The Role of Acupuncture and Its Related Mechanism in Treating Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome

References

• Rees J, Abrahams M, Doble A, Cooper A. Diagnosis and treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a consensus guideline. BJU Int. 2015;116(4):509–525. doi:10.1111/bju.13101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suskind AM, Berry SH, Ewing BA, Elliott MN, Suttorp MJ, Clemens JQ. The prevalence and overlap of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome in men: results of the RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology male study. J Urol. 2013;189(1):141–145. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2012.08.088
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krieger JN, Riley DE, Cheah PY, Liong ML, Yuen KH. Epidemiology of prostatitis: new evidence for a world-wide problem. World J Urol. 2003;21(2):70–74. doi:10.1007/s00345-003-0329-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liang CZ, Li HJ, Wang ZP, et al. The prevalence of prostatitis-like symptoms in China. J Urol. 2009;182(2):558–563. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2009.04.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ge S, Hu Q, Guo Y, Xu K, Xia G, Sun C. Potential alterations of functional connectivity analysis in the patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Neural Plast. 2021;2021:6690414. doi:10.1155/2021/6690414
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans-Durán B, Tripp DA, Campbell J, Doiron RC, Nickel JC. Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome-related pain symptoms and their impact on sexual functioning. Can Urol Assoc J. 2022;16(6):222–227. doi:10.5489/cuaj.7607
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crocetto F, Barone B, De Luca L, Creta M. Granulomatous prostatitis: a challenging differential diagnosis to take into consideration. Future Oncol. 2020;16(13):805–806. doi:10.2217/fon-2020-0185
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barone B, De Luca L, Napolitano L, et al. Lower urinary tract symptoms and mental health during COVID-19 pandemic. Arch Ital Urol Androl. 2022;94(1):46–50. doi:10.4081/aiua.2022.1.46
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mändar R, Korrovits P, Rahu K, et al. Dramatically deteriorated quality of life in men with prostatitis-like symptoms. Andrology. 2020;8(1):101–109. doi:10.1111/andr.12647
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pirola GM, Verdacchi T, Rosadi S, Annino F, De Angelis M. Chronic prostatitis: current treatment options. Res Rep Urol. 2019;11:165–174. doi:10.2147/RRU.S194679
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khattak AS, Raison N, Hawazie A, Khan A, Brunckhorst O, Ahmed K. Contemporary management of chronic prostatitis. Cureus. 2021;13(12):e20243. doi:10.7759/cureus.20243
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu M, Wazir J, Ullah R, et al. Phytotherapy and physical therapy in the management of chronic prostatitis-chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Int Urol Nephrol. 2019;51(7):1081–1088. doi:10.1007/s11255-019-02161-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yellepeddi VK, Radhakrishnan J, Radhakrishnan R. Penetration and pharmacokinetics of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in rat prostate tissue. Prostate. 2018;78(2):80–85. doi:10.1002/pros.23447
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaspar A, Silva J, Silva G, et al. Nonablative transurethral erbium: YAG laser treatment for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a prospective comparative study. Neurourol Urodyn. 2021;40(1):278–285. doi:10.1002/nau.24551
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang H, Zhao M, Zhang J, Yan B, Gao Q, Guo J. Traditional Chinese medicine regulates inflammatory factors in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a review. Integr Med Nephrol Androl. 2023;10:e00001. doi:10.1097/IMNA-D-22-00001
   Google Scholar
• Wang H, Lei X. Acupuncture for women with overactive bladder: perspective of traditional Chinese medicine and related mechanism. Int J Gen Med. 2023;16:1137–1148. doi:10.2147/IJGM.S406194
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wazir J, Ullah R, Li S, et al. Efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of chronic prostatitis-chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a review of the literature. Int Urol Nephrol. 2019;51(12):2093–2106. doi:10.1007/s11255-019-02267-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang SC, Hsu CH, Hsu CK, Yang SS, Chang SJ. The efficacy of acupuncture in managing patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Neurourol Urodyn. 2017;36(2):474–481. doi:10.1002/nau.22958
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Posadzki P, Zhang J, Lee MS, Ernst E. Acupuncture for chronic nonbacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a systematic review. J Androl. 2012;33(1):15–21. doi:10.2164/jandrol.111.013235
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Li J, Dong L, Yan X, et al. Is acupuncture another good choice for physicians in the treatment of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome? Review of the Latest Literature. Pain Res Manag. 2020;2020:5921038.
   Google Scholar
• Sun Y, Liu Y, Liu B, et al. Efficacy of acupuncture for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2021;174(10):1357–1366. doi:10.7326/M21-1814
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qin Z, Zang Z, Zhou K, et al. Acupuncture for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a randomized, sham acupuncture controlled trial. J Urol. 2018;200(4):815–822. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2018.05.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou M, Yang M, Chen L, et al. The effectiveness of long-needle acupuncture at acupoints BL30 and BL35 for CP/CPPS: a randomized controlled pilot study. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017;17(1):263. doi:10.1186/s12906-017-1768-2
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sahin S, Bicer M, Eren GA, et al. Acupuncture relieves symptoms in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a randomized, sham-controlled trial. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2015;18(3):249–254. doi:10.1038/pcan.2015.13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Küçük EV, Suçeken FY, Bindayı A, Boylu U, Onol FF, Gümüş E. Effectiveness of acupuncture on chronic prostatitis-chronic pelvic pain syndrome category IIIB patients: a prospective, randomized, nonblinded, clinical trial. Urology. 2015;85(3):636–640. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2014.11.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tugcu V, Tas S, Eren G, Bedirhan B, Karadag S, Tasci A. Effectiveness of acupuncture in patients with category IIIB chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a report of 97 patients. Pain Med. 2010;11(4):518–523. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4637.2009.00794.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee SH, Lee BC. Electroacupuncture relieves pain in men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: three-arm randomized trial. Urology. 2009;73(5):1036–1041. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2008.10.047
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee SW, Liong ML, Yuen KH, et al. Acupuncture versus sham acupuncture for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain. Am J Med. 2008;121(1):79.e71–77. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2007.07.033
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capodice JL, Jin Z, Bemis DL, et al. A pilot study on acupuncture for lower urinary tract symptoms related to chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain. Chin Med. 2007;2(1):1. doi:10.1186/1749-8546-2-1
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Honjo H, Kamoi K, Naya Y, et al. Effects of acupuncture for chronic pelvic pain syndrome with intrapelvic venous congestion: preliminary results. Int J Urol. 2004;11(8):607–612. doi:10.1111/j.1442-2042.2004.00868.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen R, Nickel JC. Acupuncture ameliorates symptoms in men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Urology. 2003;61(6):1156–1159; discussion 1159. doi:10.1016/S0090-4295(03)00141-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shoskes DA, Nickel JC, Rackley RR, Pontari MA. Clinical phenotyping in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome and interstitial cystitis: a management strategy for urologic chronic pelvic pain syndromes. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2009;12(2):177–183. doi:10.1038/pcan.2008.42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naveed M, Changxing L, Ihsan AU, et al. Therapeutic interventions to urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome and UPOINT system for clinical phenotyping: how far are we? Urologia. 2022;89(3):315–328. doi:10.1177/03915603211065301
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang GJ, Ayati MH, Zhang WB. Meridian studies in China: a systematic review. J Acupunct Meridian Stud. 2010;3(1):1–9. doi:10.1016/S2005-2901(10)60001-5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Han MJ, Zhao H, Jing XH, et al. Literature analysis of influence of different needle-retaining duration on acupuncture efficacy. Zhong yi za zhi. 2017;58(4):334–339.
   Google Scholar
• Wang C, Xiang AF, Chen MY, Liu S. Research progress on the immediate effect of acupuncture analgesia and related influencing factors. Shanghai J Acupunct Moxibustion. 2022;41(2):203–207.
   Google Scholar
• Lin LL, Wang LQ, Yang JW, et al. 针刺时效关系研究进展 [Researches status on time-effect of acupuncture]. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2019;39(5):565–570. Chinese. doi:10.13703/j.0255-2930.2019.05.029
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chen L, Zhang M, Liang C. Chronic prostatitis and pelvic pain syndrome: another autoimmune disease? Arch Immunol Ther Exp. 2021;69(1):24. doi:10.1007/s00005-021-00628-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu C, Ma Y, Guo Z, Gong C. Real-time analgesic effect of acupuncture at Shiqizhui (EX-B8) for primary dysmenorrhea with different needle-retaining time. Shanghai J Acupunct Moxibustion. 2014;33(10):901–902.
   Google Scholar
• Huang XY, Li J, Gu K, et al. 留针时间初探 [Discussion on the duration of needle retention]. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2019;39(4):445–450. Chinese. doi:10.13703/j.0255-2930.2019.04.027
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhang W, Fang Y, Shi M, Zhang M, Chen Y, Zhou T. Optimal acupoint and session of acupuncture for patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a meta-analysis. Transl Androl Urol. 2021;10(1):143–153. doi:10.21037/tau-20-913
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qin Z, Wu J, Xu C, et al. Long-term effects of acupuncture for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: systematic review and single-arm meta-analyses. Ann Transl Med. 2019;7(6):113. doi:10.21037/atm.2018.06.44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diener H-C, Kronfeld K, Boewing G, et al. Efficacy of acupuncture for the prophylaxis of migraine: a multicentre randomised controlled clinical trial. Lancet Neurol. 2006;5(4):310–316. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(06)70382-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linde K, Streng A, Jürgens S, et al. Acupuncture for patients with migraine: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2005;293(17):2118–2125. doi:10.1001/jama.293.17.2118
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen RC, Nickel JC. Acupuncture for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Curr Urol Rep. 2004;5(4):305–308. doi:10.1007/s11934-004-0057-z
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cabýoglu MT, Ergene N, Tan U. The mechanism of acupuncture and clinical applications. Int J Neurosci. 2006;116(2):115–125. doi:10.1080/00207450500341472
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee SW, Liong ML, Yuen KH, Leong WS, Khan NK, Krieger JN. Validation of a sham acupuncture procedure in a randomised, controlled clinical trial of chronic pelvic pain treatment. Acupunct Med. 2011;29(1):40–46. doi:10.1136/aim.2010.003137
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma Y, Li X, Li F, Yu W, Wang Z. 穴位埋线治疗男性慢性盆腔疼痛综合征临床研究 [Clinical research of chronic pelvic cavity pain syndrome treated with acupoint catgut embedding therapy]. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2015;35(6):561–566. Chinese.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wu X, Cheng K, Xu C, et al. Mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion on chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a narrative review of animal studies. Pain Res Manag. 2021;2021:2678242. doi:10.1155/2021/2678242
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shahed AR, Shoskes DA. Correlation of beta-endorphin and prostaglandin E2 levels in prostatic fluid of patients with chronic prostatitis with diagnosis and treatment response. J Urol. 2001;166(5):1738–1741. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(05)65664-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moon PD, Jeong HJ, Kim SJ, et al. Use of electroacupuncture at ST36 to inhibit anaphylactic and inflammatory reaction in mice. Neuroimmunomodulation. 2007;14(1):24–31. doi:10.1159/000107285
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee JH, Jang KJ, Lee YT, Choi YH, Choi BT. Electroacupuncture inhibits inflammatory edema and hyperalgesia through regulation of cyclooxygenase synthesis in both peripheral and central nociceptive sites. Am J Chin Med. 2006;34(6):981–988. doi:10.1142/S0192415X06004454
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang H, Yu X, Ren X, Tu Y. Electroacupuncture alters pain-related behaviors and expression of spinal prostaglandin E2 in a rat model of neuropathic pain. J Tradit Chin Med. 2016;36(1):85–91. doi:10.1016/S0254-6272(16)30013-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pontari MA, Ruggieri MR. Mechanisms in prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. J Urol. 2008;179(5 Suppl):S61–S67. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2008.03.139
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexander RB, Ponniah S, Hasday J, Hebel JR. Elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the semen of patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Urology. 1998;52(5):744–749. doi:10.1016/S0090-4295(98)00390-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nadler RB, Koch AE, Calhoun EA, et al. IL-1beta and TNF-alpha in prostatic secretions are indicators in the evaluation of men with chronic prostatitis. J Urol. 2000;164(1):214–218. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(05)67497-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yao M, Wang Q, Pan HL, Xu ZM, Song AQ. 针刺治疗卵巢早衰及对患者细胞因子 [Effect of acupuncture on the expressions of TNF-α and IFN-γ in patients with premature ovarian failure]. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2019;39(11):1181–1184. Chinese. doi:10.13703/j.0255-2930.2019.11.012
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Öztekin İ, Akdere H, Can N, Aktoz T, Arda E, Turan FN. Therapeutic effects of oligonol, acupuncture, and quantum light therapy in chronic nonbacterial prostatitis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:687196. doi:10.1155/2015/687196
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy SF, Schaeffer AJ, Thumbikat P. Immune mediators of chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Nat Rev Urol. 2014;11(5):259–269. doi:10.1038/nrurol.2014.63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gadi D, Griffith A, Tyekucheva S, et al. A T cell inflammatory phenotype is associated with autoimmune toxicity of the PI3K inhibitor duvelisib in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leukemia. 2022;36(3):723–732. doi:10.1038/s41375-021-01441-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• John H, Maake C, Barghorn A, Zbinden R, Hauri D, Joller-Jemelka HI. Immunological alterations in the ejaculate of chronic prostatitis patients: clues for autoimmunity. Andrologia. 2003;35(5):294–299. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0272.2003.tb00860.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bohn AB, Nederby L, Harbo T, et al. The effect of IgG levels on the number of natural killer cells and their Fc receptors in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Eur J Neurol. 2011;18(6):919–924. doi:10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03333.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quick ML, Wong L, Mukherjee S, Done JD, Schaeffer AJ, Thumbikat P. Th1-Th17 cells contribute to the development of uropathogenic Escherichia coli-induced chronic pelvic pain. PLoS One. 2013;8(4):e60987. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0060987
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ye C, Xiao G, Xu J, et al. Differential expression of immune factor between patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome and the healthy volunteers. Int Urol Nephrol. 2018;50(3):395–399. doi:10.1007/s11255-017-1763-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu AG, Li HZ, Yan XK, et al. 电针“三阴”穴对慢性非细菌性前列腺炎大鼠细胞免疫功能的影响 [Effect of electroacupuncture at “Sanyin” acupoints on cellular immune function in rats with chronic abacterial prostatitis]. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2013;38(3):192–197. Chinese.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yu Y, Kasahara T, Sato T, et al. Role of endogenous interferon-gamma on the enhancement of splenic NK cell activity by electroacupuncture stimulation in mice. J Neuroimmunol. 1998;90(2):176–186. doi:10.1016/S0165-5728(98)00143-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee SW, Liong ML, Yuen KH, Krieger JN. Acupuncture and immune function in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a randomized, controlled study. Complement Ther Med. 2014;22(6):965–969. doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2014.10.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar