Strategies to Improve Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy of Metal-Free Semiconducting Conjugated Polymers

References

• Hu JJ, Lei Q, Zhang X-Z. Recent advances in photonanomedicines for enhanced cancer photodynamic therapy. Prog Mater Sci. 2020;114:100685.doi:10.1016/j.pmatsci.2020.100685
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang G, Lan ZA, Wang X. Conjugated polymers: catalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Angew Chem Int. 2016;55(51):15712–15727. doi:10.1002/anie.201607375
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu W, Bazan GC, Liu B. Conjugated-polymer-amplified sensing, imaging, and therapy. Chem. 2017;2(6):760–790. doi:10.1016/j.chempr.2017.05.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fu X, Bai H, Lyu F, Liu L, Wang S. Conjugated polymer nanomaterials for phototherapy of cancer. Chem Res Chin Univ. 2020;36(2):237–242. doi:10.1007/s40242-020-0012-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meng Z, Hou W, Zhou H, Zhou L, Chen H, Wu C. Therapeutic considerations and conjugated polymer-based photosensitizers for photodynamic. Therapy Macromol Rapid Commun. 2018;39(5). doi:10.1002/marc.201700614
   Google Scholar
• Zuo J, Tu L, Li Q, et al. Near infrared light sensitive ultraviolet-blue nanophotoswitch for imaging-guided “off-on” therapy. ACS Nano. 2018;12(4):3217–3225. doi:10.1021/acsnano.7b07393
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martynenko IV, Kuznetsova VA, Orlova АO, et al. Chlorin e6-ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots based system as reagent for photodynamic therapy. Nanotechnology. 2015;26(5):055102. doi:10.1088/0957-4484/26/5/055102
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qi ZD, Li DW, Jiang P, Jiang FL, Cheah C. Biocompatible CdSe quantum dot-based photosensitizer under two-photon excitation for photodynamic therapy. J Mater Chem. 2011;21(8):2455–2458.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang Y, Pu K. Multimodal biophotonics of semiconducting polymer nanoparticles. Acc Chem Res. 2018;51(8):1840–1849. doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00242
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lan M, Zhao S, Xie Y, et al. Water-soluble polythiophene for two-photon excitation fluorescence imaging and photodynamic therapy of cancer. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2017;9(17):14590–14595. doi:10.1021/acsami.6b15537
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo L, Ge J, Liu Q, et al. Versatile polymer nanoparticles as two-photon-triggered photosensitizers for simultaneous cellular, deep-tissue imaging, and photodynamic therapy. Adv Healthcare Mater. 2017;6(12):1601431. doi:10.1002/adhm.201601431
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han HH, Wang CZ, Zang Y, Li J, James TD, He XP. Supramolecular core-glycoshell polythiophene nanodots for targeted imaging and photodynamic therapy. Chem Commun. 2017;53(70):9793–9796. doi:10.1039/C7CC04525E
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu P, Xu N, Tan C, et al. Light-induced translocation of a conjugated polyelectrolyte in cells: from fluorescent probe to anticancer agent. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2017;9(12):10512–10518. doi:10.1021/acsami.7b00540
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng G, Fang Y, Liu J, Geng J, Ding D, Liu B. Multifunctional conjugated polymer nanoparticles for image-guided photodynamic and photothermal therapy. Small. 2017;13(3):1602807. doi:10.1002/smll.201602807
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng Z, Jia Z, Qin Y, et al. All-in-one zeolite–carbon-based nanotheranostics with adjustable NIR-II window photoacoustic/fluorescence imaging performance for precise NIR-II photothermal-synergized catalytic antitumor therapy. Small. 2021;17(41):2103252. doi:10.1002/smll.202103252
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li R, Niu R, Qi J, et al. Conjugated polythiophene for rapid, simple, and high-throughput screening of antimicrobial photosensitizers. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2015;7(27):14569–14572. doi:10.1021/acsami.5b04552
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuan H, Zhan Y, Rowan AE, Xing C, Kouwer PHJ. Biomimetic networks with enhanced photodynamic antimicrobial activity from conjugated polythiophene/polyisocyanide hybrid hydrogels. Angew Chem Int. 2020;59(7):2720–2724. doi:10.1002/anie.201910979
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tabata Y, Murakami Y, Ikada Y. Photodynamic effect of polyethylene glycol-modified fullerene on tumor. Jpn J Cancer Res. 1997;88(11):1108–1116. doi:10.1111/j.1349-7006.1997.tb00336.x
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chen Y, Tan C, Zhang H, Wang L. Two-dimensional graphene analogues for biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev. 2015;44(9):2681–2701. doi:10.1039/C4CS00300D
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo Y, Li Z, Zhu C, et al. Graphene-like metal-free 2D nanosheets for cancer imaging and theranostics. Trends Biotechnol. 2018;36(11):1145–1156. doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.05.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen J, Wu W, Zhang F, et al. Graphene quantum dots in photodynamic therapy. Nanoscale Adv. 2020;2(10):4961–4967. doi:10.1039/D0NA00631A
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fan HY, Yu XH, Wang K, et al. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs)-based nanomaterials for improving photodynamic therapy in cancer treatment. Eur J Med Chem. 2019;182:111620. doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111620
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacFarlane LR, Shaikh H, Garcia-Hernandez JD, Vespa M, Fukui T, Manners I. Functional nanoparticles through π-conjugated polymer self-assembly. Nat Rev Mater. 2021;6:7–26. doi:10.1038/s41578-020-00233-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xue F, Shi M, Yan Y, Yang H, Zhou Z, Yang S. Iridium complex loaded polypyrrole nanoparticles for NIR laser induced photothermal effect and generation of singlet oxygen. RSC Adv. 2016;6(19):15509–15512. doi:10.1039/C5RA22092K
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xing C, Liu L, Tang H, et al. Design guidelines for conjugated polymers with light-activated anticancer activity. Adv Funct Mater. 2011;21(21):4058–4067. doi:10.1002/adfm.201100840
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mao D, Liu J, Ji S, et al. Amplification of near-infrared fluorescence in semiconducting polymer nanoprobe for grasping the behaviors of systemically administered endothelial cells in ischemia treatment. Biomaterials. 2017;143:109–119. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.07.038
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He F, Ren X, Shen X, Xu Q-H. Water-soluble conjugated polymers for amplification of one- and two-photon properties of photosensitizers. Macromolecules. 2011;44(13):5373–5380. doi:10.1021/ma2008805
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiang Z, Zhu L, Qi L, et al. Two-dimensional fully conjugated polymeric photosensitizers for advanced photodynamic therapy. Chem Mater. 2016;28(23):8651–8658. doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b03619
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen D, Yu Q, Huang X, et al. A highly-efficient type I photosensitizer with robust vascular-disruption activity for hypoxic-and-metastatic tumor specific photodynamic therapy. Small. 2020;16:2001059. doi:10.1002/smll.202001059
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahman M, Tian H, Edvinsson T. Revisiting the limiting factors for overall water-splitting on organic photocatalysts. Angew Chem Int. 2020;59(38):16278–16293. doi:10.1002/anie.202002561
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• She X, Wu J, Xu H, et al. High efficiency photocatalytic water splitting using 2D α-Fe2O3 /g-C3N4 Z-scheme catalysts. Adv Energy Mater. 2017;7(17):1700025. doi:10.1002/aenm.201700025
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mo Z, Di J, Yan P, et al. An all-organic D-a system for visible-light-driven overall water splitting. Small. 2020;16(48):e2003914. doi:10.1002/smll.202003914
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarmah CP. Microstructure and optical properties of ultra thin film of gold nanocomposite polyaniline. Indian J Pure Appl Phys. 2016;54:401–405.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pesant S, Boulanger P, Côté M, et al. Ab initio study of ladder-type polymers polythiophene and polypyrrole. Chem Phys Lett. 2006;450:329–334. doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2007.11.023
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hariharan A, Subramanian K, Alagar M, Dinakaran K. Conjugated donor-acceptor copolymers derived from phenylenevinylene and tri substituted pyridine units: synthesis, optical and electrochemical properties. High Perform Polym. 2014;27(6):724–733. doi:10.1177/0954008314559312
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hou Q, Xu X, Guo T, Zeng X, Luo S, Yang L. Synthesis and photovoltaic properties of fluorene-based copolymers with narrow band-gap units on the side chain. Eur Polym J. 2010;46(12):2365–2371. doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2010.09.015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atwani O, Baristiran C, Erden A, Sonmez G. A stable, low band gap electroactive polymer: poly(4,7-dithien-2-yl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole). Synth Met. 2008;158(3–4):83–89. doi:10.1016/j.synthmet.2007.12.013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ge B, Wei Q, Sun A, et al. A 3D iodoplumbate semiconducting open framework with visible-light-induced photocatalytic performance. Chem Asian J. 2019;14(12):2086–2090. doi:10.1002/asia.201900392
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaktawat V, Jain N, Saxena R, Saxena NS, Sharma TP. Electrical conductivity and optical band gap studies of polypyrrole doped with different acids. Optoelectron Adv Mater Rapid Commun. 2007;9:2130–2132.
   Google Scholar
• Ji E, Corbitt TS, Parthasarathy A, Schanze KS, Whitten DG. Light and dark-activated biocidal activity of conjugated polyelectrolytes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2011;3(8):2820–2829. doi:10.1021/am200644g
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bingshe X, Peide H, Liping W, et al. Optical properties in 2D photonic crystal structure using fullerene and azafullerene thin films. Opt Commun. 2005;250(1–3):120–125. doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2005.02.017
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li S, Wang P, Zhao H, Wang R, Li Z. Fabrication of black phosphorus nanosheets/BiOBr visible light photocatalysts via the co-precipitation method. Colloids Surf a Physicochem Eng Aspects. 2020;612:125967. doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125967
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wen J, Xie J, Chen X, Li X. A review on g-C3N4 -based photocatalysts. Appl Surf Sci. 2017;391:72–123. doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.07.030
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma X, Pang C, Li S, et al. Synthesis of Zr-coordinated amide porphyrin-based two-dimensional covalent organic framework at liquid-liquid interface for electrochemical sensing of tetracycline. Biosens Bioelectron. 2019;146:111734. doi:10.1016/j.bios.2019.111734
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foote CS. Definition of type I and type II photosensitized oxidation. Photochem Photobiol. 1991;54(5):659. doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1991.tb02071.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheu C, Kang P, Khan S, Foote CS. Low-temperature photosensitized oxidation of a guanosine derivative and formation of an imidazole ring-opened product. J Am Chem Soc. 2002;124(15):3905–3913. doi:10.1021/ja011696e
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liao JC, Roider J, Jay DG. Chromophore-assisted laser inactivation of proteins is mediated by the photogeneration of free radicals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994;91(7):2659–2663. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.7.2659
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang Y, Pappas HC, Zhang L, et al. Selective imaging and inactivation of bacteria over mammalian cells by imidazolium-substituted polythiophene. Chem Mater. 2017;29(15):6389–6395. doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b01796
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lichon L, Kotras C, Myrzakhmetov B, et al. Polythiophenes with cationic phosphonium groups as vectors for imaging, siRNA delivery, and photodynamic therapy. Nanomaterials. 2020;10(8):1432. doi:10.3390/nano10081432
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang B, Yuan H, Zhu C, et al. Polymer-drug conjugates for intracellar molecule-targeted photoinduced inactivation of protein and growth inhibition of cancer cells. Sci Rep. 2012;2:766. doi:10.1038/srep00766
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khatoon SS, Chen Y, Zhao H, Lv F, Liu L, Wang S. In situ self-assembly of conjugated polyelectrolytes for cancer targeted imaging and photodynamic therapy. Biomater Sci. 2020;8(8):2156–2163. doi:10.1039/C9BM01912J
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt K, Brovelli S, Coropceanu V, et al. Intersystem crossing processes in nonplanar aromatic heterocyclic molecules. J Phys Chem A. 2007;111(42):10490. doi:10.1021/jp075248q
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cekli S, Winkel RW, Schanze KS. Effect of oligomer length on photophysical properties of platinum acetylide donor–acceptor–donor oligomers. J Phys Chem A. 2016;120(28):5512–5521. doi:10.1021/acs.jpca.6b03977
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou W, Chen Y, Zhang Y, et al. Iodine-rich semiconducting polymer nanoparticles for CT/fluorescence dual-modal imaging-guided enhanced photodynamic therapy. Small. 2020;16(5):e1905641. doi:10.1002/smll.201905641
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cekli S, Winkel RW, Alarousu E, Mohammed OF, Schanze KS. Triplet excited state properties in variable gap π-conjugated donor-acceptor-donor chromophores. Chem Sci. 2016;7(6):3621–3631. doi:10.1039/C5SC04578A
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu S, Wu W, Cai X, et al. Highly efficient photosensitizers with aggregation-induced emission characteristics obtained through precise molecular design. Chem Commun. 2017;53(62):8727–8730. doi:10.1039/C7CC04864E
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang S, Wu W, Manghnani P, et al. Polymerization-enhanced two-photon photosensitization for precise photodynamic therapy. ACS Nano. 2019;13(3):3095–3105. doi:10.1021/acsnano.8b08398
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng G, Zhang GQ, Ding D. Design of superior phototheranostic agents guided by Jablonski diagrams. Chem Soc Rev. 2020;49(22):8179–8234. doi:10.1039/D0CS00671H
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang T, Liu L, Deng Y, et al. Ultrastable near-infrared conjugated-polymer nanoparticles for dually photoactive tumor inhibition. Adv Mater. 2017;29(31):1700487. doi:10.1002/adma.201700487
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang X, Zhang A, Feng J, et al. A heavy atom free semiconducting polymer with high singlet oxygen quantum yield for photodynamic and photothermal synergistic therapy. Mater Des. 2021;197:109263. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2020.109263
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang H, Guo L, Wang Y, Feng L. Bactericidal activity-tunable conjugated polymers as a human-friendly bactericide for the treatment of wound infections. Biomater Sci. 2019;7(9):3788–3794. doi:10.1039/C9BM00695H
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu L, Chen Z, Liu Y, et al. In vivo bioimaging and photodynamic therapy based on two-photon fluorescent conjugated polymers containing dibenzothiophene-S,S-dioxide derivatives. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2020;12(51):57281–57289. doi:10.1021/acsami.0c12955
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu L, Zhang Y, Guo T, Ying L, Xiong J, Yang W. Synthesis and properties of blue-light-emitting Oligo(fluorene-co-dibenzothiophene-S,S-dioxide)s. Dyes Pigments. 2019;166:502–514. doi:10.1016/j.dyepig.2019.03.059
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhai L, Zhang Z, Zhao Y, Tang Y. Efficient antibacterial performance and effect of structure on property based on cationic conjugated polymers. Macromolecules. 2018;51(18):7239–7247. doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01530
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu S, Zhang H, Li Y, et al. Strategies to enhance the photosensitization: polymerization and the donor-acceptor even-odd effect. Angew Chem Int. 2018;57(46):15189–15193. doi:10.1002/anie.201810326
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu M, Wu L, Li J, et al. Self-luminescing theranostic nanoreactors with intraparticle relayed energy transfer for tumor microenvironment activated imaging and photodynamic therapy. Theranostics. 2019;9(1):20–33. doi:10.7150/thno.28857
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Z, Cao Y, Zhu X, Li Y, Cai X. Zwitterionic conjugated polymer as the single component for photoacoustic-imaging-guided dual-modal near-infrared phototherapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2020;6(7):4005–4011. doi:10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00206
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang K, Tang Y, Fang X, Yin S, Xu H, Wu C. Incorporation of porphyrin to π-conjugated backbone for polymer-dot-sensitized photodynamic therapy. Biomacromolecules. 2016;17(6):2128–2136. doi:10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00356
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xing C, Xu Q, Tang H, Liu L, Wang S. Conjugated polymer/porphyrin complexes for efficient energy transfer and improving light-activated antibacterial activity. J Am Chem Soc. 2009;131(36):13117–13124. doi:10.1021/ja904492x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li S, Chang K, Sun K, et al. Amplified singlet oxygen generation in semiconductor polymer dots for photodynamic cancer therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2016;8(6):3624–3634. doi:10.1021/acsami.5b07995
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sprick RS, Jiang JX, Bonillo B, et al. Tunable organic photocatalysts for visible-light-driven hydrogen evolution. J Am Chem Soc. 2015;137(9):3265–3270. doi:10.1021/ja511552k
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yao H, Dai J, Zhuang Z, et al. Red AIE conjugated polyelectrolytes for long-term tracing and image-guided photodynamic therapy of tumors. Sci China Chem. 2020;63(12):1815–1824. doi:10.1007/s11426-020-9824-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang Y, Qiu F, Shen L, et al. Combining two-photon-activated fluorescence resonance energy transfer and near-infrared photothermal effect of unimolecular micelles for enhanced photodynamic therapy. ACS Nano. 2016;10(11):10489–10499. doi:10.1021/acsnano.6b06450
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moan J, Berg K. The photodegradation of porphyrins in cells can be used to estimate the lifetime of singlet oxygen. Photochem Photobiol. 1991;53(4):549–553. doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1991.tb03669.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuan Y, Liu J, Liu B. Conjugated-polyelectrolyte-based polyprodrug: targeted and image-guided photodynamic and chemotherapy with on-demand drug release upon irradiation with a single light source. Angew Chem Int. 2014;53(28):7163–7168. doi:10.1002/anie.201402189
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cui D, Huang J, Zhen X, Li J, Jiang Y, Pu K. A semiconducting polymer nano-prodrug for hypoxia-activated photodynamic cancer therapy. Angew Chem Int. 2019;58(18):5920–5924. doi:10.1002/anie.201814730
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qian C, Yu J, Chen Y, et al. Light-activated hypoxia-responsive nanocarriers for enhanced anticancer therapy. Adv Mater. 2016;28(17):3313–3320. doi:10.1002/adma.201505869
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeng Z, Zhang C, Li J, Cui D, Jiang Y, Pu K. Activatable polymer nanoenzymes for photodynamic immunometabolic cancer therapy. Adv Mater. 2020;33:e2007247. doi:10.1002/adma.202007247
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu H, Fang Y, Miao Q, et al. Regulating near-infrared photodynamic properties of semiconducting polymer nanotheranostics for optimized cancer therapy. ACS Nano. 2017;11(9):8998–9009. doi:10.1021/acsnano.7b03507
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liang Y, Zhang H, Yuan H, et al. Conjugated polymer and triphenylamine derivative codoped nanoparticles for photothermal and photodynamic antimicrobial therapy. ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2020;3(6):3494–3499. doi:10.1021/acsabm.0c00320
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Liao G, He F, Li Q, et al. Emerging graphitic carbon nitride-based materials for biomedical applications. Prog Mater Sci. 2020;112:100666. doi:10.1016/j.pmatsci.2020.100666
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu T, Mei X, Wang Y, Weng X, Liang R, Wei M. Two-dimensional nanomaterials: fascinating materials in biomedical field. Sci Bull. 2019;64(22):1707–1727. doi:10.1016/j.scib.2019.09.021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou Z, Song J, Nie L, Chen X. Reactive oxygen species generating systems meeting challenges of photodynamic cancer therapy. Chem Soc Rev. 2016;45(23):6597–6626.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu X, Yang L, Luo L, Shi G, Wei X, Wang F. Engineered g-C 3 N 4 quantum dots for tunable two-photon imaging and photodynamic therapy. ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2019;2(5):1998–2005. doi:10.1021/acsabm.9b00055
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chu X, Li K, Guo H. Exploration of graphitic-C3N4 quantum dots for microwave induced photodynamic therapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2017;2:1998–2005.
   Google Scholar
• Liu X, Xing S, Xu Y, Chen R, Lin C, Guo L. 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole-derived graphitic carbon nitride for photodynamic therapy. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2021;250:119363. doi:10.1016/j.saa.2020.119363
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu Y, Yang D, Xu W, et al. Tunable water-soluble carbon nitride by alkali-metal cations modification: enhanced ROS-evolving and adsorption band for photodynamic therapy. Appl Cat B. 2020;269:118848. doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2020.118848
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ong WJ, Tan LL, Ng YH, Yong ST, Chai SP. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)-based photocatalysts for artificial photosynthesis and environmental remediation: are we a step closer to achieving sustainability? Chem Rev. 2016;116(12):7159–7329. doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00075
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang H, Lin Q, Yin L, et al. Biomimetic design of hollow flower-like g-C3N4@PDA organic framework nanospheres for realizing an efficient photoreactivity. Small. 2019;15(16):e1900011. doi:10.1002/smll.201900011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang YF, Zhang M, Zhao LB, Feng JM, Wu DY. Activation of oxygen on gold and silver nanoparticles assisted by surface plasmon resonances. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2014;126:2353–2357. doi:10.1002/anie.201310097
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dai J, Song J, Qiu Y, et al. Gold nanoparticle-decorated g-C3N4 nanosheets for controlled generation of reactive oxygen species upon 670 nm laser illumination. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2019;11(11):10589–10596. doi:10.1021/acsami.9b01307
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan CF, Zhou Y, Guo H, et al. pH-dependent cancer-directed photodynamic therapy by a water-soluble graphitic-phase carbon nitride-porphyrin nanoprobe. ChemPlusChem. 2016;81(6):535–540. doi:10.1002/cplu.201600085
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang Q, Chen Y, Hao L, et al. Pegylated carbon nitride nanosheets for enhanced reactive oxygen species generation and photodynamic therapy under hypoxic conditions. Nanomedicine. 2020;25:102167. doi:10.1016/j.nano.2020.102167
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li RQ, Zhang C, Xie BR, et al. A two-photon excited O2-evolving nanocomposite for efficient photodynamic therapy against hypoxic tumor. Biomaterials. 2019;194:84–93. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.12.017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin LS, Cong ZX, Li J, et al. Graphitic-phase C3N4 nanosheets as efficient photosensitizers and pH-responsive drug nanocarriers for cancer imaging and therapy. J Mater Chem B. 2014;2(8):1031–1037. doi:10.1039/c3tb21479f
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen R, Zhang J, Wang Y, Chen X, Zapien JA, Lee CS. Graphitic carbon nitride nanosheet@metal-organic framework core-shell nanoparticles for photo-chemo combination therapy. Nanoscale. 2015;7(41):17299–17305. doi:10.1039/C5NR04436G
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang Y, Tian Y, Shu J, Wang F, Wei X. Oxygen self-enriched single-component “black carbon nitride” for near-infrared phototheranostics. Nanoscale. 2020;12(42):21812–21820. doi:10.1039/D0NR05871H
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Y, Cheng Y, Yang F, et al. Near-infrared triggered Ti3C2/g-C3N4 heterostructure for mitochondria-targeting multimode photodynamic therapy combined photothermal therapy. Nano Today. 2020;34:100919. doi:10.1016/j.nantod.2020.100919
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kou L, Chen C, Smith SC. Phosphorene: fabrication, properties, and applications. J Phys Chem Lett. 2015;6(14):2794–2805. doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b01094
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu Y, Wang Z, Guo Z, et al. Solvothermal synthesis and ultrafast photonics of black phosphorus quantum dots. Adv Opt Mater. 2016;4(8):1223–1229. doi:10.1002/adom.201600214
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang H, Yang X, Shao W, et al. Ultrathin black phosphorus nanosheets for efficient singlet oxygen generation. J Am Chem Soc. 2015;137(35):11376–11382. doi:10.1021/jacs.5b06025
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen J, Fan T, Xie Z, et al. Advances in nanomaterials for photodynamic therapy applications: status and challenges. Biomaterials. 2020;237:119827. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119827
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tian J, Huang B, Nawaz MH, Zhang W. Recent advances of multi-dimensional porphyrin-based functional materials in photodynamic therapy. Coord Chem Rev. 2020;420:213410. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213410
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo T, Wu Y, Lin Y, et al. Black phosphorus quantum dots with renal clearance property for efficient photodynamic therapy. Small. 2018;14(4):1702815. doi:10.1002/smll.201702815
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Z, Fu Q, Ye J, et al. Ag+ -coupled black phosphorus vesicles with emerging NIR-II photoacoustic imaging performance for cancer immune-dynamic therapy and fast wound healing. Angew Chem Int. 2020;59(49):22202–22209. doi:10.1002/anie.202009609
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang J, He B, Zhang Z, et al. Aggregation-induced emission luminogens married to 2D black phosphorus nanosheets for highly efficient multimodal theranostics. Adv Mater. 2020;32(37):e2003382. doi:10.1002/adma.202003382
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu Y, Zhu D, Zhu X, et al. Enhancing the photodynamic therapy efficacy of black phosphorus nanosheets by covalently grafting fullerene C60. Chem Sci. 2020;11(42):11435–11442. doi:10.1039/D0SC03349A
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu D, Liu J, Wang Y, Jian Y, Wu W, Lv R. Black phosphorus nanosheet with high thermal conversion efficiency for photodynamic/photothermal/immunotherapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2020;6(9):4940–4948. doi:10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00984
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dibaba ST, Wei R, Xi W, et al. Theranostic nanocomposite from upconversion luminescent nanoparticles and black phosphorus nanosheets. RSC Adv. 2018;8(62):35706–35718. doi:10.1039/C8RA07441K
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang X, Wang D, Zhu J, et al. Functional black phosphorus nanosheets for mitochondria-targeting photothermal/photodynamic synergistic cancer therapy. Chem Sci. 2019;10(13):3779–3785. doi:10.1039/C8SC04844D
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jana D, Jia S, Bindra AK, Xing P, Ding D, Zhao Y. Clearable black phosphorus nanoconjugate for targeted cancer phototheranostics. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2020;12(16):18342–18351. doi:10.1021/acsami.0c02718
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang D, Yang G, Yang P, et al. Assembly of Au plasmonic photothermal agent and iron oxide nanoparticles on ultrathin black phosphorus for targeted photothermal and photodynamic cancer therapy. Adv Funct Mater. 2017;27(18):1700371. doi:10.1002/adfm.201700371
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang J, Zhang H, Xiao X, et al. Gold nanobipyramid-loaded black phosphorus nanosheets for plasmon-enhanced photodynamic and photothermal therapy of deep-seated orthotopic lung tumors. Acta Biomater. 2020;107:260–271. doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2020.03.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang D, Lin X, Lan S, et al. Localized surface plasmon resonance enhanced singlet oxygen generation and light absorption based on black phosphorus@AuNPs nanosheet for tumor photodynamic/thermal therapy. Part Part Syst Char. 2018;35(4):1800010. doi:10.1002/ppsc.201800010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng T, Zhou T, Feng X, Shen J, Zhang M, Sun Y. Enhanced Plasmon-Induced Resonance Energy Transfer (PIRET)-mediated photothermal and photodynamic therapy guided by photoacoustic and magnetic resonance imaging. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2019;11(35):31615–31626. doi:10.1021/acsami.9b09296
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu M, Yang G, Bi H, et al. An intelligent nanoplatform for imaging-guided photodynamic/photothermal/chemo-therapy based on upconversion nanoparticles and CuS integrated black phosphorus. Chem Eng J. 2020;382:122822. doi:10.1016/j.cej.2019.122822
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li R, Shan L, Yao Y, et al. Black phosphorus nanosheets and docetaxel micelles co-incorporated thermoreversible hydrogel for combination chemo-photodynamic therapy. Drug Deliv Transl Res. 2021;11(3):1133–1143. doi:10.1007/s13346-020-00836-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hai L, Zhang A, Wu X, et al. Liposome-stabilized black phosphorus for photothermal drug delivery and oxygen self-enriched photodynamic therapy. ACS Appl Nano Mater. 2019;3:563–575. doi:10.1021/acsanm.9b02119
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen L, Chen C, Chen W, et al. Biodegradable black phosphorus nanosheets mediate specific delivery of hTERT siRNA for synergistic cancer therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2018;10(25):21137–21148. doi:10.1021/acsami.8b04807
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li L, Yang Z, Fan W, et al. In situ polymerized hollow mesoporous organosilica biocatalysis nanoreactor for enhancing ROS-mediated anticancer therapy. Adv Funct Mater. 2020;30(4):1905758. doi:10.1002/adfm.201905758
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng XT, Ananthanarayanan A, Luo KQ, et al. Glowing graphene quantum dots and carbon dots: properties, syntheses, and biological applications. Small. 2015;11(14):1620–1636. doi:10.1002/smll.201402648
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan Y, Gong J, Chen J, et al. Recent advances on graphene quantum dots: from chemistry and physics to applications. Adv Mater. 2019;31:1808283. doi:10.1002/adma.201808283
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuo WS, Yeh TS, Chang CY, et al. Amino-functionalized nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots for efficient enhancement of two-photon-excitation photodynamic therapy: functionalized nitrogen as a bactericidal and contrast agent. Int J Nanomedicine. 2020;15:6961–6973. doi:10.2147/IJN.S242892
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang L, Li Y, Wang Y, et al. Chlorine-doped graphene quantum dots with enhanced anti- and pro-oxidant properties. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2019;11(24):21822–21829. doi:10.1021/acsami.9b03194
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Z, Wang D, Xu M, et al. Fluorine-containing graphene quantum dots with a high singlet oxygen generation applied for photodynamic therapy. J Mater Chem B. 2020;8(13):2598–2606. doi:10.1039/C9TB02529D
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roeinfard M, Zahedifar M, Darroudi M, Khorsand Zak A, Sadeghi E. Synthesis of graphene quantum dots decorated with Se, Eu and Ag as photosensitizer and study of their potential to use in photodynamic therapy. J Fluoresc. 2021;31(2):551–557. doi:10.1007/s10895-020-02674-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du D, Wang K, Wen Y, Li Y, Li YY. Photodynamic graphene quantum dot: reduction condition regulated photoactivity and size dependent efficacy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2016;8(5):3287–3294. doi:10.1021/acsami.5b11154
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ju J, Regmi S, Fu A, Lim S, Liu Q. Graphene quantum dot based charge-reversal nanomaterial for nucleus-targeted drug delivery and efficiency controllable photodynamic therapy. J Biophotonics. 2019;12(6):e201800367. doi:10.1002/jbio.201800367
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu C, Guan X, Xu J, et al. Highly efficient cascading synergy of cancer photo-immunotherapy enabled by engineered graphene quantum dots/photosensitizer/CpG oligonucleotides hybrid nanotheranostics. Biomaterials. 2019;205:106–119. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.03.020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao Y, Dong H, Yang Z, et al. Aptamer-conjugated graphene quantum dots/porphyrin derivative theranostic agent for intracellular cancer-related MicroRNA detection and fluorescence-guided photothermal/photodynamic synergetic therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2017;9(1):159–166. doi:10.1021/acsami.6b13150
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu Y, Mei L, Shi Y, et al. Ag-Conjugated graphene quantum dots with blue light-enhanced singlet oxygen generation for ternary-mode highly-efficient antimicrobial therapy. J Mater Chem B. 2020;8(7):1371–1382. doi:10.1039/C9TB02300C
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tade RS, Patil PO. Theranostic prospects of graphene quantum dots in breast cancer. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2020;6(11):5987–6008. doi:10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01045
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antoku D, Sugikawa K, Ikeda A. Photodynamic activity of fullerene derivatives solubilized in water by natural-product-based solubilizing agents. Chemistry. 2019;25(8):1854–1865. doi:10.1002/chem.201803657
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee H, Seok lee JS, Moor KJ, et al. Hand-ground fullerene-nanodiamond composite for photosensitized water treatment and photodynamic cancer therapy. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2021;587:101–109. doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2020.12.020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng X, Wang L, Pei Q, He S, Liu S, Xie Z. Metal–organic framework@porous organic polymer nanocomposite for photodynamic therapy. Chem Mater. 2017;29(5):2374–2381. doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b00228
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tao Y, Chan HF, Shi B, Li M, Leong KW. Light: a magical tool for controlled drug delivery. Adv Funct Mater. 2020;30(49):1804901. doi:10.1002/adfm.202005029
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun T, Xia R, Zhou J, Zheng X, Liu S, Xie Z. Protein-assisted synthesis of nanoscale covalent organic frameworks for phototherapy of cancer. Mater Chem Front. 2020;4(8):2346–2356. doi:10.1039/D0QM00274G
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hynek J, Zelenka J, Rathouský J, et al. Designing porphyrinic covalent organic frameworks for the photodynamic inactivation of bacteria. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2018;10(10):8527–8535. doi:10.1021/acsami.7b19835
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang L, Wang S, Zhou Y, Wang C, Zhang XZ, Deng H. Covalent organic frameworks as favorable constructs for photodynamic therapy. Angew Chem Int. 2019;58(40):14213–14218. doi:10.1002/anie.201909020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao P, Wang M, Chen Y, et al. A COF-based nanoplatform for highly efficient cancer diagnosis, photodynamic therapy and prognosis. Chem Sci. 2020;11(26):6882–6888. doi:10.1039/D0SC00847H
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guan Q, Fu DD, Li YA, et al. BODIPY-decorated nanoscale covalent organic frameworks for photodynamic therapy. iScience. 2019;14:180–198. doi:10.1016/j.isci.2019.03.028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guan Q, Zhou LL, Lv FH, Li WY, Li YA, Dong YB. A glycosylated covalent organic framework equipped with BODIPY and CaCO3 for synergistic tumor therapy. Angew Chem Int. 2020;59(41):18042–18047. doi:10.1002/anie.202008055
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi Y, Liu S, Liu Y, et al. Facile fabrication of nanoscale porphyrinic covalent organic polymers for combined photodynamic and photothermal cancer therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2019;11(13):12321–12326. doi:10.1021/acsami.9b00361
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu C, Zhang Z, Liu S, Liu X, Pang M. Monodispersed CuSe sensitized covalent organic framework photosensitizer with an enhanced photodynamic and photothermal effect for cancer therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2019;11(26):23072–23082. doi:10.1021/acsami.9b08394
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu C, Cai L, Liu S, Pang M. Integration of a highly monodisperse covalent organic framework photosensitizer with cation exchange synthesized Ag2Se nanoparticles for enhanced phototherapy. Chem Commun. 2019;55(62):9164–9167. doi:10.1039/C9CC04668B
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yin Q, Zhao P, Sa R, et al. An ultra-robust and crystalline redeemable hydrogen-bonded organic framework for synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2018;57(26):7691–7696. doi:10.1002/anie.201800354
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang C, Qin W-J, Bai X-F, Zhang X-Z. Nanomaterials to relieve tumor hypoxia for enhanced photodynamic therapy. Nano Today. 2020;35:100960. doi:10.1016/j.nantod.2020.100960
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sahu A, Kwon I, Tae G. Improving cancer therapy through the nanomaterials-assisted alleviation of hypoxia. Biomaterials. 2020;228:119578. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119578
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng DW, Li B, Li CX, et al. Carbon-dot-decorated carbon nitride nanoparticles for enhanced photodynamic therapy against hypoxic tumor via water splitting. ACS Nano. 2016;10(9):8715–8722. doi:10.1021/acsnano.6b04156
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao H, Li L, Zheng C, et al. An intelligent dual stimuli-responsive photosensitizer delivery system with O2-supplying for efficient photodynamic therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2018;167:299–309. doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.04.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma Z, Zhang M, Jia X, et al. FeIII -doped two-dimensional C3 N4 nanofusiform: a new O2-evolving and mitochondria-targeting photodynamic agent for MRI and enhanced antitumor therapy. Small. 2016;12(39):5477–5487. doi:10.1002/smll.201601681
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang W, Li S, Liu X, et al. Oxygen-generating MnO2 nanodots-anchored versatile nanoplatform for combined chemo-photodynamic therapy in hypoxic cancer. Adv Funct Mater. 2018;28(13):1706375. doi:10.1002/adfm.201706375
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang W, Zhang C, Ahmed A, et al. H2O2-sensitive upconversion nanocluster bomb for tri-mode imaging-guided photodynamic therapy in deep tumor tissue. Adv Healthc Mater. 2019;8(20):e1900972. doi:10.1002/adhm.201900972
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ouyang J, Deng Y, Chen W, et al. Marriage of artificial catalase and black phosphorus nanosheets for reinforced photodynamic antitumor therapy. J Mater Chem B. 2018;6(14):2057–2064. doi:10.1039/C8TB00371H
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang X, Liu R, Zhong Z, et al. Platinum nanoenzyme functionalized black phosphorus nanosheets for photothermal and enhanced-photodynamic therapy. Chem Eng J. 2021;409:127381. doi:10.1016/j.cej.2020.127381
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lan S, Lin Z, Zhang D, Zeng Y, Liu X. Photocatalysis enhancement for programmable killing of hepatocellular carcinoma through self-compensation mechanisms based on black phosphorus quantum-dot-hybridized nanocatalysts. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2019;11(10):9804–9813. doi:10.1021/acsami.8b21820
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Y, Xu M, Wang Y, Toledo F, Zhou F. Studies of metal ion binding by apo-metallothioneins attached onto preformed self-assembled monolayers using a highly sensitive surface plasmon resonance spectrometer. Sens Actuators B Chem. 2007;123(2):784–792, 127491. doi:10.1016/j.snb.2006.10.019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yao X, Yang B, Wang S, et al. A novel multifunctional FePt/BP nanoplatform for synergistic photothermal/photodynamic/chemodynamic cancer therapies and photothermally-enhanced immunotherapy. J Mater Chem B. 2020;8(35):8010–8021. doi:10.1039/D0TB00411A
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cai L, Hu C, Liu S, Zhou Y, Pang M, Lin J. A covalent organic framework-based multifunctional therapeutic platform for enhanced photodynamic therapy via catalytic cascade reactions. Sci China Mater. 2020;64:488–497. doi:10.1007/s40843-020-1428-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu J, Liu T, Du P, Zhang L, Lei J. Metal-organic framework (MOF) hybrid as a tandem catalyst for enhanced therapy against hypoxic tumor cells. Angew Chem Int. 2019;58(23):7808–7812. doi:10.1002/anie.201903475
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu J, Du P, Mao H, Zhang L, Ju H, Lei J. Dual-triggered oxygen self-supply black phosphorus nanosystem for enhanced photodynamic therapy. Biomaterials. 2018;172:83–91. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.04.051
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qi F, Ji P, Chen Z, et al. Photosynthetic cyanobacteria-hybridized black phosphorus nanosheets for enhanced tumor photodynamic therapy. Small. 2021;17(42):2102113. doi:10.1002/smll.202102113
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang L, Yang J, Zhou S, et al. Strategies to extend near-infrared light harvest of polymer carbon nitride photocatalysts. Coord Chem Rev. 2021;439:213947.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan MH, Chen CW, Lee IJ, et al. Near-infrared light-mediated photodynamic therapy nanoplatform by the electrostatic assembly of upconversion nanoparticles with graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots. Inorg Chem. 2016;55(20):10267–10277. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01522
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng L, He F, Yang G, et al. NIR-driven graphitic-phase carbon nitride nanosheets for efficient bioimaging and photodynamic therapy. J Mater Chem B. 2016;4(48):8000–8008. doi:10.1039/C6TB02232D
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zou X, Yao M, Ma L, et al. X-ray-induced nanoparticle-based photodynamic therapy of cancer. Nanomedicine. 2014;9(15):2339–2351. doi:10.2217/nnm.13.198
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang H, He L, Zhou W, et al. Stable black phosphorus/Bi2O3 heterostructures for synergistic cancer radiotherapy. Biomaterials. 2018;171:12–22. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.04.022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo K, Wu H, Chen Y, et al. Preparation of Bi-based hydrogel for multi-modal tumor therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2021;200:111591. doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111591
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duan D, Liu H, Xu Y, et al. Activating TiO2 nanoparticles: gallium-68 serves as a high-yield photon emitter for cerenkov-induced photodynamic therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2018;10(6):5278–5286. doi:10.1021/acsami.7b17902
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu B, Ni D, Rosenkrans ZT, Barnhart TE, Cai W. A “missile-detonation” strategy to precisely supply and efficiently amplify cerenkov radiation energy for cancer theranostics. Adv Mater. 2019;31(52):1904894. doi:10.1002/adma.201904894
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Y, Pang L, Ma C, et al. Small molecule-initiated light-activated semiconducting polymer dots: an integrated nanoplatform for targeted photodynamic therapy and imaging of cancer cells. Anal Chem. 2014;86(6):3092–3099. doi:10.1021/ac404201s
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuan H, Chong H, Wang B, et al. Chemical molecule-induced light-activated system for anticancer and antifungal activities. J Am Chem Soc. 2012;134(32):13184–13187. doi:10.1021/ja304986t
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Feng L, Wang S. Conjugated polymer nanoparticles for imaging, cell activity regulation, and therapy. Adv Funct Mater. 2019;29(5):1806818. doi:10.1002/adfm.201806818
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilhelm S, Tavares AJ, Dai Q, et al. Analysis of nanoparticle delivery to tumours. Nat Rev Mater. 2016;1(5):16014. doi:10.1038/natrevmats.2016.14
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng L, Zhu J, Wang Z. Biological functionalization of conjugated polymer nanoparticles for targeted imaging and photodynamic killing of tumor cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2016;8(30):19364–19370. doi:10.1021/acsami.6b06642
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Y, Feng P, Wang C, Miao W, Huang H. Black phosphorus nanophototherapeutics with enhanced stability and safety for breast cancer treatment. Chem Eng J. 2020;400:125851. doi:10.1016/j.cej.2020.125851
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang W, Dang G, Dong J, et al. A multifunctional nanoplatform based on graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots for imaging-guided and tumor-targeted chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2020;199:111549. doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111549
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fan J, Fang G, Zeng F, Wang X, Wu S. Water-dispersible fullerene aggregates as a targeted anticancer prodrug with both chemo- and photodynamic therapeutic actions. Small. 2013;9(4):613–621. doi:10.1002/smll.201201456
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang J, Liang D, Qu Z, Kislyakov IM, Kiselev VM, Liu J. PEGylated-folic acid–modified black phosphorus quantum dots as near-infrared agents for dual-modality imaging-guided selective cancer cell destruction. Nanophotonics. 2020;9(8):2425–2435. doi:10.1515/nanoph-2019-0506
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jin G, He R, Liu Q, et al. Theranostics of triple-negative breast cancer based on conjugated polymer nanoparticles. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2018;10(13):10634–10646. doi:10.1021/acsami.7b14603
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu Y, Song G, He B, et al. Strengthened tumor photodynamic therapy based on a visible nanoscale covalent organic polymer engineered by microwave assisted synthesis. Adv Funct Mater. 2020;30:2004834. doi:10.1002/adfm.202004834
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng HL, Guo HL, Xie AJ, Shen YH, Zhu MZ. 4-in-1 Fe3O4/g-C3N4@PPy-DOX nanocomposites: magnetic targeting guided trimode combinatorial chemotherapy/PDT/PTT for cancer. J Inorg Biochem. 2021;215:111329. doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111329
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeng S, Gao H, Li C, et al. Boosting photothermal theranostics via TICT and molecular motions for photohyperthermia therapy of muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Adv Healthc Mater. 2021:e2101063. doi:10.1002/adhm.202101063
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang X, Li H, Yi C, et al. Host immune response triggered by graphene quantum-dot-mediated photodynamic therapy for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Nanomedicine. 2020;15:9627–9638. doi:10.2147/IJN.S276153
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng L, He F, Liu B, et al. g-C3N4 coated upconversion nanoparticles for 808 nm near-infrared light triggered phototherapy and multiple imaging. Chem Mater. 2016;28(21):7935–7946. doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b03598
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang X, Xie X, Wang H, Zhang J, Pan B, Xie Y. Enhanced photoresponsive ultrathin graphitic-phase C3N4 nanosheets for bioimaging. J Am Chem Soc. 2013;135(1):18–21. doi:10.1021/ja308249k
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anju S, Ashtami J, Mohanan PV. Black phosphorus, a prospective graphene substitute for biomedical applications. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2019;97:978–993. doi:10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.146
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song S-J, Shin Y, Lee H, Kim B, Han DW, Lim D. Dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity of layered black phosphorus in fibroblastic cells. Nanomaterials. 2018;8(6):408. doi:10.3390/nano8060408
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang G, Pandey R, Karna SP. Phosphorene oxide: stability and electronic properties of a novel two-dimensional material. Nanoscale. 2014;7(2):524–531. doi:10.1039/C4NR05384B
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han C, Hu Z, Gomes LC, et al. Surface functionalization of black phosphorus via potassium toward high-performance complementary devices. Nano Lett. 2017;17(7):4122–4129. doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b00903
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Autere A, Ryder CR, Säynätjoki A, et al. Rapid and large-area characterization of exfoliated black phosphorus using third-harmonic generation microscopy. J Phys Chem Lett. 2017;8(7):1343–1350. doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b00140
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qu G, Liu W, Zhao Y, et al. Improved biocompatibility of black phosphorus nanosheets by chemical modification. Sci Found China. 2018;56:14488–14493.
   Google Scholar
• Ryder CR, Wood JD, Wells SA, et al. Covalent functionalization and passivation of exfoliated black phosphorus via aryl diazonium chemistry. Nat Chem. 2016;8(6):597–602. doi:10.1038/nchem.2505
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar