Obesity and brain illness: from cognitive and psychological evidences to obesity paradox

References

• Caballero B The global epidemic of obesity: an overview Epidemiol Rev 2007 29 1 5 17569676
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell NS Catenacci VA Wyatt HR Hill JO Obesity: overview of an epidemic Psychiatr Clin North Am 2011 34 717 732 22098799
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ng M Fleming T Robinson M Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Lancet 2014 384 9945 766 781 24880830
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization Obesity and Overweight [Fact Sheet] 2011
   Google Scholar
• Qiu C Winblad B Fratiglioni L The age-dependent relation of blood pressure to cognitive function and dementia Lancet Neurol 2005 4 8 487 499 16033691
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panza F D’Introno A Colacicco AM Lipid metabolism in cognitive declineand dementia Brain Res Rev 2006 51 2 275 292 16410024
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Whitmer RA Gunderson EP Barrett-Connor E Quesenberry CPJr Yaffe K Obesity in middle age and future risk of dementia: a 27 year longitudinal population based study BMJ 2005 330 7504 1360 15863436
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grimley EJ Areosa SA Effect of the treatmentof type II diabetes mellitus on the development of cognitive impairment and dementia Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003 1 CD003804
   Google Scholar
• Marra L Cantile M Scognamiglio G Deregulation of HOX B13 expression in urinary bladder cancer progression Curr Med Chem 2013 20 6 833 839 23276138
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gustafson D Rothenberg E Blennow K Steen B Skoog I An 18-year follow-up of overweight and risk of Alzheimer disease Arch Intern Med 2003 163 13 1524 1528 12860573
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rosengren A Skoog I Gustafson D Wilhelmsen L Body mass index, other cardiovascular risk factors, and hospitalization for dementia Arch Intern Med 2005 165 3 321 326 15710796
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Whitmer RA Gustafson DR Barrett-Connor E Haan MN Gunderson EP Yaffe K Central obesity and increased risk of dementia more than three decades later Neurology 2008 71 14 1057 1064 18367704
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beydoun MA Beydoun HA Wang Y Obesity and central obesity as risk factors for incident dementia and its subtypes: a systematic review and meta-analysis Obes Rev 2008 9 3 204 218 18331422
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atti AR Palmer K Volpato S Winblad B De Ronchi D Fratiglioni L Late-life body mass index and dementia incidence: nine-year follow-up data from the Kungsholmen Project J Am Geriatr Soc 2008 56 1 111 116 18028342
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fitzpatrick AL Kuller LH Lopez OL Midlife and late-life obesity and the risk of dementia: cardiovascular health study Arch Neurol 2009 66 3 336 342 19273752
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chieffi S La Marra M Messina G De Luca V Messina A Monda M β-amyloid peptide in pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease Curr Topics Peptide Protein Res 2011 12 65 69
   Google Scholar
• Chieffi S La Marra M Viggiano A Messina G De Luca V Monda M. Caffeine protection against β-amyloid peptide toxicity in Alzheimer’s disease Current Topics in Peptide and Protein Research 2011 12 71 75
   Google Scholar
• Raji CA Ho AJ Parikshak NN Brain structure and obesity Hum Brain Mapp 2010 31 353 364 19662657
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gustafson D Lissner L Bengtsson C Bjorkelund C Skoog I A 24-year follow-up of body mass index and cerebral atrophy Neurology 2004 63 1876 1881 15557505
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho AJ Raji CA Becker JT Cardiovascular Health Study, ADNI Obesity is linked with lower brain volume in 700 AD and MCI patients Neurobiol Aging 2010 31 8 1326 1339 20570405
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pannacciulli N Del Parigi A Chen K Le DS Reiman EM Brain abnormalities in human obesity: a voxel-based morphometric study Neuroimage 2006 31 1419 1425 16545583
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jagust W Harvey D Mungas D Haan M Central obesity and the aging brain Arch Neurol 2005 62 10 1545 1548 16216937
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ward MA Carlsson CM Trivedi MA Sager MA Johnson SC The effect of body mass index on global brain volume in middle-aged adults: a cross sectional study BMC Neurol 2005 5 23 16321166
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorospe EC Dave JK The risk of dementia with increased body mass index Age Aging 2007 36 1 23 29
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taki Y Kinomura S Sato K Relationship between body mass index and gray matter volume in 1,428 healthy individuals Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008 16 119 124 18223623
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Debette S Seshadri S Beiser A Midlife vascular risk factor exposure accelerates structural brain aging and cognitive decline Neurology 2011 77 5 461 468 21810696
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Messina G Palmieri F Monda V Exercise causes muscle Glut4 translocation in an insulin-independent manner Biol Med 2015 7 006
   Google Scholar
• Messina G Viggiano A Tafuri D Role of orexin in obese patients in the intensive care unit J Anesth Clin Res 2014 5 1000395
   Google Scholar
• Jack CRJr Petersen RC Xu Y Rates of hippocampal atrophy correlate with change in clinical status in aging and AD Neurology 2000 55 484 489 10953178
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raji CA Lopez OL Kuller LH Carmichael OT Becker JT Age, Alzheimer disease, and brain structure Neurology 2009 73 1899 1905 19846828
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chieffi S Messina G La Marra M Distractor interference in visual motor tasks Costa A Villalba E Horizon in Neuroscience Research 2014 13 151 160
   Google Scholar
• Elias MF Beiser A Wolf PA Au R White RF D’Agostino RB The preclinical phase of alzheimer disease: a 22-year prospective study of the Framingham Cohort Arch Neurol 2000 57 6 808 813 10867777
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amieva H Jacqmin-Gadda H Orgogozo JM The 9 year cognitive decline before dementia of the Alzheimer type: a prospective population-based study Brain 2005 128 Pt 5 1093 1101 15774508
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iavarone A Patruno M Galeone F Chieffi S Carlomagno S Brief report: error pattern in an autistic savant calendar calculator J Autism Dev Disord 2007 37 4 775 779 16900402
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Francavilla G Abrignani MG Braschi A Physical exercise and sport activities in patients with and without coronary heart disease Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2007 68 2 87 95 Italian 17886769
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Francavilla VC Abricnani M Braschi A Francavilla C Utility of QT dispersion in sports medicine Medicina Dello Sport 2008 61 477 485
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chieffi S Messina G Villano I Exercise influence on hippocampal function: possible involvement of Orexin-A Front Physiol 2017 8 85 28261108
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Serrano-Pozo A Frosch MP Masliah E Hyman BT Neuropathological alterations in Alzheimer disease Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2011 1 a006189 22229116
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mrak RE Alzheimer-type neuropathological changes in morbidly obese elderly individuals Clin Neuropathol 2009l 28 40 45 19216219
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee YH Martin JM Maple RL Tharp WG Pratley RE Plasma amyloid-beta peptide levels correlate with adipocyte amyloid precursor protein gene expression in obese individuals Neuroendocrinology 2009 90 4 383 390 19672057
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jahangiri A Wilson PG Hou TF Brown A King VL Tannock LR Serum amyloid A is found on ApoB-containing lipoproteins in obese humans with diabetes Obesity (Silver Spring) 2013 21 5 993 996 23784902
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moroz N Tong M Longato L Xu H de la Monte SM Limited Alzheimer-type neurodegeneration in experimental obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus J Alzheimers Dis 2008 15 29 44 18780965
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anstey N Cherbuin M Budge M Young J Body mass index in midlife and late-life as a risk factor for dementia: a meta-analysis of prospective studies Obes Rev 2011 12 426 437
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luchsinger JA Patel B Tang MX Schupf N Mayeux R Measures of adiposity and dementia risk in elderly persons Arch Neurol 2007 64 392 398 17353383
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen JC Killcross AS Jenkins TA Obesity and cognitive decline: role of inflammation and vascular changes Front Neurosci 2014 8 375 25477778
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ballabh P Braun A Nedergaard M The blood-brain barrier: an overview: structure, regulation, and clinical implications Neurobiol Dis 2004 16 1 13 15207256
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skoog I Wallin A Fredman P A population study on blood-brain barrier function in 85-year-olds: relation to Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia Neurology 1998 50 4 966 971 9566380
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gustafson DR Karlsson C Skoog I Rosengren L Lissner L Blennow K Mid-life adiposity factors relate to blood-brain barrier integrity in late life J Intern Med 2007 262 643 650 17986201
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Odegaard JI Chawla A Pleiotropic actions of insulin resistance and inflammation in metabolic homeostasis Science 2013 339 6116 172 177 23307735
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hotamisligil GS Shargill NS Spiegelman BM Adipose expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha: direct role in obesity-linked insulin resistance Science 1993 259 5091 87 91 7678183
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Visser M Bouter LM McQuillan GM Wener MH Harris TB Elevated C reactive protein levels in overweight and obese adults JAMA 1999 282 22 2131 2135 10591334
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yudkin JS Stehouwer CD Emeis JJ Coppack SW C-reactive protein in healthy subjects: associations with obesity, insulin resistance, and endothelial dysfunction: a potential role for cytokines originating from adipose tissue? Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1999 19 4 972 978 10195925
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ouchi N Parker JL Lugus JJ Walsh K Adipokines in inflammation and metabolic disease Nat Rev Immunol 2011 11 2 85 97 21252989
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller AA Spencer SJ Obesity and neuroinflammation: a Pathway to cognitive impairment Brain Behav Immun 2014 42 10 21 24727365
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pradhan AD Manson JE Rifai N Buring JE Ridker PM C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus JAMA 2001 286 3 327 334 11466099
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruun JM Pedersen SB Kristensen K Richelsen B Effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines on leptin production in human adipose tissue in vitro Mol Cell Endocrinol 2002 190 1–2 91 99 11997182
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trayhurn P Wood IS Adipokines: inflammation and the pleiotropic role of white adipose tissue Br J Nutr 2004 92 3 347 355 15469638
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yaffe K Metabolic syndrome and cognitive decline Curr Alzheimer Res 2007 4 2 123 126 17430234
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hassing Overweight in midlife and risk of dementia: a 40-year follow-up study Int J Obes (Lond) 2009 33 8 893 898 19506566
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McElroy SL Kotwal R Malhotra S Nelson EB Keck PE Nemeroff CB Are mood disorders and obesity related? A review for the mental health professional J Clin Psychiatry 2004 65 5 634 651 15163249
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Onyike CU Crum RM Lee HB Lyketsos CG Eaton WW Is obesity associated with major depression? Results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Am J Epidemiol 2003 158 12 1139 1147 14652298
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amann B Mergl R Torrent C Abnormal temperament in patients with morbid obesity seeking surgical treatment J Affect Disord 2009 118 1–3 155 160 19243838
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glinski J Wetzler S Goodman E The psychology of gastric bypass surgery Obes Surg 2001 11 581 588 11594099
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsu LK Benotti PN Dwyer J Nonsurgical factors that influence the outcome of bariatric surgery: a review Psychosomat Med 1998 60 3 338 346
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kolotkin RL Crosby RD Pendleton R Stong M Gress RE Adams T Healthrelated quality of life in patients seeking gastric bypass surgery vs non-treatment-seeking controls Obes Surg 2003 13 3 371 377 12841896
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carpenter KM Hasin DS Allison DB Faith MS Relationships between obesity and DSM-IV major depressive disorder, suicide ideation, and suicide attempts: results from a general population study Am J Public Health 2000 90 2 251 257 10667187
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodman E Whitaker RC A prospective study of the role of depression in the development and persistence of adolescent obesity Pediatrics 2002 110 3 497 504 12205250
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richardson LP Davis R Poulton R A longitudinal evaluation of adolescent depression and adult obesity Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2003 157 8 739 745 12912778
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maddi SR Fox SR Khoshaba DM Harvey RH Lu JL Persico M Reduction in psychopathology following bariatric surgery for morbid obesity Obes Surg 2001 11 6 680 685 11775564
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Black DW Goldstein RB Mason EE Prevalence of mental disorder in 88 morbidly obese bariatric clinic patients Am J Psychiatry 1992 149 2 227 234 1734744
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papageorgiou GM Papakonstantinou A Mamplekou E Terzis I Melissas J Pre- and postoperative psychological characteristics in morbidly obese patients Obes Surg 2002 12 4 534 539 12194547
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Assari SJ Association between obesity and depression among American Blacks: role of ethnicity and gender J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2014 1 36
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim JY Chang HM Cho JJ Yoo SH Kim SY Relationship between obesity and depression in the Korean working population J Korean Med Sci 2010 25 11 1560 1567 21060743
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bramanti V Bronzi D Tomassoni D Effect of choline-containing phospholipids on transglutaminase activity in primary astroglial cell cultures Clin Exp Hypertens 2008 30 798 807 19021029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bramanti V Grasso S Tomassoni D Effect of growth factors and steroid hormones on heme oxygenase and cyclin D1 expression in primary astroglial cell cultures J Neurosci Res 2015 93 521 529 25388553
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bramanti V Tomassoni D Grasso S Cholinergic precursors modulate the expression of heme oxigenase-1, p21 during astroglial cell proliferation and differentiation in culture Neurochem Res 2012 37 2795 2804 22956150
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cacopardo B Pinzone MR Berretta S Localized and systemic bacterial infections in necrotizing pancreatitis submitted to surgical necrosectomy or percutaneous drainage of necrotic secretions BMC Surg 2013 13 Suppl 2 S50 24267612
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viggiano A Chieffi S Tafuri D Laterality of a second player position affects lateral deviation of basketball shooting J Sports Sci 2014 32 1 46 52 23876006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viggiano A Nicodemo U Viggiano E Mastication overload causes an increase in O2 - production into the subnucleus oralis of the spinal trigeminal nucleus Neuroscience 2010 166 2 416 421 20045451
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Istvan J Zavela K Weidner G Body weight and psychological distress in NHANES I Int J Obes Relat Metlab Discord 1992 16 12 999 1003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moscatelli F Valenzano A Petito A Relationship between blood lactate and cortical excitability between taekwondo atlete and non-athletes after hand-grip exercise Somatosens Mot Res 2016 33 2 137 144 27412765
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Messina G Monda V Moscatelli F Role of orexin system in obesity Biol Med 2015 7 248
   Google Scholar
• Ruberto M Precenzano F Parisi L Visuomotor integration skills in children affected by obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a case-control study Acta Medica Mediterranea 2016 32 1659 1663
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts RE Deleger S Strawbridge WJ Kaplan GA Prospective association between obesity and depression: evidence from the Alameda County Study Int J Obes 2003 27 4 514 521
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roccella M Salerno M Parisi L Borderline intellectual functioning and parental stress: an italian case-control study Acta Medica Mediterranea 2016 32 1762 1765
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cerretani D Bello S Cantatore S Acute administration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) induces oxidative stress, lipoperoxidation and TNFα-mediated apoptosis in rat liver Pharmacol Res 2011 64 5 517 527 21864684
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turillazzi E Greco P Neri M Pomara C Riezzo I Fineschi V Anaphylactic latex reaction during anaesthesia: the silent culprit in a fatal case Forensic Sci Int 2008 179 1 e5 8 18468822
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solfrizzi V Panza F Colacicco AM Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging Working Group Vascular risk factors, incidence of MCI, and rates of progression to dementia Neurology 2004 63 10 1882 1891 15557506
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gustafson DR Backman K Joas E 37 years of body mass index and dementia: observations from the prospective population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden J Alzheimers Dis 2012 28 163 171 21965312
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Besser LM Gill DP Monsell SE Body mass index, weight change, and clinical progression in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2014 28 36 43 24126214
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kivipelto M Ngandu T Fratiglioni L Obesity and vascular risk factors at midlife and the risk of dementia and Alzheimer disease Arch Neurol 2005 62 1556 1560 16216938
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitmer RA Gunderson EP Quesenberry CP Zhou J Yaffe K Body mass index in midlife and risk of Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia Curr Alzheimer Res 2007 4 103 109 17430231
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cournot M Marquie JC Ansiau D Martinaud C Fonds H Ferrieres J Ruidavets JB Relation between body mass index and cognitive function in healthy middle-aged men and women Neurology 2006 67 7 1208 1214 17030754
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yaffe K Kanaya A Lindquist K The metabolic syndrome, inflammation, and risk of cognitive decline JAMA 2004 292 18 2237 2242 15536110
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elias MF Elias PK Sullivan LM Wolf PA D’Agostino RB Lower cognitive function in the presence of obesity and hypertension: the Framingham heart study Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2003 27 2 260 268 12587008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gustafson DR Backman K Waern M Adiposity indicators and dementia over 32 years in Sweden Neurology 2009 73 19 1559 1566 19901247
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buchman AS Wilson RS Bienias JL Shah RC Evans DA Bennett DA Change in body mass index and risk of incident Alzheimer disease Neurology 2005 65 892 897 16186530
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stewart R Masaki K Xue QL A 32 year prospective study of change in body weight and incident dementia: the Honolulu-Asia aging study Arch Neurol 2005 62 55 60 15642850
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nourhashemi F Deschamps V Larrieu S Body mass index and incidence of dementia: the PAQUID study Neurology 2003 60 117 119 12525731
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freedman DM Ron E Ballard-Barbash R Doody MM Linet MS Body mass index and all-cause mortality in a nationwide US cohort Int J Obes (Lond) 2006 30 5 822 829 16404410
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curtis JP Selter JG Wang Y The obesity paradox: body mass index and outcomes in patients with heart failure Arch Intern Med 2005 165 55 61 15642875
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalantar-Zadeh K Abbott KC Salahudeen AK Kilpatrick RD Horwich TB Survival advantages of obesity in dialysis patients Am J Clin Nutr 2005 82 3 909 910 16210724
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson DK Wilkins CH Morris JC Accelerated weight loss may precede diagnosis in Alzheimer disease Arch Neurol 2006 63 9 1312 1317 16966511
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yaffe K Fiocco AJ Lindquist K Predictors of maintaining cognitive function in older adults: the Health ABC study Neurology 2009 72 23 2029 2035 19506226
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Komulainen P Lakka TA Kivipelto M Metabolic syndrome and cognitive function: a population-based follow-up study in elderly women Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2007 23 1 29 34 17068394
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sturman MT Mendes de Leon CF Bienias JL Morris MC Wilson RS Evans DA Body mass index and cognitive decline in a biracial community population Neurology 2008 70 360 367 17881716
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes TF Borenstein AR Schofield E Wu Y Larson EB Association between late-life body mass index and dementia: the Kame Project Neurology 2009 72 1741 1746 19451529
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dahl AK Lopponen M Isoaho R Berg S Kivela SL Overweight and obesity in old age are not associated with greater dementia risk J Am Geriatr Soc 2008 56 2261 2266 19093925
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deschamps V Astier X Ferry M Rainfray M Emeriau JP Barberger-Gateau P Nutritional status of healthy elderly persons living in Dordogne, France, and relation with mortality and cognitive or functional decline Eur J Clin Nutr 2002 56 4 305 312 11965506
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scarmeas N Luchsinger JA Schupf N Physical activity, diet, and risk of Alzheimer disease JAMA 2009 302 627 637 19671904
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• West NA Haan MN Body adiposity in late life and risk of dementia or cognitive impairment in a longitudinal communitybased study J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2009 64 1 103 109 19168781
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doruk H Naharci MI Bozoglu E Isik AT Kilic S The relationship between body mass index and incidental mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia in elderly J Nutr Health Aging 2010 14 10 834 838 21125201
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Messina G Di Bernardo G Viggiano A Exercise increases the level of plasma orexin A in humans J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2016 27 6 611 616 27665420
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Villano I Messina A Valenzano A Basal Forebrain Cholinergic System and Orexin Neurons: effects on attention Front Behav Neurosci 2017 11 10 28197081
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franco R Zappavigna S Gigantino V Urotensin II receptor determines prognosis of bladder cancer regulating cell motility/invasion J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2014 33 48 24893613
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chieffi S Iavarone A Iaccarino L Age-related differences in distractor interference on line bisection Exp Brain Res 2014 32 11 3659 3664
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Messina G Viggiano A Chieffi S Interaction between leptin and fat and its relationship to menopause Curr Topics Peptide Protein Res 2011 12 77 81
   Google Scholar
• Chieffi S Villano I Iavarone A Asymmetries of Visuospatial Attention in Schizophrenia J Psychiatry 2016 19 388
   Google Scholar
• Chieffi S Iavarone A La Marra M Memory for proprioceptive targets in bulimia nervosa J Psychiatry 2015 18 297
   Google Scholar