98
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Research

Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 on Ocular Surface of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Using One-Step Reverse-Transcription Droplet Digital PCR

, , , , , , , , , , , & show all
Pages 5395-5401 | Published online: 15 Dec 2021

References

  • COVID-19 weekly epidemiological update World Health Organization; November 3, 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/weekly-epidemiological-update—3-november-2020. Accessed December 1, 2021.
  • Gorbalenya AE, Baker SC, Baric RS, et al. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: the species and its viruses – a statement of the coronavirus study group. bioRxiv Preprint. 2020. doi:10.1101/2020.02.07.937862
  • World Health Organization. Coronavirus; 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus. Accessed December 1, 2021.
  • Chen Y, Chen L, Deng Q, et al. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in feces of COVID-19 patients. J Med Virol. 2020;3:833–840. doi:10.1002/jmv.25825
  • Zhang X, Chen X, Chen L, et al. The evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection on ocular surface. Ocul Surf. 2020;18(3):360–362. doi:10.1016/j.jtos.2020.03.01032289466
  • Seah IYJ, Anderson DE, Kang AEZ, et al. Assessing viral shedding and infectivity of tears in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Ophthalmology. 2020;127:977. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.03.02632291098
  • Xia J, Tong J, Liu M, Shen Y, Guo D. Evaluation of coronavirus in tears and conjunctival secretions of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. J Med Virol. 2020;26:589–594. doi:10.1002/jmv.25725.
  • Zhou YY, Zeng YY, Tong YQ, Chen CZ. Ophthalmologic evidence against the interpersonal transmission of 2019 novel coronavirus through conjunctiva. medRxiv Preprint. 2020;2:929–936. doi:10.1101/2020.02.11.20021956.
  • Mahmoud H, Ammar H, El Rashidy A, et al. Coronavirus in the conjunctival tears and secretions in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Sohag Province, Egypt. Clin Ophthalmol. 2020;14:2701–2708. doi:10.2147/OPTH.S27000632982162
  • Hindson CM, Chevillet JR, Briggs HA, et al. Absolute quantification by droplet digital PCR versus analog real-time PCR. Nat Methods. 2013;10(10):1003–1005. doi:10.1038/nmeth.263323995387
  • Yu F, Yan L, Wang N, et al. Quantitative detection and viral load analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in infected patients. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;28:ciaa345. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa345
  • Racki N, Morisset D, Gutierrez-Aguirre I, Ravnikar M. One-step RT-droplet digital PCR: a breakthrough in the quantification of waterborne RNA viruses. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2014;406(3):661–667. doi:10.1007/s00216-013-7476-y24276251
  • Chen L, Wang G, Long X, et al. Dynamics of blood viral load is strongly associated with clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients: a prospective cohort study. J Mol Diagn. 2020;23(1):10–18.33122141
  • World Health Organization. Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected: interim guidance; 2020. WHO/2019-nCoV/clinical/2020.5.
  • Li Q, Guan X, Wu P, et al. Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(13):1199–1207. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa200131631995857
  • Wang W, Xu Y, Gao R, et al. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens. JAMA. 2020;323(18):1843–1844. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.378632159775
  • Scherz W, Doane MG, Dohlman CH. Tear volume in normal eyes and keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol. 1974;192(2):141–150. doi:10.1007/BF04107004548323
  • Sun Y, Pan X, Liu L, Ni RX. Expression of SARS coronavirus S protein functional receptor ACE2 in human and rabbit cornea and conjunctiva. Rec Adv Ophthalmol. 2004;24(5):332–336.
  • Wang Q, Zhang Y, Wu L, et al. Structural and functional basis of SARS-CoV-2 entry by using human ACE2. Cell. 2020;181(4):894–904.e9. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.04532275855
  • Wang K, Chen W, Zhou YS, et al. SARS-CoV-2 invades host cells via a novel route: CD147-spike protein. bioRxiv Preprint. 2020. doi:10.1101/2020.03.14.988345
  • Määttä M, Tervahartiala T, Kaarniranta K, et al. Immunolocalization of EMMPRIN (CD147) in the human eye and detection of soluble form of EMMPRIN in ocular fluids. Curr Eye Res. 2006;31(11):917–924. doi:10.1080/0271368060093229017114117
  • Gheblawi M, Wang K, Viveiros A, et al. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2: SARS-CoV-2 receptor and regulator of the renin-angiotensin system. Circ Res. 2020;126(10):1456–1474. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.120.31701532264791
  • Belser JA, Rota PA, Tumpey TM. Ocular tropism of respiratory viruses. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2013;77(1):144–156. doi:10.1128/MMBR.00058-1223471620
  • Pan Y, Zhang D, Yang P, Poon LLM, Wang Q. Viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020;20(4):411–412. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30113-432105638