Scholar
• Barnes P. COPD 2020: new directions needed. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2020;319(5):L884–L886. doi:10.1152/ajplung.00473.2020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hogg JC. Pathophysiology of airflow limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Lancet. 2004;364(9435):709–721.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu S, Zhou Y, Wang X, et al. Biomass fuels are the probable risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in rural South China. Thorax. 2007;62(10):889–897.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hogg J, Timens W. The pathology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Annu Rev Pathol. 2009;4:435–459. doi:10.1146/annurev.pathol.4.110807.092145
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holcomb I, Kabakoff R, Chan B, et al. FIZZ1, a novel cysteine-rich secreted protein associated with pulmonary inflammation, defines a new gene family. EMBO J. 2000;19(15):4046–4055. doi:10.1093/emboj/19.15.4046
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banerjee A, Mondal NK, Das D, Ray MR. Neutrophilic inflammatory response and oxidative stress in premenopausal women chronically exposed to indoor air pollution from biomass burning. Inflammation. 2012;35(2):671–683.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steppan C, Brown E, Wright C, et al. A family of tissue-specific resistin-like molecules. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001;98(2):502–506. doi:10.1073/pnas.98.2.502
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu T, Baek H, Yu H, et al. FIZZ2/RELM-β induction and role in pulmonary fibrosis. J Immunol. 2011;187(1):450–461. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1000964
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fang C, Yin L, Sharma S, et al. Resistin-like molecule-β (RELM-β) targets airways fibroblasts to effect remodelling in asthma: from mouse to man. Clin Exp Allergy. 2015;45(5):940–952. doi:10.1111/cea.12481
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamaji-Kegan K, Su Q, Angelini D, Myers A, Cheadle C, Johns R. Hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor (HIMF/FIZZ1/RELMalpha) increases lung inflammation and activates pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells via an IL-4-dependent mechanism. J Immunol. 2010;185(9):5539–5548. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0904021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Angelini D, Su Q, Yamaji-Kegan K, et al. Resistin-like molecule-beta in scleroderma-associated pulmonary hypertension. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2009;41(5):553–561. doi:10.1165/rcmb.2008-0271OC
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tian H, Liu L, Wu Y, et al. Resistin-like molecule β acts as a mitogenic factor in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension via the Ca-dependent PI3K/Akt/mTOR and PKC/MAPK signaling pathways. Respir Res. 2021;22(1):8. doi:10.1186/s12931-020-01598-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin C, Chen L, Huang Z, Wu Y, Liu S. Effect of cigarette smoke extraction on the expression of found in inflammatory zone 1 in rat lung epithelial L2 cells. Chin Med J. 2014;127(12):2363–2367.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johns R, Takimoto E, Meuchel L, et al. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α is a critical downstream mediator for hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor (FIZZ1/RELMα)-induced pulmonary hypertension. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2016;36(1):134–144. doi:10.1161/atvbaha.115.306710
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Propheter D, Chara A, Harris T, Ruhn K, Hooper L. Resistin-like molecule β is a bactericidal protein that promotes spatial segregation of the microbiota and the colonic epithelium. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017;114(42):11027–11033. doi:10.1073/pnas.1711395114
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsuboi K, Nishitani M, Takakura A, Imai Y, Komatsu M, Kawashima H. Autophagy protects against colitis by the maintenance of normal gut microflora and secretion of mucus. J Biol Chem. 2015;290(33):20511–20526. doi:10.1074/jbc.M114.632257
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wernstedt Asterholm I, Kim-Muller J, Rutkowski J, Crewe C, Tao C, Scherer P. Pathological Type-2 immune response, enhanced tumor growth, and glucose intolerance in Retnlβ (RELMβ) null mice: a model of intestinal immune system dysfunction in disease susceptibility. Am J Pathol. 2016;186(9):2404–2416. doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.04.017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnes P. Immunology of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Nat Rev Immunol. 2008;8(3):183–192. doi:10.1038/nri2254
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou R, Qu Y, Huang Q, Sun X, Mu D, Li X. Recombinant CC16 regulates inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy via the inhibition of the p38MAPK signaling pathway in the brain of neonatal rats with sepsis. Brain Res. 2019;1725:146473. doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146473
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin Z, Jin J, Shan X. Fish oils protects against cecal ligation and puncture‑induced septic acute kidney injury via the regulation of inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Int J Mol Med. 2019;44(5):1771–1780. doi:10.3892/ijmm.2019.4337
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koo H, Vasilescu D, Booth S, et al. Small airways disease in mild and moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cross-sectional study. Lancet Respir Med. 2018;6(8):591–602. doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(18)30196-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pirina P, Foschino Barbaro M, Paleari D, Spanevello A. Small airway inflammation and extrafine inhaled corticosteroids plus long-acting beta-agonists formulations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Med. 2018;143:74–81. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2018.08.013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hogg J, Chu F, Utokaparch S, et al. The nature of small-airway obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(26):2645–2653. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa032158
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moosavi S, Prabhala P, Ammit A. Role and regulation of MKP-1 in airway inflammation. Respir Res. 2017;18(1):154. doi:10.1186/s12931-017-0637-3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kushiyama A, Shojima N, Ogihara T, et al. Resistin-like molecule beta activates MAPKs, suppresses insulin signaling in hepatocytes, and induces diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and fatty liver in transgenic mice on a high fat diet. J Biol Chem. 2005;280(51):42016–42025. doi:10.1074/jbc.M503065200
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bin Y, Ma N, Lu Y, et al. Erythromycin reverses cigarette smoke extract-induced corticosteroid insensitivity by inhibition of the JNK/c-Jun pathway. Free Radic Biol Med. 2020;152:494–503. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.11.020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Fan C, Chen B, Shi J. Resistin-like molecule beta (RELM-β) regulates proliferation of human diabetic nephropathy mesangial cells via Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK) signaling pathway. Med Sci Monitor. 2017;23:3897–3903. doi:10.12659/msm.905381
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen G, Wang S, Jang J, Odegaard J, Nair M. Comparison of RELMα and RELMβ single- and double-gene-deficient mice reveals that RELMα expression dictates inflammation and worm expulsion in Hookworm infection. Infect Immun. 2016;84(4):1100–1111. doi:10.1128/iai.01479-15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higham A, Bostock D, Booth G, Dungwa J, Singh D. The effect of electronic cigarette and tobacco smoke exposure on COPD bronchial epithelial cell inflammatory responses. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2018;13:989–1000. doi:10.2147/copd.S157728
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeng Y, Hu W, Zuo Y, Wang X, Zhang J. Altered serum levels of type I collagen turnover indicators accompanied by IL-6 and IL-8 release in stable COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2019;14:163–168. doi:10.2147/copd.S188139
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hogan S, Seidu L, Blanchard C, et al. Resistin-like molecule beta regulates innate colonic function: barrier integrity and inflammation susceptibility. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006;118(1):257–268. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2006.04.039
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keatings V, Collins P, Scott D, Barnes P. Differences in interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in induced sputum from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996;153(2):530–534. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.153.2.8564092
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan Y, Kirkham P, Barnes P, Adcock I. Brd4 is essential for IL-1β-induced inflammation in human airway epithelial cells. PLoS One. 2014;9(4):e95051. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0095051
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozretić P, da Silva Filho M, Catalano C, et al. NLRP1Association of coding polymorphism with lung function and serum IL-1β concentration in patients diagnosed with chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Genes. 2019;10:10. doi:10.3390/genes10100783
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fu J, McDonald V, Baines K, Gibson P. Airway IL-1β and systemic inflammation as predictors of future exacerbation risk in asthma and COPD. Chest. 2015;148(3):618–629. doi:10.1378/chest.14-2337
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osei E, Brandsma C, Timens W, Heijink I, Hackett T. Current perspectives on the role of interleukin-1 signalling in the pathogenesis of asthma and COPD. Eur Respir J. 2020;55:2. doi:10.1183/13993003.00563-2019.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Birrell M, Eltom S. The role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of airway disease. Pharmacol Ther. 2011;130(3):364–370. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.03.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fei X, Bao W, Zhang P, et al. Inhalation of progesterone inhibits chronic airway inflammation of mice exposed to ozone. Mol Immunol. 2017;85:174–184. doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2017.02.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang C, Xie M, He X, Gao H. Activity of sputum p38 MAPK is correlated with airway inflammation and reduced FEV1 in COPD patients. Med Sci Monit. 2013;19:1229–1235. doi:10.12659/MSM.889880
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar