Systemic Inflammatory Response in Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage from Aneurysmal Rupture versus Subarachnoid Hemorrhage of Unknown Origin

References

• Hop JW, Rinkel GJ, Algra A, van Gijn J. Case-fatality rates and functional outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review. Stroke. 1997;28(3):660–664. doi:10.1161/01.STR.28.3.660
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayberg MR. Cerebral vasospasm. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 1998;9(3):615–627. doi:10.1016/S1042-3680(18)30256-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sweeney K, Silver N, Javadpour M. Subarachnoid haemorrhage (spontaneous aneurysmal). BMJ Clin Evid. 2016;2016:548.
   Google Scholar
• Alhoobi M, Abu-Qadous F, Khan M, et al. Ten Years’ Experiences in the Treatment of Nonaneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: a Retrospective Analysis of Outcome Parameters in a Single-Center Study. Asian J Neurosurg. 2020;15(2):315–321. doi:10.4103/ajns.AJNS_315_19
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kanjilal S, Mehrotra A, Singh V, et al. Non-aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: is the deep venous system the hidden culprit? Acta Neurochir. 2022;164(7):1827–1835. doi:10.1007/s00701-022-05222-w
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boswell S, Thorell W, Gogela S, Lyden E, Surdell D. Angiogram-negative subarachnoid hemorrhage: outcomes data and review of the literature. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2013;22(6):750–757. doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2012.02.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burke T, Hughes S, Carr A, Javadpour M, Pender N, Systematic A. Review of Cognitive Outcomes in Angiographically Negative Subarachnoid Haemorrhage. Neuropsychol Rev. 2018;28(4):453–469. doi:10.1007/s11065-018-9389-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Germano A, Caruso G, Caffo M, et al. Does subarachnoid blood extravasation per se induce long-term neuropsychological and cognitive alterations? Acta Neurochir. 1998;140(8):805–811. doi:10.1007/s007010050182
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohan M, Islim AI, Rasul FT, et al. Subarachnoid haemorrhage with negative initial neurovascular imaging: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Neurochir. 2019;161(10):2013–2026. doi:10.1007/s00701-019-04025-w
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang MD, Fu QH, Song MJ, Ma WB, Zhang JH, Wang ZX. Novel Subgroups in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Their Association With Outcomes-A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression. Front Aging Neurosci. 2020;12:573454. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2020.573454
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hui FK, Tumialan LM, Tanaka T, Cawley CM, Zhang YJ. Clinical differences between angiographically negative, diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage and perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care. 2009;11(1):64–70. doi:10.1007/s12028-009-9203-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beseoglu K, Pannes S, Steiger HJ, Hanggi D. Long-term outcome and quality of life after nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Acta Neurochir. 2010;152(3):409–416. doi:10.1007/s00701-009-0518-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Renou P, Tourdias T, Fleury O, Debruxelles S, Rouanet F, Sibon I. Atraumatic nonaneurysmal sulcal subarachnoid hemorrhages: a diagnostic workup based on a case series. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2012;34(2):147–152. doi:10.1159/000339685
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar S, Goddeau RP, Selim MH, et al. Atraumatic convexal subarachnoid hemorrhage: clinical presentation, imaging patterns, and etiologies. Neurology. 2010;74(11):893–899. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181d55efa
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Konczalla J, Platz J, Schuss P, Vatter H, Seifert V, Guresir E. Non-aneurysmal non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage: patient characteristics, clinical outcome and prognostic factors based on a single-center experience in 125 patients. BMC Neurol. 2014;14:140. doi:10.1186/1471-2377-14-140
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider UC, Xu R, Vajkoczy P. Inflammatory Events Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH). Curr Neuropharmacol. 2018;16(9):1385–1395. doi:10.2174/1570159X16666180412110919
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeyu Z, Yuanjian F, Cameron L, Sheng C. The role of immune inflammation in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Exp Neurol. 2021;336:113535. doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113535
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muroi C, Bellut D, Coluccia D, Mink S, Fujioka M, Keller E. Systemic interleukin-6 concentrations in patients with perimesencephalic non-aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Clin Neurosci. 2011;18(12):1626–1629. doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2011.03.022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muroi C, Seule M, Sikorski C, Dent W, Keller E. Systemic interleukin-6 levels reflect illness course and prognosis of patients with spontaneous nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2013;115:77–80. doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-1192-5_17
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bacigaluppi S, Ivaldi F, Bragazzi NL, et al. An Early Increase of Blood Leukocyte Subsets in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Is Predictive of Vasospasm. Front Neurol. 2020;11:587039. doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.587039
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Connolly ES, Rabinstein AA, Carhuapoma JR, et al. Guidelines for the management of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2012;43(6):1711–1737. doi:10.1161/STR.0b013e3182587839
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steiner T, Juvela S, Unterberg A, et al. European Stroke Organization guidelines for the management of intracranial aneurysms and subarachnoid haemorrhage. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2013;35(2):93–112. doi:10.1159/000346087
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marcolini E, Hine J. Approach to the Diagnosis and Management of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. West J Emerg Med. 2019;20(2):203–211. doi:10.5811/westjem.2019.1.37352
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dorsch N. A clinical review of cerebral vasospasm and delayed ischaemia following aneurysm rupture. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2011;110(Pt 1):5–6. doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-0353-1_1
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Roa JA, Sarkar D, Zanaty M, et al. Preliminary results in the analysis of the immune response after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):11809. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-68861-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang H. Sample size determination and power analysis using the G*Power software. J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2021;18:17. doi:10.3352/jeehp.2021.18.17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Schaaf IC, Velthuis BK, Gouw A, Rinkel GJ. Venous drainage in perimesencephalic hemorrhage. Stroke. 2004;35(7):1614–1618. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000131657.08655.ce
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ronkainen A, Hernesniemi J. Subarachnoid haemorrhage of unknown aetiology. Acta Neurochir. 1992;119(1–4):29–34. doi:10.1007/BF01541778
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bashir A, Mikkelsen R, Sorensen L, Sunde N. Non-aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: when is a second angiography indicated? Neuroradiol J. 2018;31(3):244–252. doi:10.1177/1971400917743100
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maslehaty H, Petridis AK, Barth H, Mehdorn HM. Diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging in perimesencephalic and nonperimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage of unknown origin. J Neurosurg. 2011;114(4):1003–1007. doi:10.3171/2010.6.JNS10310
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elhadi AM, Zabramski JM, Almefty KK, et al. Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage of unknown origin: hospital course and long-term clinical and angiographic follow-up. J Neurosurg. 2015;122(3):663–670. doi:10.3171/2014.10.JNS14175
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cai L, Zeng H, Tan X, Wu X, Qian C, Chen G. The Role of the Blood Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Front Neurol. 2021;12:671098. doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.671098
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bolton WS, Gharial PK, Akhunbay-Fudge C, Chumas P, Mathew RK, Anderson IA. Day 2 neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios for prediction of delayed cerebral ischemia in subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurg Focus. 2022;52(3):E4. doi:10.3171/2021.12.FOCUS21642
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu Y, He Q, Wei Y, et al. The association of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and delayed cerebral ischemia in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: possible involvement of cerebral blood perfusion. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2019;15:1001–1007. doi:10.2147/NDT.S190477
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dowlati E, Mualem W, Carpenter A, et al. Early Fevers and Elevated Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio are Associated with Repeat Endovascular Interventions for Cerebral Vasospasm in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care. 2022;36(3):916–926. doi:10.1007/s12028-021-01399-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang JJ, Dowlati E, Triano M, et al. Admission Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio for Predicting Outcome in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2021;30(9):105936. doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105936
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giede-Jeppe A, Reichl J, Sprugel MI, et al. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as an independent predictor for unfavorable functional outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg. 2019;132(2):400–407. doi:10.3171/2018.9.JNS181975
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jamali SA, Turnbull MT, Kanekiyo T, et al. Elevated Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio is Predictive of Poor Outcomes Following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2020;29(4):104631. doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.104631
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Y, Yang P, Gu B, Wang J. Comparison of the Diagnostic Values of Neutrophil, Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio, and Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio in Distinguishing Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage from Nontraumatic Acute Headache. Clin Lab. 2019;65(10):845.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yi HJ, Lee DH, Sung JH. Inflammation-based Scores are Associated with the Prognosis of Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage After Neuro-intervention. Curr Neurovasc Res. 2020;17(5):676–685. doi:10.2174/1567202617999201117120905
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yun S, Yi HJ, Lee DH, Sung JH. Systemic Inflammation Response Index and Systemic Immune-inflammation Index for Predicting the Prognosis of Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2021;30(8):105861. doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105861
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li J, Zhou K, Wang L, Cao Q. Predictive Model of Cerebral Vasospasm in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Based on Regression Equation. Scanning. 2022;2022:3397967. doi:10.1155/2022/3397967
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nobrega Lima Rodrigues de Morais A, Ribeiro Baylão VM, Martins Silva T, Gomes Dos Santos A, Azevedo M, J. M. de Oliveira A. Is neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio a useful tool for predicting outcome in subarachnoid hemorrhage? A systematic review. Neurosurg Rev. 2021;44(6):3023–3028. doi:10.1007/s10143-021-01484-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kox M, Pompe J, Hoedemaekers A, Pickkers P. Does subarachnoid haemorrhage affect the innate immune response? Intensive Care Med. 2007;33(7):1303. doi:10.1007/s00134-007-0664-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gris T, Laplante P, Thebault P, et al. Innate immunity activation in the early brain injury period following subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neuroinflammation. 2019;16(1):253. doi:10.1186/s12974-019-1629-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu F, Liu Z, Li G, et al. Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: potential Targets for Improving Prognosis After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Front Cell Neurosci. 2021;15:739506. doi:10.3389/fncel.2021.739506
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar