Virological Treatment Failure Among Adult HIV/AIDS Patients from Selected Hospitals of North Shoa Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia

References

• El Programa Conjunto de las Naciones Unidas sobre el VIH/SIDA (ONUSIDA). Fact sheet - WORLD AIDS DAY 2018. 2017 Global HIV Statistics. El Programa Conjunto las Nac Unidas sobre el VIH/SIDA (ONUSIDA); 2018:6 Available from: http://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/UNAIDS_FactSheet_en.pdf. Accessed 1130, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Averting Hiv and Aids. Global HIV and AIDS Statistics | AVERT; 2018.
   Google Scholar
• UNAIDS. FACT SHEET – World AIDS Day 2018 Global HIV and AIDS Statistics. Unaids; 2018:1–6.
   Google Scholar
• Ethiopian Pubilc Health Institute. HIV Related Estimates and Projections for Ethiopia; 2017.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. Global Statistics | HIV.gov; 2017 Available from: https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/overview/data-and-trends/global-statistics. Accessed 1130, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Pollakis G, Abebe A, Kliphuis A, et al. Recombination of HIV type 1C (C’/C”) in Ethiopia: possible link of EthHIV-1C’ to subtype C sequences from the high-prevalence epidemics in India and Southern Africa. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2003;19(11):999–1008. doi:10.1089/08892220332258835014678607
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abebe A, Kuiken CL, Goudsmit J, et al. HIV type 1 subtype C in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1997;13(12):1071–1075. doi:10.1089/aid.1997.13.10719264295
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tully DC, Wood C. Chronology and evolution of the HIV-1 subtype C epidemic in Ethiopia. AIDS. 2010;24(10):1577–1582. doi:10.1097/QAD.0b013e32833999e120539092
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Global action plan on HIV drug resistance 2017–2021; 2017 Available from::http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/255896/9789241512831-eng.pdf?sequence=1. Accessed 1130, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, UNAIDS 2017. Ending aids progress towards the 90- 90-90Targets. Glob Aids Update. 2017;198.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Consolidated Guidelines on the Use of ART Drugs for Treating and Preventing HIV Infection. Vol. 16 Geneva: World Health Organization; 6 2016:1–272
   Google Scholar
• WHO. Global report on early warning indicators of HIV drug resistance. World Health Organ. 2016:9. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2018.06.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Federal Ministry of Health. National Guidelines for HIV Prevention, Treatment, and Care (2016); 2016. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.09.030
   Google Scholar
• WHO. Tackling HIV drug resistance: trends, guidelines, and global action. Policy Br. 2017;1–4.
   Google Scholar
• Gupta RK, Gregson J, Parkin N, et al. HIV-1 drug resistance before initiation or re-initiation of first-line antiretroviral therapy in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018;18(3):346–355. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30702-829198909
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mpondo BC, Kilonzo SB, Meda JR, Gunda DW. Prevalence and predictors of Immunological failure among HIV-infected adults on HAART in Northwestern Tanzania: a cross-sectional study. Tanzania Med J. 2016;27(1):55–69. doi:10.4314/tmj.v27i1.188
   Google Scholar
• Genet Gebrehiwet H, Dawit Gebregziabher H, Amlsha Kahsay H, Araya Gebreyesus W, Tsehaye Asmelash D. Virological and immunological failure of HAART and associated risk factors among adults and adolescents in the Tigray region of Northern Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2018;13(5).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de La Hoz JM, Bolaño L, Cárdenas O, et al. Characterization of treatment failure in HIV positive patients in the Colombian Caribbean region. Colomb Med. 2014;45(4):162–167. doi:10.25100/cm.v45i4.1566
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murillo W, de Rivera IL, Parham L, et al. Prevalence of drug resistance and the importance of viral load measurements in Honduran HIV-infected patients failing antiretroviral treatment. HIV Med. 2010;11(2):95–103. doi:10.1111/j.1468-1293.2009.00747.x19686436
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma Y, Zhao D, Yu L, et al. Predictors of virologic failure in HIV-1-infected adults receiving first-line antiretroviral therapy in 8 provinces in China. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;50(2):264–271. doi:10.1086/64921520017637
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO (World Health Organisation). Guidance on operations and service delivery In: Consolidated Guidelines on the Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating and Preventing Hiv Infection; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. WHOQOL-HIV Instrument User’s Manual: Scoring and Coding for the WHOQOL-HIV Instruments; 2002.
   Google Scholar
• Gare J, Kelly-Hanku A, Ryan CE, et al. Factors influencing antiretroviral adherence and virological outcomes in people living with HIV in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea. PLoS One. 2015;10(8):e0134918. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.013491826244516
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gidey Brhane B, Nibret E, Kahsu Abay G. HIV/AIDS treatment failure and its determinant factors among first line HAART patients at Felege-Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia. J AIDS Clin Res. 2017;8(11). doi:10.4172/2155-6113.1000744
   Google Scholar
• Hassan AS, Nabwera HM, Mwaringa SM, et al. HIV-1 virologic failure and acquired drug resistance among first-line antiretroviral experienced adults at a rural HIV clinic in coastal Kenya: a cross-sectional study. AIDS Res Ther. 2014;11(1). doi:10.1186/1742-6405-11-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melsew YA, Terefe MW, Tessema GA, Ayele TA. Rate of immunological failure and its predictors among patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy at Debremarkos Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: a retrospective follows up study. J AIDS Clin Res. 2013;4(5). doi:10.4172/2155-6113.1000211
   Google Scholar
• Endalamaw A, Mekonen M, Geremew D, Ambaw F, Hiwot Tesera TDH. Evidence that poor HAART adherence has a great impact on HIV/AIDS treatment failure more than the severity of illness and opportunity of infection in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis. bioRxiv. 2018. doi:10.1101/440743
   Google Scholar
• Ayalew MB, Kumilachew D, Belay A, et al. First-line antiretroviral treatment failure and associated factors in HIV patients at the University of Gondar teaching hospital, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. HIV/AIDS Res Palliat Care. 2016;8:141–146. doi:10.2147/HIV.S112048
   Google Scholar
• Bayu B, Tariku A, Bulti AB, Habitu YA, Derso T, Teshome DF. Determinants of virological failure among patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy at the University of Gondar Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: a case-control study. HIV/AIDS Res Palliat Care. 2017;9:153–159. doi:10.2147/HIV.S139516
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sisay C, Bekele A, Sisay A, et al. Incidence and predictors of anti-retroviral treatment (ART) failure among adults receiving HIV care at Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. J AIDS Clin Res. 2017;8(12). doi:10.4172/2155-6113.1000749
   Google Scholar
• Tsegaye AT, Wubshet M, Awoke T, Addis Alene K. Predictors of treatment failure on second-line antiretroviral therapy among adults in northwest Ethiopia: a multicentre retrospective follow-up study. BMJ Open. 2016;6(12):e012537. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012537
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abera K, Gedif T, Engidawork E, Gebre-Mariam T. Quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS and on highly active antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia. Afr J AIDS Res. 2010;9(1):31–40. doi:10.2989/16085906.2010.48456025860411
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar