“But that is your opinion”: the dark side of postmodern pain medicine creating a postmodern patient autonomy

References

• GarciaANSalloumIMPolysomnographic sleep disturbances in nicotine, caffeine, alcohol, cocaine, opioid, and cannabis use: A focused reviewAm J Addict201524759059826346395
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CarrDBPostmodern pain education: “from being to becoming”Pain201859Suppl 1S49S55
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LyotardJFThe Postmodern Condition: A Report on KnowledgeLa condition postmoderne: rapport sur le savoirParisMinuit1979
   Google Scholar
• GorskyDwebpage on the InternetPostmodernist attacks on science-based medicineScience-Based Medicine9152008 Available from: https://sciencebasedmedicine.org/postmodernist-attacks-on-science-based-medicine/Accessed September 23, 2018
   Google Scholar
• LebJSD’SouzaBSteinerRMMarijuana LungChronic Obstr Pulm Dis201851818329629408
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KallaAKrishnamoorthyPMGopalakrishnanAFigueredoVMCannabis use predicts risks of heart failure and cerebrovascular accidents: results from the national inpatient sampleJ Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown)201819948048429879084
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HenriquezJERizzoMDCrawfordRBGulickPKaminskiNEInterferon-α-mediated activation of T cells from healthy and HIV-infected individuals is suppressed by Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolJ Pharmacol Exp Ther20183671495830026298
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NourbakhshMMillerAGoftonJJonesGAdeagboBCannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome: reports of fatal casesJ Forensic Sci Epub2018516
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KhashabaEEl-HelalyMEl-GilanyAHMotaweiSMFodaSRisk factors for non-fatal occupational injuries among construction workers: A case-control studyToxicol Ind Health2018342839029132257
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DavisAKWaltonMABohnertKMBourqueCIlgenMAFactors associated with alcohol consumption among medical cannabis patients with chronic painAddict Behav20187716617129045928
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChoiNGMartiCNDiNittoDMChoiBYOlder adults’ marijuana use, injuries, and emergency department visitsAm J Drug Alcohol Abuse201844221522328481624
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coleman-CowgerVHOgaEAPetersENMarkKPrevalence and associated birth outcomes of co-use of Cannabis and tobacco cigarettes during pregnancyNeurotoxicol Teratol201868849029883744
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RabinRAKozakKZakzanisKKRemingtonGGeorgeTPEffects of extended cannabis abstinence on clinical symptoms in cannabis dependent schizophrenia patients versus e non-psychiatric controlsSchizophr Res2018194556128285022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MoulinVBaumannPGholamrezaeeMCannabis, a significant risk factor for violent behavior in the early phase psychosis. Two patterns of interaction of factors increase the risk of violent behavior: cannabis use disorder and impulsivity; cannabis use disorder, lack of insight and treatment adherenceFront Psychiatry2018929430022956
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RineerJRDuhart ClarkeSCluffLAPeiperNCComparing medical and recreational cannabis use among employees: associations with health and work-related outcomesInt Rev Psychiatry201830326827630179533
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MikulskayaEMartinFHContrast sensitivity and motion discrimination in cannabis usersPsychopharmacology (Berl) Epub2018616
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MicallefJDupoueyJJouveECannabis smoking impairs driving performance on the simulator and real driving: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trialFundam Clin Pharmacol201832555857029752828
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• US Food and Drug Administration [webpage on the Internet]Statement from FDA Commissioner Scott Gottlieb, M.D., on the agency’s scientific evidence on the presence of opioid compounds in kratom, underscoring its potential for abuse2018 Available from: https://www.fda.gov/newsevents/newsroom/pressannouncements/ucm595622.htmAccessed September 22, 2018
   Google Scholar
• MD-Health.com [webpage on the Internet]Drinking baking soda for your health Available from: http://www.md-health.com/Drinking-Baking-Soda.htmlAccessed September 23, 2018
   Google Scholar
• SchwalfenbergGKThe alkaline diet: is there evidence that an alkaline pH diet benefits health?J Environ Public Health2012201272763022013455
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• HietavalaEMPuurtinenRKainulainenHMeroAALow-protein vegetarian diet does not have a short-term effect on blood acid-base status but raises oxygen consumption during submaximal cyclingJ Int Soc Sports Nutr2012915023181739
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SchatmanMEThe American chronic pain crisis and the media: about time to get it right?J Pain Res2015888588726719722
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ManchikantiLFellowsBAilinaniHPampatiVTherapeutic use, abuse, and nonmedical use of opioids: a ten-year perspectivePain Physician201013540143520859312
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PortenoyRKFoleyKMChronic use of opioid analgesics in nonmalignant pain: report of 38 casesPain19862521711862873550
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PortenoyRKOpioid therapy for chronic nonmalignant pain: a review of the critical issuesJ Pain Symptom Manage19961142032178869456
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ManchikantiLVallejoRManchikantiKNBenyaminRMDattaSChristoPJEffectiveness of long-term opioid therapy for chronic non-cancer painPain Physician2011142E133E15621412378
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EisenbergESuzanEPudDOpioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH): a real clinical problem or just an experimental phenomenon?J Pain Symptom Manage201549363263625128284
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Washington State Agency Medical Directors’ Group (AMDG) in collaboration with an expert advisory panel, actively practicing providers, public stakeholders, and senior state officials. Interagency Guideline on Prescribing Opioids for Pain2015 Available from: http://www.agencymeddirectors.wa.gov/Files/2015AMDGOpioidGuideline.pdfAccessed September 23, 2018
   Google Scholar
• GigerenzerGFull disclosure about cancer screeningBMJ2016352h696726739799
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar