The Index sAGP is Valuable for Distinguishing Atypical Hepatocellular Carcinoma from Atypical Benign Focal Hepatic Lesions

References

• Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(3):209–249. doi:10.3322/caac.21660
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lok AS, Sterling RK, Everhart JE, et al. Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin and alpha-fetoprotein as biomarkers for the early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2010;138(2):493–502. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2009.10.031
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsuchiya N, Sawada Y, Endo I, Saito K, Uemura Y, Nakatsura T. Biomarkers for the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol. 2015;21(37):10573–10583. doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i37.10573
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Omata M, Cheng AL, Kokudo N, et al. Asia-Pacific clinical practice guidelines on the management of hepatocellular carcinoma: a 2017 update. Hepatol Int. 2017;11(4):317–370. doi:10.1007/s12072-017-9799-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fu Y, Chen J, Li C, Chen L, Zhang Z, Huang Z. Effectiveness of ultrasound-guided percutaneous transhepatic puncture for the diagnosis of low-level alpha-fetoprotein liver cancer patients. Transl Cancer Res. 2021;10(6):2985–2990. doi:10.21037/tcr-21-701
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu D, Luo Y, Chen L, et al. Diagnostic value of 5 serum biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma with different epidemiological backgrounds: a large-scale, retrospective study. Cancer Biol Med. 2021;18(1):256–270. doi:10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0207
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li W, Wang W, Liu GJ, et al. Differentiation of atypical hepatocellular carcinoma from focal nodular hyperplasia: diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced US and microflow imaging. Radiology. 2015;275(3):870–879. doi:10.1148/radiol.14140911
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jing W, Peng R, Zhu M, et al. Differential expression and diagnostic significance of pre-albumin, fibrinogen combined with D-dimer in AFP-negative hepatocellular carcinoma. Pathol Oncol Res. 2020;26(3):1669–1676. doi:10.1007/s12253-019-00752-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ou Y, Huang J, Yang L. The prognostic significance of pretreatment serum γ-glutamyltranspeptidase in primary liver cancer: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Biosci Rep. 2018;38(6):BSR20181058. doi:10.1042/BSR20181058
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson PJ, Dhanaraj S, Berhane S, Bonnett L, Ma YT. The prognostic and diagnostic significance of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in hepatocellular carcinoma: a prospective controlled study. Br J Cancer. 2021;125(5):714–716. doi:10.1038/s41416-021-01445-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang Y, Wang MC, Tian T, et al. A high preoperative platelet-lymphocyte ratio is a negative predictor of survival after liver resection for hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective study. Front Oncol. 2020;10:576205. doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.576205
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang C, He W, Yuan Y, et al. Comparison of the prognostic value of inflammation-based scores in early recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy. Liver Int. 2020;40(1):229–239. doi:10.1111/liv.14281
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li J, Tao H, Zhang E, Huang Z. Diagnostic value of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to alkaline phosphatase ratio combined with gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to aspartate aminotransferase ratio and alanine aminotransferase to aspartate aminotransferase ratio in alpha-fetoprotein-negative hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Med. 2021;10(14):4844–4854. doi:10.1002/cam4.4057
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang G, Lu X, Du Q, et al. Diagnostic value of the γ-glutamyltransferase and alanine transaminase ratio, alpha-fetoprotein, and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist II in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):13519. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-70241-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang L, Mo Z, Hu Z, et al. Diagnostic value of fibrinogen to prealbumin ratio and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to platelet ratio in the progression of AFP-negative hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int. 2020;20:77. doi:10.1186/s12935-020-1161-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu Q, Yan Y, Gu S, et al. A novel inflammation-based prognostic score: the fibrinogen/albumin ratio predicts prognoses of patients after curative resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Immunol Res. 2018;2018:4925498. doi:10.1155/2018/4925498
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo QQ, Wang T, Zhang KH. New indexes derived from routine blood tests and their clinical application in hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2022;46(10):102043. doi:10.1016/j.clinre.2022.102043
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reig M, Forner A, Rimola J, et al. BCLC strategy for prognosis prediction and treatment recommendation: the 2022 update. J Hepatol. 2022;76(3):681–693. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2021.11.018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee CW, Tsai HI, Yu MC, et al. A proposal for T1 subclassification in hepatocellular carcinoma: reappraisal of the AJCC. Hepatol Int. 2022:16(6);1353–1367. doi:10.1007/s12072-022-10422-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li W, Lv XZ, Zheng X, et al. Machine learning-based ultrasomics improves the diagnostic performance in differentiating focal nodular hyperplasia and atypical hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol. 2021;11:544979. doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.544979
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang Q, Pan F, Li W, et al. Differential diagnosis of atypical hepatocellular carcinoma in contrast-enhanced ultrasound using spatio-temporal diagnostic semantics. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform. 2020;24(10):2860–2869. doi:10.1109/JBHI.2020.2977937
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreira AJ, Rodrigues GR, Bona S, et al. Ductular reaction, cytokeratin 7 positivity, and gamma-glutamyl transferase in multistage hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. Protoplasma. 2017;254(2):911–920. doi:10.1007/s00709-016-1000-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurokawa T, Ohkohchi N. Platelets in liver disease, cancer and regeneration. World J Gastroenterol. 2017;23(18):3228–3239. doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i18.3228
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bihari C, Rastogi A, Shasthry SM, et al. Platelets contribute to growth and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma. APMIS. 2016;124(9):776–786. doi:10.1111/apm.12574
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park YE, Kim BK, Park JY, et al. Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-to-platelet ratio is an independent predictor of hepatitis B virus-related liver cancer. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;32(6):1221–1229. doi:10.1111/jgh.13653
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang D, Wu H, Nong W, et al. A new model based on gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to platelet ratio (GPR) predicts prognostic outcome after curative resection of solitary hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2021;45(5):101509. doi:10.1016/j.clinre.2020.07.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• She S, Xiang Y, Yang M, et al. C-reactive protein is a biomarker of AFP-negative HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Oncol. 2015;47(2):543–554. doi:10.3892/ijo.2015.3042
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trevisani F, D’Intino PE, Morselli-Labate AM, et al. Serum alpha-fetoprotein for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic liver disease: influence of HBsAg and anti-HCV status. J Hepatol. 2001;34(4):570–575. doi:10.1016/s0168-8278(00)00053-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar