Integrative Analysis of Single-Cell and Bulk RNA Sequencing Reveals Prognostic Characteristics of Macrophage Polarization-Related Genes in Lung Adenocarcinoma

References

• Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(3):209–249. doi:10.3322/caac.21660
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herbst RS, Morgensztern D, Boshoff C. The biology and management of non-small cell lung cancer. Nature. 2018;553(7689):446–454. doi:10.1038/nature25183
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicholson AG, Scagliotti G, Tsao MS, Yatabe Y, Travis WD. 2021 WHO Classification of Lung Cancer: a Globally Applicable and Molecular Biomarker-Relevant Classification. J Thorac Oncol. 2022;17(9):e80–e83. doi:10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munzel T, Hahad O, Kuntic M, Keaney JF, Deanfield JE, Daiber A. Effects of tobacco cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and waterpipe smoking on endothelial function and clinical outcomes. Eur Heart J. 2020;41(41):4057–4070. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa460
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Molina JR, Yang P, Cassivi SD, Schild SE, Adjei AA. Non-small cell lung cancer: epidemiology, risk factors, treatment, and survivorship. Mayo Clin Proc. 2008;83(5):584–594. doi:10.1016/S0025-6196(11)60735-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Field RW, Withers BL. Occupational and environmental causes of lung cancer. Clin Chest Med. 2012;33(4):681–703. doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2012.07.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen X, Wang L, Zhu L. Spatial Analysis of Regional Factors and Lung Cancer Mortality in China, 1973-2013. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2017;26(4):569–577. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-16-0922
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller M, Hanna N. Advances in systemic therapy for non-small cell lung cancer. BMJ. 2021;375:n2363. doi:10.1136/bmj.n2363
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pathria P, Louis TL, Varner JA. Targeting Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Cancer. Trends Immunol. 2019;40(4):310–327. doi:10.1016/j.it.2019.02.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balkwill F, Mantovani A. Inflammation and cancer: back to Virchow? Lancet. 2001;357(9255):539–545. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04046-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chittezhath M, Dhillon MK, Lim JY, et al. Molecular profiling reveals a tumor-promoting phenotype of monocytes and macrophages in human cancer progression. Immunity. 2014;41(5):815–829. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2014.09.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quail DF, Joyce JA. Microenvironmental regulation of tumor progression and metastasis. Nat Med. 2013;19(11):1423–1437. doi:10.1038/nm.3394
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanahan D, Coussens LM. Accessories to the crime: functions of cells recruited to the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Cell. 2012;21(3):309–322. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2012.02.022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mills CD, Kincaid K, Alt JM, Heilman MJ, Hill AM. Pillars Article: m-1/M-2 Macrophages and the Th1/Th2 Paradigm. J Immunol. 2017;199(7):2194–2201. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1701141
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordon S. Alternative activation of macrophages. Nat Rev Immunol. 2003;3(1):23–35. doi:10.1038/nri978
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mosser DM, Edwards JP. Exploring the full spectrum of macrophage activation. Nat Rev Immunol. 2008;8(12):958–969. doi:10.1038/nri2448
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan Y, Yu Y, Wang X, Zhang T. Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Tumor Immunity. Front Immunol. 2020;11:583084. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.583084
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruns H, Buttner M, Fabri M, et al. Vitamin D-dependent induction of cathelicidin in human macrophages results in cytotoxicity against high-grade B cell lymphoma. Sci Transl Med. 2015;7(282):282ra247. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aaa3230
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mantovani A, Marchesi F, Malesci A, Laghi L, Allavena P. Tumour-associated macrophages as treatment targets in oncology. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2017;14(7):399–416. doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.217
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu Q, Song J, Pan Y, et al. Wnt5a/CaMKII/ERK/CCL2 axis is required for tumor-associated macrophages to promote colorectal cancer progression. Int J Biol Sci. 2020;16(6):1023–1034. doi:10.7150/ijbs.40535
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang S, Ma L, Wang Z, et al. Lactate Dehydrogenase-A (LDH-A) Preserves Cancer Stemness and Recruitment of Tumor-Associated Macrophages to Promote Breast Cancer Progression. Front Oncol. 2021;11:654452. doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.654452
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee CH, Liu SY, Chou KC, et al. Tumor-associated macrophages promote oral cancer progression through activation of the Axl signaling pathway. Ann Surg Oncol. 2014;21(3):1031–1037. doi:10.1245/s10434-013-3400-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo Z, Song J, Hao J, et al. M2 macrophages promote NSCLC metastasis by upregulating CRYAB. Cell Death Dis. 2019;10(6):377. doi:10.1038/s41419-019-1618-x
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hwang I, Kim JW, Ylaya K, et al. Tumor-associated macrophage, angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis markers predict prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer patients. J Transl Med. 2020;18(1):443. doi:10.1186/s12967-020-02618-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Potter SS. Single-cell RNA sequencing for the study of development, physiology and disease. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2018;14(8):479–492. doi:10.1038/s41581-018-0021-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baslan T, Hicks J. Unravelling biology and shifting paradigms in cancer with single-cell sequencing. Nat Rev Cancer. 2017;17(9):557–569. doi:10.1038/nrc.2017.58
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mortazavi A, Williams BA, McCue K, Schaeffer L, Wold B. Mapping and quantifying mammalian transcriptomes by RNA-Seq. Nat Methods. 2008;5(7):621–628. doi:10.1038/nmeth.1226
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qi R, Ma A, Ma Q, Zou Q. Clustering and classification methods for single-cell RNA-sequencing data. Brief Bioinform. 2020;21(4):1196–1208. doi:10.1093/bib/bbz062
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yao W, Liu X, He Y, et al. ScRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq reveal the characteristics of ferroptosis and establish a risk signature in cholangiocarcinoma. Mol Ther Oncolytics. 2022;27:48–60. doi:10.1016/j.omto.2022.09.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang D, Lu W, Cui S, Mei H, Wu X, Zhuo Z. Establishment of an ovarian cancer omentum metastasis-related prognostic model by integrated analysis of scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq. J Ovarian Res. 2022;15(1):123. doi:10.1186/s13048-022-01059-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu X, Li J, Wang Q, et al. Analysis on heterogeneity of hepatocellular carcinoma immune cells and a molecular risk model by integration of scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq. Front Immunol. 2022;13:1012303. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1012303
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao J, Wang X, Zhu H, et al. Integrative Analysis of Bulk RNA-Seq and Single-Cell RNA-Seq Unveils Novel Prognostic Biomarkers in Multiple Myeloma. Biomolecules. 2022;12(12):1855. doi:10.3390/biom12121855
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao Y, Li M, Yang Y, et al. Identification of Macrophage Polarization-Related Genes as Biomarkers of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Based on Bioinformatics Analyses. Biomed Res Int. 2021;2021:9921012. doi:10.1155/2021/9921012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gribov A, Sill M, Luck S, et al. SEURAT: visual analytics for the integrated analysis of microarray data. BMC Med Genomics. 2010;3(1):21. doi:10.1186/1755-8794-3-21
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Becht E, McInnes L, Healy J, et al. Dimensionality reduction for visualizing single-cell data using UMAP. Nat Biotechnol. 2018. doi:10.1038/nbt.4314
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aran D, Looney AP, Liu L, et al. Reference-based analysis of lung single-cell sequencing reveals a transitional profibrotic macrophage. Nat Immunol. 2019;20(2):163–172. doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0276-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jin S, Guerrero-Juarez CF, Zhang L, et al. Inference and analysis of cell-cell communication using CellChat. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):1088. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21246-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu G, Wang LG, Han Y, He QY. clusterProfiler: an R package for comparing biological themes among gene clusters. OMICS. 2012;16(5):284–287. doi:10.1089/omi.2011.0118
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Love MI, Huber W, Anders S. Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2. Genome Biol. 2014;15(12):550. doi:10.1186/s13059-014-0550-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedman J, Hastie T, Tibshirani R. Regularization Paths for Generalized Linear Models via Coordinate Descent. J Stat Softw. 2010;33(1):1–22. doi:10.18637/jss.v033.i01
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hebert PD, Cywinska A, Ball SL, deWaard JR. Biological identifications through DNA barcodes. Proc Biol Sci. 2003;270(1512):313–321. doi:10.1098/rspb.2002.2218
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou S, Lu H, Xiong M. Identifying Immune Cell Infiltration and Effective Diagnostic Biomarkers in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Bioinformatics Analysis. Front Immunol. 2021;12:726747. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.726747
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borcherding N, Voigt AP, Liu V, Link BK, Zhang W, Jabbari A. Single-Cell Profiling of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Reveals Underlying Heterogeneity Associated with Disease Progression. Clin Cancer Res. 2019;25(10):2996–3005. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-18-3309
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin C, Xu JQ, Zhong GC, et al. Integrating RNA-seq and scRNA-seq to explore the biological significance of NAD + metabolism-related genes in the initial diagnosis and relapse of childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Front Immunol. 2022;13:1043111. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1043111
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Denisenko TV, Budkevich IN, Zhivotovsky B. Cell death-based treatment of lung adenocarcinoma. Cell Death Dis. 2018;9(2):117. doi:10.1038/s41419-017-0063-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mao X, Xu J, Wang W, et al. Crosstalk between cancer-associated fibroblasts and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment: new findings and future perspectives. Mol Cancer. 2021;20(1):131. doi:10.1186/s12943-021-01428-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hinshaw DC, Shevde LA. The Tumor Microenvironment Innately Modulates Cancer Progression. Cancer Res. 2019;79(18):4557–4566. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-18-3962
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu D, Yao L, Ding X, Zhou H. Multi-omics immune regulatory mechanisms in lung adenocarcinoma metastasis and survival time. Comput Biol Med. 2023;164:107333. doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107333
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qiu A, Xu H, Mao L, et al. A Novel apaQTL-SNP for the Modification of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Susceptibility across Histological Subtypes. Cancers. 2022;14(21):5309. doi:10.3390/cancers14215309
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shu J, Jiang J, Zhao G. Identification of novel gene signature for lung adenocarcinoma by machine learning to predict immunotherapy and prognosis. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1177847. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1177847
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson EN, Druey KM. Functional characterization of the G protein regulator RGS13. J Biol Chem. 2002;277(19):16768–16774. doi:10.1074/jbc.M200751200
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun X, Hou T, Cheung E, et al. Anti-inflammatory mechanisms of the novel cytokine interleukin-38 in allergic asthma. Cell Mol Immunol. 2020;17(6):631–646. doi:10.1038/s41423-019-0300-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han JI, Huang NN, Kim DU, Kehrl JH. RGS1 and RGS13 mRNA silencing in a human B lymphoma line enhances responsiveness to chemoattractants and impairs desensitization. J Leukoc Biol. 2006;79(6):1357–1368. doi:10.1189/jlb.1105693
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Islam TC, Asplund AC, Lindvall JM, et al. High level of cannabinoid receptor 1, absence of regulator of G protein signalling 13 and differential expression of Cyclin D1 in mantle cell lymphoma. Leukemia. 2003;17(9):1880–1890. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2403057
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kulik G. ADRB2-Targeting Therapies for Prostate Cancer. Cancers. 2019;11(3):358. doi:10.3390/cancers11030358
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang X, Zhang Y, He Z, et al. Chronic stress promotes gastric cancer progression and metastasis: an essential role for ADRB2. Cell Death Dis. 2019;10(11):788. doi:10.1038/s41419-019-2030-2
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Renz BW, Takahashi R, Tanaka T, et al. beta2 Adrenergic-Neurotrophin Feedforward Loop Promotes Pancreatic Cancer. Cancer Cell. 2018;33(1):75–90 e77. doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2017.11.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu FQ, Fang T, Yu LX, et al. ADRB2 signaling promotes HCC progression and sorafenib resistance by inhibiting autophagic degradation of HIF1alpha. J Hepatol. 2016;65(2):314–324. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2016.04.019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ji L, Xu F, Zhang J, et al. ADRB2 expression predicts the clinical outcomes and is associated with immune cells infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):15994. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-19991-y
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Song L, Chen Z, Zhang M, et al. DDIT4 overexpression associates with poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma. J Cancer. 2021;12(21):6422–6428. doi:10.7150/jca.60118
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song X, Liu B, Zhao G, et al. Streptococcus pneumoniae promotes migration and invasion of A549 cells in vitro by activating mTORC2/AKT through up-regulation of DDIT4 expression. Front Microbiol. 2022;13:1046226. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.1046226
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ly D, Zhu CQ, Cabanero M, Tsao MS, Zhang L. Role for High-Affinity IgE Receptor in Prognosis of Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients. Cancer Immunol Res. 2017;5(9):821–829. doi:10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-16-0392
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang JS, Hsiao JR, Chen CH. ALDH2 polymorphism and alcohol-related cancers in Asians: a public health perspective. J Biomed Sci. 2017;24(1):19. doi:10.1186/s12929-017-0327-y
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Li K, Guo W, Li Z, et al. ALDH2 Repression Promotes Lung Tumor Progression via Accumulated Acetaldehyde and DNA Damage. Neoplasia. 2019;21(6):602–614. doi:10.1016/j.neo.2019.03.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Y, Jiang L, Zhu Z, Fu B, Sun X, Jiao Y. Long Noncoding RNA SNHG16 Regulates the Growth of Human Lung Cancer Cells by Modulating the Expression of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2). J Oncol. 2022;2022:2411642. doi:10.1155/2022/2411642
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sivaparvathi M, Sawaya R, Gokaslan ZL, Chintala SK, Rao JS. Expression and the role of cathepsin H in human glioma progression and invasion. Cancer Lett. 1996;104(1):121–126. doi:10.1016/0304-3835(96)04242-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kos J, Stabuc B, Schweiger A, et al. H, and L and their inhibitors stefin A and cystatin C in sera of melanoma patients. Clin Cancer Res. 1997;3(10):1815–1822.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schweiger A, Christensen IJ, Nielsen HJ, Sorensen S, Brunner N, Kos J. Serum cathepsin H as a potential prognostic marker in patients with colorectal cancer. Int J Biol Markers. 2004;19(4):289–294. doi:10.1177/172460080401900406
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peng P, Chen JY, Zheng K, Hu CH, Han YT. Favorable Prognostic Impact of Cathepsin H (CTSH) High Expression in Thyroid Carcinoma. Int J Gen Med. 2021;14:5287–5299. doi:10.2147/IJGM.S327689
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schweiger A, Staib A, Werle B, et al. Cysteine proteinase cathepsin H in tumours and sera of lung cancer patients: relation to prognosis and cigarette smoking. Br J Cancer. 2000;82(4):782–788. doi:10.1054/bjoc.1999.0999
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu Y, Mu H, Deng Z. The transcription factor TEAD4 enhances lung adenocarcinoma progression through enhancing PKM2 mediated glycolysis. Cell Biol Int. 2021;45(10):2063–2073. doi:10.1002/cbin.11654
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao F, Yang D, Tang F, et al. Girdin Promotes Tumorigenesis and Chemoresistance in Lung Adenocarcinoma by Interacting with PKM2. Cancers. 2022;14(22):5688. doi:10.3390/cancers14225688
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen W, Li X, Du B, Cui Y, Ma Y, Li Y. The long noncoding RNA HOXA11-AS promotes lung adenocarcinoma proliferation and glycolysis via the microRNA-148b-3p/PKM2 axis. Cancer Med. 2022.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun H, Zhu A, Zhang L, Zhang J, Zhong Z, Wang F. Knockdown of PKM2 Suppresses Tumor Growth and Invasion in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci. 2015;16(10):24574–24587. doi:10.3390/ijms161024574
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu J, Peng Y, Wei W. Cell cycle on the crossroad of tumorigenesis and cancer therapy. Trends Cell Biol. 2022;32(1):30–44. doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2021.07.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sterlacci W, Fiegl M, Tzankov A. Prognostic and predictive value of cell cycle deregulation in non-small-cell lung cancer. Pathobiology. 2012;79(4):175–194. doi:10.1159/000336462
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gahete MD, Herman-Sanchez N, Fuentes-Fayos AC, Lopez-Canovas JL, Luque RM. Dysregulation of splicing variants and spliceosome components in breast cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2022;29(9):R123–R142. doi:10.1530/ERC-22-0019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sette C, Paronetto MP. Somatic Mutations in Core Spliceosome Components Promote Tumorigenesis and Generate an Exploitable Vulnerability in Human Cancer. Cancers. 2022;14(7):1827. doi:10.3390/cancers14071827
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang E, Aifantis I. RNA Splicing and Cancer. Trends Cancer. 2020;6(8):631–644. doi:10.1016/j.trecan.2020.04.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pelletier J, Thomas G, Volarević S. Volarevic S: ribosome biogenesis in cancer: new players and therapeutic avenues. Nat Rev Cancer. 2018;18(1):51–63. doi:10.1038/nrc.2017.104
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellisen LW, Ramsayer KD, Johannessen CM, et al. REDD1, a developmentally regulated transcriptional target of p63 and p53, links p63 to regulation of reactive oxygen species. Mol Cell. 2002;10(5):995–1005. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(02)00706-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Motlagh AV, Mahdevar M, Mirzaei S, et al. Introduction of mutant TP53 related genes in metabolic pathways and evaluation their correlation with immune cells, drug resistance and sensitivity. Life Sci. 2022;303:120650. doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120650
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Floyel T, Mirza AH, Kaur S, et al. The Rac2 GTPase contributes to cathepsin H-mediated protection against cytokine-induced apoptosis in insulin-secreting cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2020;518:110993. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2020.110993
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu Q, Chen H, Shen C, et al. Impact and potential mechanism of effects of chronic moderate alcohol consumption on cardiac function in aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene heterozygous mice. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2022;46(5):707–723. doi:10.1111/acer.14811
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Huang L, Wang Z, Chang Y, et al. EFEMP2 indicates assembly of M0 macrophage and more malignant phenotypes of glioma. Aging. 2020;12(9):8397–8412. doi:10.18632/aging.103147
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhang Y, Zou J, Chen R. An M0 macrophage-related prognostic model for hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer. 2022;22(1):791. doi:10.1186/s12885-022-09872-y
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Xie Z, Li X, He Y, et al. Immune Cell Confrontation in the Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Microenvironment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2020;11:570604. doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.570604
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong B, Wu C, Huang L, Qi Y. Macrophage-Related SPP1 as a Potential Biomarker for Early Lymph Node Metastasis in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021;9:739358. doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.739358
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu X, Wu S, Yang Y, Zhao M, Zhu G, Hou Z. The prognostic landscape of tumor-infiltrating immune cell and immunomodulators in lung cancer. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017;95:55–61. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li M, Zhao J, Yang R, et al. CENPF as an independent prognostic and metastasis biomarker corresponding to CD4+ memory T cells in cutaneous melanoma. Cancer Sci. 2022;113(4):1220–1234. doi:10.1111/cas.15303
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landskron J, Helland O, Torgersen KM, et al. Activated regulatory and memory T-cells accumulate in malignant ascites from ovarian carcinoma patients. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2015;64(3):337–347. doi:10.1007/s00262-014-1636-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhong R, Chen D, Cao S, Li J, Han B, Zhong H. Immune cell infiltration features and related marker genes in lung cancer based on single-cell RNA-seq. Clin Transl Oncol. 2021;23(2):405–417. doi:10.1007/s12094-020-02435-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonnema JD, Rivlin KA, Ting AT, Schoon RA, Abraham RT, Leibson PJ. Cytokine-enhanced NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Positive modulatory effects of IL-2 and IL-12 on stimulus-dependent granule exocytosis. J Immunol. 1994;152(5):2098–2104. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.152.5.2098
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xue Q, Wang Y, Zheng Q, et al. Prognostic value of tumor immune microenvironment factors in patients with stage I lung adenocarcinoma. Am J Cancer Res. 2023;13(3):950–963.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang S, Shi J, Ye Z, et al. Predicting EGFR mutation status in lung adenocarcinoma on computed tomography image using deep learning. Eur Respir J. 2019;53(3):1800986. doi:10.1183/13993003.00986-2018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Yang N, Zhang Y, et al. Effective Treatment of Lung Adenocarcinoma Harboring EGFR-Activating Mutation, T790M, and cis-C797S Triple Mutations by Brigatinib and Cetuximab Combination Therapy. J Thorac Oncol. 2020;15(8):1369–1375. doi:10.1016/j.jtho.2020.04.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar