Do Mindfulness Interventions Improve Obesity Rates in Children and Adolescents: A Review of the Evidence

References

• Hales CM , Carroll MD , Fryar CD , Ogden CL . Prevalence of Obesity Among Adults and Youth: United States, 2015–2016. NCHS Data Brief . 2017;1:1–8.
   Google Scholar
• Jea S , Irby MB , Grzywacz JG , Miller G . Etiologies of Obesity in Children: nature and Nutrute. Pediatric Clin North Am . 2011;58(6):1333–1354. doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2011.09.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rea B . Severe childhood obesity: an under-recognized and growing health problem. Postgrad Med J . 2015;91(1081):639–645. doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2014-133033 26338983
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Apovian CM . Obesity: definition, comorbidities, causes, and burden. Am J Manag Care . 2016;22:s176–185.27356115
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marchi J , Berg M , Dencker A , Olander EK , Begley C . Risks associated with obesity in pregnancy, for the mother and baby: a systematic review of reviews. Obes Rev . 2015;16:621–638. doi:10.1111/obr.12288 26016557
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edlow AG . Maternal obesity and neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders in offspring. Prenat Diagn . 2017;37:95–110. doi:10.1002/pd.4932 27684946
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanvig M . Offspring body size and metabolic profile - effects of lifestyle intervention in obese pregnant women. Dan Med J . 2014;61:B4893.25123127
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kabat-Zinn J . Full Catastrophe Living: Using the Wisdom of Your Body and Mind to Face Stress, Pain, and Illness. Revised Edition . U.S.A: Bantam; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Burton A , Burgess C , Dean S , Koutsopoulou GZ , Hugh-Jones S . How Effective are Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Reducing Stress Among Healthcare Professionals? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Stress Health . 2017;33:3–13. doi:10.1002/smi.2673 26916333
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oikonomou MT , Arvanitis M , Sokolove RL . Mindfulness training for smoking cessation: a meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials. J Health Psychol . 2017;22:1841–1850. doi:10.1177/1359105316637667 27044630
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hofmann SG , Gómez AF . Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Anxiety and Depression. Psychiatr Clin North Am . 2017;40:739–749. doi:10.1016/j.psc.2017.08.008 29080597
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geiker NRW , Astrup A , Hjorth MF , Sjödin A , Pijls L , Markus CR . Does stress influence sleep patterns, food intake, weight gain, abdominal obesity and weight loss interventions and vice versa? Obes Rev . 2018;19:81–97. doi:10.1111/obr.12603 28849612
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ulijaszek SJ. Human eating behaviour in an evolutionary ecological context. Proceedings of Nutrition Society. 2002;61(4):517–526. doi:10.1079/PNS2002180
   Google Scholar
• Mela DJ . Eating behaviour, food preferences and dietary intake in relation to obesity and body-weight status. Proc Nutr Soc . 1996;55:803–816. doi:10.1079/PNS19960080 9004325
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katterman SN , Kleinman BM , Hood MM , Nackers LM , Corsica JA . Mindfulness meditation as an intervention for binge eating, emotional eating, and weight loss: a systematic review. Eat Behav . 2014;15:197–204. doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2014.01.005 24854804
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanh TN CLS. Mindful Eating Mindful Life . New York; 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Kawasaki Y , Akamatsu R . Appreciation for food, an important concept in mindful eating: association with home and school education, attitude, behavior, and health status in Japanese elementary school children. Glob Health Promot . 2019;3:1757975919875650.
   Google Scholar
• Beshara M , Hutchinson AD , Wilson C . Does mindfulness matter? Everyday mindfulness, mindful eating and self-reported serving size of energy dense foods among a sample of South Australian adults. Appetite . 2013;67:25–29. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2013.03.012 23548262
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan ZZZ . Mindful eating and its relationship with mental well-being. Procedia Soc Behav Sci . 2014;159:69–73. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.12.330
   Google Scholar
• Fung TT , Long MW , Hung P , Cheung LW . An expanded model for mindful eating for health promotion and sustainability: issues and challenges for dietetics practice. J Acad Nutr Diet . 2016;116:1081–1086. doi:10.1016/j.jand.2016.03.013 27130588
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fanning J , Osborn CY , Lagotte AE , Mayberry LS . Relationships between dispositional mindfulness, health behaviors, and hemoglobin A1c among adults with type 2 diabetes. J Behav Med . 2018;41:798–805. doi:10.1007/s10865-018-9938-3 29802533
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Medina WL , Wilson D , de Salvo V , et al. Effects of mindfulness on diabetes mellitus: rationale and overview. Curr Diabetes Rev . 2017;13:141–147. doi:10.2174/1573399812666160607074817 27280721
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar S , Croghan IT , Biggs BK , et al. Family-based mindful eating intervention in adolescents with obesity: a pilot randomized clinical trial. Children . 2018;2:5.
   Google Scholar
• Barnes VA , Kristeller JL . Impact of mindfulness-based eating awareness on diet and exercise habits in adolescents. Int J Complement Altern Med . 2016;1;3.
   Google Scholar
• Khoury B , Sharma M , Rush SE , Fournier C . Mindfulness-based stress reduction for healthy individuals: a meta-analysis. J Psychosom Res . 2015;78:519–528. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.03.009 25818837
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armani Kian A , Vahdani B , Noorbala AA , et al. The Impact of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Emotional Wellbeing and Glycemic Control of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Res . 2018;2018:1986820. doi:10.1155/2018/1986820 29984258
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verweij H , Waumans RC , Smeijers D , et al. Mindfulness-based stress reduction for GPs: results of a controlled mixed methods pilot study in Dutch primary care. Br J Gen Pract . 2016;66:e99–105. doi:10.3399/bjgp16X683497 26823271
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zenner C , Herrnleben-Kurz S , Walach H . Mindfulness-based interventions in schools-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Psychol . 2014;5:603. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00603 25071620
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jastreboff AM , Chaplin TM , Finnie S , et al. Preventing Childhood Obesity Through a Mindfulness-Based Parent Stress Intervention: a Randomized Pilot Study. J Pediatr . 2018;202:136–142.e131. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.07.011 30241766
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shomaker LB , Bruggink S , Pivarunas B , et al. Pilot randomized controlled trial of a mindfulness-based group intervention in adolescent girls at risk for type 2 diabetes with depressive symptoms. Complement Ther Med . 2017;32:66–74. doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2017.04.003 28619307
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Field T . Yoga clinical research review. Complement Ther Clin Pract . 2011;17:1–8. doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2010.09.007 21168106
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cramer H , Ward L , Steel A , Lauche R , Dobos G , Zhang Y . Prevalence, Patterns, and Predictors of Yoga Use: results of a U.S. Nationally Representative Survey. Am J Prev Med . 2016;50:230–235. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2015.07.037 26497261
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Black LI , Clarke TC , Barnes PM , Stussman BJ , Nahin RL . Use of complementary health approaches among children aged 4–17 years in the United States: national Health Interview Survey, 2007–2012. Natl Health Stat Report . 2015;54:1–19.
   Google Scholar
• Cramer H , Lauche R , Dobos G . Characteristics of randomized controlled trials of yoga: a bibliometric analysis. BMC Complement Altern Med . 2014;14:328.25183419
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rioux JG , Ritenbaugh C . Narrative review of yoga intervention clinical trials including weight-related outcomes. Altern Ther Health Med . 2013;19:32–46.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lauche R , Langhorst J , Lee MS , Dobos G , Cramer H . A systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of yoga on weight-related outcomes. Prev Med . 2016;87:213–232. doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.03.013 27058944
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galantino ML , Galbavy R , Quinn L . Therapeutic effects of yoga for children: a systematic review of the literature. Pediatr Phys Ther . 2008;20:66–80. doi:10.1097/PEP.0b013e31815f1208 18300936
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Birdee GS , Yeh GY , Wayne PM , Phillips RS , Davis RB , Gardiner P . Clinical applications of yoga for the pediatric population: a systematic review. Acad Pediatr . 2009;9:212–220.e211-219. doi:10.1016/j.acap.2009.04.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McClafferty HH . Integrative approach to obesity. Pediatr Clin North Am . 2007;54:969–981. doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2007.10.006 18061786
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hainsworth KR , Liu XC , Simpson PM , et al. A pilot study of Iyengar yoga for pediatric obesity: effects on gait and emotional functioning. Children . 2018;3:5.
   Google Scholar
• Benavides S , Caballero J . Ashtanga yoga for children and adolescents for weight management and psychological well being: an uncontrolled open pilot study. Complement Ther Clin Pract . 2009;15:110–114. doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2008.12.004 19341991
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Slawta J , Bentley J , Smith J , Kelly J , Syman-Degler L . Promoting healthy lifestyles in children: a pilot program of be a fit kid. Health Promot Pract . 2008;9:305–312. doi:10.1177/1524839906289221 16803930
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Seo DY , Lee S , Figueroa A , et al. Yoga training improves metabolic parameters in obese boys. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol . 2012;16:175–180. doi:10.4196/kjpp.2012.16.3.175 22802698
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaley-Isley LC , Peterson J , Fischer C , Peterson E . Yoga as a complementary therapy for children and adolescents: a guide for clinicians. Psychiatry . 2010;7:20–32.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Koenig HG . Religion, spirituality, and health: a review and update. Adv Mind Body Med . 2015;29:19–26.26026153
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cline KM , Ferraro KF . Does Religion Increase the Prevalence and Incidence of Obesity in Adulthood? J Sci Study Relig . 2006;45:269–281. doi:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2006.00305.x 22639467
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith C , Denton ML . Soul Searching: The Religious and Spiritual Lives of American Teenagers . Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Rew L , Wong YJ . A systematic review of associations among religiosity/spirituality and adolescent health attitudes and behaviors. J Adolesc Health . 2006;38:433–442. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2005.02.004 16549305
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Limbers CA , Young D , Bryant W , Stephen M . Associations between family religious practices, internalizing/externalizing behaviors, and body mass index in obese youth. Int J Psychiatry Med . 2015;49:215–226. doi:10.1177/0091217415582191 25921774
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruce MA , Beech BM , Wilder T , et al. Religiosity and Excess Weight Among African-American Adolescents: the Jackson Heart KIDS Study. J Relig Health . 2020;59:223–233.30649707
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linehan MM . Dialectical behavior therapy for borderline personality disorder. Theory and method. Bull Menninger Clin . 1987;51:261–276.3580661
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linehan MM . Dialectical behavior therapy for treatment of borderline personality disorder: implications for the treatment of substance abuse. NIDA Res Monogr . 1993;137:201–216.8289922
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Linehan MM , Schmidt H , Dimeff LA , Craft JC , Kanter J , Comtois KA . Dialectical behavior therapy for patients with borderline personality disorder and drug-dependence. Am J Addict . 1999;8:279–292. doi:10.1080/105504999305686 10598211
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linehan MM , Dimeff LA , Reynolds SK , et al. Dialectical behavior therapy versus comprehensive validation therapy plus 12-step for the treatment of opioid dependent women meeting criteria for borderline personality disorder. Drug Alcohol Depend . 2002;67:13–26. doi:10.1016/S0376-8716(02)00011-X 12062776
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehlum L , Tørmoen AJ , Ramberg M , et al. Dialectical behavior therapy for adolescents with repeated suicidal and self-harming behavior: a randomized trial. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry . 2014;53:1082–1091. doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2014.07.003 25245352
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moran LR , Kaplan C , Aguirre B , et al. Treatment effects following residential dialectical behavior therapy for adolescents with borderline personality disorder. Evid Based Pract Child Adolesc Ment Health . 2018;3:117–128. doi:10.1080/23794925.2018.1476075 30778398
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fischer S , Peterson C . Dialectical behavior therapy for adolescent binge eating, purging, suicidal behavior, and non-suicidal self-injury: a pilot study. Psychotherapy . 2015;52:78–92. doi:10.1037/a0036065 24773094
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peterson CM , Van Diest AMK , Mara CA , Matthews A . Dialectical behavioral therapy skills group as an adjunct to family-based therapy in adolescents with restrictive eating disorders. Eat Disord . 2020;28:67–79. doi:10.1080/10640266.2019.1568101 30669955
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamody RC , Thurston IB , Pluhar EI , Han JC , Burton ET . Implementing a condensed dialectical behavior therapy skills group for binge-eating behaviors in adolescents. Eat Weight Disord . 2019;24:367–372. doi:10.1007/s40519-018-0580-4 30242784
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pennell A , Webb C , Agar P , Federici A , Couturier J . Implementation of dialectical behavior therapy in a day hospital setting for adolescents with eating disorders. J Can Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry . 2019;28:21–29.31001348
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Himes SM , Grothe KB , Clark MM , Swain JM , Collazo-Clavell ML , Sarr MG . Stop regain: a pilot psychological intervention for bariatric patients experiencing weight regain. Obes Surg . 2015;25:922–927. doi:10.1007/s11695-015-1611-0 25750006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar