Circular RNA circRASSF5 Functions as an Anti-Oncogenic Factor in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Acting as a Competitive Endogenous RNA Through Sponging miR-331-3p

References

• Asafo-Agyei KO, Samant H. Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls; 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(6):394–424. doi:10.3322/caac.21492
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGlynn KA, Petrick JL, El-Serag HB. Epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2021;73(Suppl 1):4–13. doi:10.1002/hep.31288
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sartoris R, Gregory J, Dioguardi Burgio M, Ronot M, Vilgrain V. HCC advances in diagnosis and prognosis: digital and imaging. Liver Int. 2021;41(Suppl 1):73–77. doi:10.1111/liv.14865
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rimassa L, Personeni N, Czauderna C, Foerster F, Galle P. Systemic treatment of HCC in special populations. J Hepatol. 2021;74(4):931–943. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2020.11.026
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruf B, Heinrich B, Greten TF. Immunobiology and immunotherapy of HCC: spotlight on innate and innate-like immune cells. Cell Mol Immunol. 2021;18(1):112–127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finn RS, Zhu AX. Evolution of systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2021;73(Suppl 1):150–157. doi:10.1002/hep.31306
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leone P, Solimando AG, Fasano R, et al. The evolving role of immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment. Vaccines. 2021;9:532.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solimando AG, Susca N, Argentiero A, et al. Second-line treatments for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis. Clin Exp Med. 2022;22(1):65–74. doi:10.1007/s10238-021-00727-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao P, Malik S, Xing S. Epigenetic mechanisms involved in HCV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Front Oncol. 2021;11:677926. doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.677926
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oura K, Morishita A, Masaki T. Molecular and functional roles of microRNAs in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma-a review. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(21):8362. doi:10.3390/ijms21218362
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodall GJ, Wickramasinghe VO. RNA in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2021;21(1):22–36. doi:10.1038/s41568-020-00306-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou WY, Cai ZR, Liu J, Wang DS, Ju HQ, Xu RH. Circular RNA: metabolism, functions and interactions with proteins. Mol Cancer. 2020;19(1):172. doi:10.1186/s12943-020-01286-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shao T, Pan YH, Xiong XD. Circular RNA: an important player with multiple facets to regulate its parental gene expression. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2021;23:369–376. doi:10.1016/j.omtn.2020.11.008
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Das A, Sinha T, Shyamal S, Panda AC. Emerging role of circular RNA-protein interactions. Non-Coding RNA. 2021;7(3). doi:10.3390/ncrna7030048
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li X, Yang L, Chen LL. The biogenesis, functions, and challenges of circular RNAs. Mol Cell. 2018;71(3):428–442. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2018.06.034
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su M, Xiao Y, Ma J, et al. Circular RNAs in cancer: emerging functions in hallmarks, stemness, resistance and roles as potential biomarkers. Mol Cancer. 2019;18(1):90. doi:10.1186/s12943-019-1002-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lou J, Hao Y, Lin K, et al. Circular RNA CDR1as disrupts the p53/MDM2 complex to inhibit gliomagenesis. Mol Cancer. 2020;19(1):138. doi:10.1186/s12943-020-01253-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bi J, Liu H, Dong W, et al. Circular RNA circ-ZKSCAN1 inhibits bladder cancer progression through miR-1178-3p/p21 axis and acts as a prognostic factor of recurrence. Mol Cancer. 2019;18(1):133. doi:10.1186/s12943-019-1060-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng X, Huang M, Xing L, et al. The circRNA circSEPT9 mediated by E2F1 and EIF4A3 facilitates the carcinogenesis and development of triple-negative breast cancer. Mol Cancer. 2020;19(1):73. doi:10.1186/s12943-020-01183-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang L, Long H, Zheng Q, Bo X, Xiao X, Li B. Circular RNA circRHOT1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by initiation of NR2F6 expression. Mol Cancer. 2019;18(1):119. doi:10.1186/s12943-019-1046-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qiu L, Xu H, Ji M, et al. Circular RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma: biomarkers, functions and mechanisms. Life Sci. 2019;231:116660. doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116660
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li S, Teng J, Li H, Chen F, Zheng J. The emerging roles of RASSF5 in human malignancy. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2018;18(3):314–322. doi:10.2174/1871520617666170327120747
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macheiner D, Heller G, Kappel S, et al. NORE1B, a candidate tumor suppressor, is epigenetically silenced in human hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 2006;45(1):81–89. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2005.12.017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macheiner D, Gauglhofer C, Rodgarkia-Dara C, et al. NORE1B is a putative tumor suppressor in hepatocarcinogenesis and may act via RASSF1A. Cancer Res. 2009;69(1):235–242. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-2144
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panda AC. Circular RNAs act as miRNA sponges. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1087:67–79.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li J, Jin B, Wang T, et al. Serum microRNA expression profiling identifies serum biomarkers for HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Biomark. 2019;26(4):501–512. doi:10.3233/CBM-181970
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao Y, Chen J, Wang D, et al. Upregulated in Hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma cells, miR-331-3p promotes proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting ING5. Oncotarget. 2015;6(35):38093–38106. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.5642
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chang RM, Yang H, Fang F, Xu JF, Yang LY. MicroRNA-331-3p promotes proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting PH domain and leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase. Hepatology. 2014;60(4):1251–1263. doi:10.1002/hep.27221
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kristensen LS, Hansen TB, Veno MT, Kjems J. Circular RNAs in cancer: opportunities and challenges in the field. Oncogene. 2018;37(5):555–565. doi:10.1038/onc.2017.361
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Y, Wang Y. Circular RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma: emerging functions to clinical significances. Front Oncol. 2021;11:667428. doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.667428
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verduci L, Strano S, Yarden Y, Blandino G. The circRNA-microRNA code: emerging implications for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Mol Oncol. 2019;13(4):669–680. doi:10.1002/1878-0261.12468
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wei Y, Chen X, Liang C, et al. A noncoding regulatory RNAs network driven by Circ-CDYL acts specifically in the early stages hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2020;71(1):130–147. doi:10.1002/hep.30795
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qiu M, Xia W, Chen R, et al. The circular RNA circPRKCI promotes tumor growth in lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res. 2018;78(11):2839–2851. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-17-2808
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng Z, Yu C, Cui S, et al. circTP63 functions as a ceRNA to promote lung squamous cell carcinoma progression by upregulating FOXM1. Nat Commun. 2019;10(1):3200. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-11162-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiong X, Wen YA, Mitov MI. PHLPP regulates hexokinase 2-dependent glucose metabolism in colon cancer cells. Cell Death Discovery. 2017;3:16103. doi:10.1038/cddiscovery.2016.103
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu J, Weiss HL, Rychahou P, Jackson LN, Evers BM, Gao T. Loss of PHLPP expression in colon cancer: role in proliferation and tumorigenesis. Oncogene. 2009;28(7):994–1004. doi:10.1038/onc.2008.450
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao T, Furnari F, Newton AC. PHLPP: a phosphatase that directly dephosphorylates Akt, promotes apoptosis, and suppresses tumor growth. Mol Cell. 2005;18(1):13–24. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meeusen B, Janssens V. Tumor suppressive protein phosphatases in human cancer: emerging targets for therapeutic intervention and tumor stratification. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2018;96:98–134.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu G, Ouyang X, Sun Y, et al. The miR-92a-2-5p in exosomes from macrophages increases liver cancer cells invasion via altering the AR/PHLPP/p-AKT/beta-catenin signaling. Cell Death Differ. 2020;27(12):3258–3272. doi:10.1038/s41418-020-0575-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun EJ, Wankell M, Palamuthusingam P, McFarlane C, Hebbard L. Targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomedicines. 2021;9:1639.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar