Precursors to invasive pancreatic cancer

References

• Vincent A, Herman J, Schulick R, Hruban RH, Goggins M. Pancreatic cancer. Lancet. 2011;378(9791):607–620.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yachida S, Jones S, Bozic I, et al. Distant metastasis occurs late during the genetic evolution of pancreatic cancer. Nature. 2010;467(7319):1114–1117.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh M, Maitra A. Precursor lesions of pancreatic cancer: molecular pathology and clinical implications. Pancreatology. 2007;7(1):9–19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takaori K. Current understanding of precursors to pancreatic cancer. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2007;14(3):217–223.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hruban RH, Adsay NV, Albores-Saavedra J, et al. Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia: a new nomenclature and classification system for pancreatic duct lesions. Am JSurg Pathol. 2001;25(5):579–586.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hruban RH, Takaori K, Klimstra DS, et al. An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms. Am J Surg Pathol. 2004;28(8):977–987.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cubilla AL, Fitzgerald PJ. Morphological lesions associated with human primary invasive nonendocrine pancreas cancer. Cancer Res. 1976;36(7 PT 2):2690–2698.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takaori K, Matsusue S, Fujikawa T, et al. Carcinoma in situ of the pancreas associated with localized fibrosis: a clue to early detection of neoplastic lesions arising from pancreatic ducts. Pancreas. 1998;17(1):102–105.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andea A, Sarkar F, Adsay VN. Clinicopathological correlates of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia: a comparative analysis of 82 cases with and 152 cases without pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Mod Pathol. 2003;16(10):996–1006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maitra A, Adsay NV, Argani P, et al. Multicomponent analysis of the pancreatic adenocarcinoma progression model using a pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia tissue microarray. Mod Pathol. 2003;16(9):902–912.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adsay NV Merati K, Andea A, et al. The dichotomy in the preinvasive neoplasia to invasive carcinoma sequence in the pancreas: differential expression of MUC1 and MUC2 supports the existence of two separate pathways of carcinogenesis. Mod Pathol. 2002;15(10):1087–1095.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moriya T, Kimura W, Semba S, et al. Biological similarities and differences between pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms. Int J Gastrointest Cancer. 2005;35(2):111–119.
   Google Scholar
• Nagata K, Horinouchi M, Saitou M, et al. Mucin expression profile in pancreatic cancer and the precursor lesions. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2007;14(3):243–254.
   Google Scholar
• van Heek NT, Meeker AK, Kern SE, et al. Telomere shortening is nearly universal in pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Am J Pathol. 2002;161(5):1541–1547.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanda M, Matthaei H, Wu J, et al. Presence of somatic mutations in most early-stage pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Gastroenterology. 2012;142(4):730–733.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilentz RE, Geradts J, Maynard R, et al. Inactivation of the p16 (INK4A) tumor-suppressor gene in pancreatic duct lesions: loss of intranuclear expression. Cancer Res. 1998;58(20):4740–4744.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamano M, Fujii H, Takagaki T, Kadowaki N, Watanabe H, Shirai T. Genetic progression and divergence in pancreatic carcinoma. Am J Pathol. 2000;156(6):2123–2133.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryu JK, Hong SM, Karikari CA, Hruban RH, Goggins MG, Maitra A. Aberrant MicroRNA-155 expression is an early event in the multistep progression of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Pancreatology. 2010;10(1):66–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sato N, Fukushima N, Hruban RH, Goggins M. CpG island methylation profile of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Mod Pathol. 2008;21(3):238–244.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brune K, Abe T, Canto M, et al. Multifocal neoplastic precursor lesions associated with lobular atrophy of the pancreas in patients having a strong family history of pancreatic cancer. Am J Surg Pathol. 2006;30(9):1067–1076.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Detlefsen S, Sipos B, Feyerabend B, Klöppel G. Pancreatic fibrosis associated with age and ductal papillary hyperplasia. Virchows Arch. 2995;447:800–805.
   Google Scholar
• Brat DJ, Lillemoe KD, Yeo CJ, Warfield PB, Hruban RH. Progression of pancreatic intraductal neoplasias to infiltrating adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Am JSurg Pathol. 2005;447(5):800–805.
   Google Scholar
• Matthaei H, Hong SM, Mayo SC, et al. Presence of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia in the pancreatic transection margin does not influence outcome in patients with R0 resected pancreatic cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2011;18(12):3493–3499.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Furukawa T, Klöppel G, Volkan Adsay N, et al. Classification of types of intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas: a consensus study. Virchows Arch. 2005;447(5):794–799.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hruban RH, Takaori K, Klimstra DS, et al. An illustrated consensus on the classification of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms. Am J Surg Pathol. 2004;28(8):977–987.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi C, Klein AP, Goggins M, et al. Increased prevalence of precursor lesions in familial pancreatic cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res. 2009;15(24):7737–7743.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kobari M, Egawa S, Shibuya K, et al. Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas comprise 2 clinical subtypes: differences in clinical characteristics and surgical management. Arch Surg. 1999;134(10):1131–1136.
   Google Scholar
• Tanaka M, Chari S, Adsay V, et al; for International Association of Pancreatology. International consensus guidelines for management of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and mucinous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas. Pancreatology. 2006;6(1–2):17–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salvia R, Fernandez-del Castillo C, Bassi C, et al. Main-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas: clinical predictors of malignancy and long-term survival following resection. Ann Surg. 2004;239(5):678–685.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hruban RH, Pitman MB, Klimstra DS. Tumors of the Pancreas. Washington, DC: American Registry of Pathology; 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Ishida M, Egawa S, Aoki T, et al. Characteristic clinicopathological features of the types of intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas. Pancreas. 2007;35(4):348–352.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernández-del Castillo C, Adsay NV. Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas. Gastroenterology. 2010;139(3):708–713, 713. e1-e2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishida M, Egawa S, Kawaguchi K, et al. Synchronous and metachronous extrapancreatic malignant neoplasms in patients with intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas. Pancreatology. 2008;8(6):577–582.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iacobuzio-Donahue CA, Klimstra DS, Adsay NV, et al. Dpc-4 protein is expressed in virtually all human intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas: comparison with conventional ductal adenocarcinomas. Am J Pathol. 2000;157(3):755–761.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sahin F, Maitra A, Argani P, et al. Loss of Stk11/Lkb1 expression in pancreatic and biliary neoplasms. Mod Pathol. 2003;16(7):686–691.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schönleben F, Allendorf JD, Qiu W, et al. Mutational analyses of multiple oncogenic pathways in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas. Pancreas. 2008;36(2):168–172.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu J, Matthaei H, Maitra A, et al. Recurrent GNAS mutations define an unexpected pathway for pancreatic cyst development. Sci Transl Med. 2011;3(92):92ra66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weinstein LS, Liu J, Sakamoto A, Xie T, Chen M. Minireview: GNAS: normal and abnormal functions. Endocrinology. 2004;145(12):5459–5464.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Furukawa T, Kuboki Y, Tanji E, et al. Whole-exome sequencing uncovers frequent GNAS mutations in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas. Sci Rep. 2011;1:161.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pais SA, Attasaranya S, Leblanc JK, Sherman S, Schmidt CM, DeWitt J. Role of endoscopic ultrasound in the diagnosis of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms: correlation with surgical histopathology. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007;5(4):489–495.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vander Noot MR 3rd, Eloubeidi MA, Chen VK, et al. Diagnosis of gastrointestinal tract lesions by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Cancer. 2004;102(3):157–163.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guarise A, Faccioli N, Ferrari M, et al. Evaluation of serial changes of pancreatic branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms by follow-up with magnetic resonance imaging. Cancer Imaging. 2008;8:220–228.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bassi C, Sarr MG, Lillemoe KD, Reber HA. Natural history of intraduc – tal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN): current evidence and implications for management. J Gastrointest Surg. 2008;12(4):645–650.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamaguchi K, Tanaka M. Radiologic imagings of cystic neoplasms of the pancreas. Pancreatology. 2001;1(6):633–636.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoon LS, Catalano OA, Fritz S, Ferrone CR, Hahn PF, Sahani DV Another dimension in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography: comparison of 2- and 3-dimensional magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography for the evaluation of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2009;33(3):363–368.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crippa S, Fernández-Del Castillo C, Salvia R, et al. Mucin-producing neoplasms of the pancreas: an analysis of distinguishing clinical and epidemiologic characteristics. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010;8(2):213–219.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allen PJ, Brennan MF The management of cystic lesions of the pancreas. Adv Surg. 2007;41:211–228.
   Google Scholar
• Sugiyama M, Suzuki Y, Abe N, Mori T, Atomi Y. Management of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas. J Gastroenterol. 2008;43(3):181–185.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez JR, Salvia R, Crippa S, et al. Branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms: observations in 145 patients who underwent resection. Gastroenterology. 2007;133(1):72–79.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salvia R, Crippa S, Falconi M, et al. Branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas: to operate or not to operate? Gut. 2007;56(8):1086–1090.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schnelldorfer T, Sarr MG, Nagorney DM, et al. Experience with 208 resections for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas. Arch Surg. 2008;143(7):639–646.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Correa-Gallego C, Ferrone CR, Thayer SP, et al. Incidental pancreatic cysts: do we really know what we are watching? Pancreatology. 2010;10(2–3):144–150.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salvia R, Partelli S, Crippa S, et al. Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas with multifocal involvement of branch ducts. Am J Surg. 2009;198(5):709–714.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernández-del Castillo C. Mucinous cystic neoplasms. J Gastrointest Surg. 2008;12(3):411^13.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamao K, Yanagisawa A, Takahashi K, et al. Clinicopathological features and prognosis of mucinous cystic neoplasm with ovarian- type stroma: a multi-institutional study of the Japan pancreas society. Pancreas. 2011;40(1):67–71.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scarlett CJ, Salisbury EL, Biankin AV, Kench J. Precursor lesions in pancreatic cancer: morphological and molecular pathology. Pathology. 2011;43(3):183–200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu J, Jiao Y, Dal Molin M, et al. Whole-exome sequencing of neoplastic cysts of the pancreas reveals recurrent mutations in components of ubiquitin-dependent pathways. Proc Natl Acad Sci U SA. 2011;108(52):21188–21193.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hao HX, Xie Y, Zhang Y, et al. ZNRF3 promotes W nt receptor turnover in an R-spondin-sensitive manner. Nature. 2012;485(7397):195–200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott J, Martin I, Redhead D, Hammond P, Garden OJ. Mucinous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas: imaging features and diagnostic difficulties. Clin Radiol. 2000;55(3):187–192.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilentz RE, Albores-Saavedra J, Hruban RH. Mucinous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas. Semin Diagn Pathol. 2000;17(1):31–42.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthaei H, Schulick RD, Hruban RH, Maitra A. Cystic precursors to invasive pancreatic cancer. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011;8(3):141–150.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi C, Hruban RH, Klein AP. Familial pancreatic cancer. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2009;133(3):365–374.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi C, Klein AP, Goggins M, et al. Increased prevalence of precursor lesions in familial pancreatic cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res. 2009;15(24):7737–7743.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Canto MI, Goggins M, Hruban RH, et al. Screening for early pancreatic neoplasia in high-risk individuals: a prospective controlled study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;4(6):766–781.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi C, Fukushima N, Abe T, et al. Sensitive and quantitative detection of KRAS2 gene mutations in pancreatic duct juice differentiates patients with pancreatic cancer from chronic pancreatitis, potential for early detection. Cancer Biol Ther. 2008;7(3):353–360.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi C, Fukushima N, Abe T, et al. Sensitive and quantitative detection of KRAS2 gene mutations in pancreatic duct juice differentiates patients with pancreatic cancer from chronic pancreatitis, potential for early detection. Cancer Biol Ther. 2008;7(3):353–360.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marchese R, Muleti A, Brozzetti S, Gandini O, Brunetti E, French D. Low value of detection of KRAS2 mutations in circulating DNA to differentiate chronic pancreatitis to pancreatic cancer. Br J Cancer. 2004;90(11):2243.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bian Y, Matsubayashi H, Li CP, et al. Detecting low-abundance p16 and p53 mutations in pancreatic juice using a novel assay: heteroduplex analysis of limiting dilution PCRs. Cancer Biol Ther. 2006;5(10):1392–1399.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fukushima N, Walter KM, Uek T, et al. Diagnosing pancreatic cancer using methylation specific PCR analysis of pancreatic juice. Cancer Biol Ther. 2003;2(1):78–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthaei H, HM, Wylie D, Lloyd MB, et al. MicroRNA biomarkers in cyst fluid augment the diagnosis and management of pancreatic cysts. Clin Cancer Res. June 21, 2012. [Epub ahead of print.]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar