317
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Research

The Mediating Role of Emotion Dysregulation and Problematic Internet Use in the Relationship Between Negative Affect and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness: A Structural Equation Model

, , ORCID Icon, , , , ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon show all
Pages 291-302 | Published online: 24 Feb 2022

References

  • Pagel JF. Excessive daytime sleepiness. Am Fam Physician. 2009;79(5):391–396.
  • American Sleep Disorders Association. The International Classification of Sleep Disorders. Rochester, MN. American Sleep Disorders Association; 1990.
  • American Academy of Sleep Medicine. International Classification of Sleep Disorders. 3rd ed. Darien, IL: American Academy of Sleep Medicine; 2014.
  • Bjorvatn B, Pallesen S, Janne G, Sivertsen B, Lehmann S. Prevalence and correlates of insomnia and excessive sleepiness in adults with obstructive sleep apnea symptoms. Percept Mot Skills. 2014;118(2):571–586. doi:10.2466/15.06.PMS.118k20w3
  • Lopes C, Esteves AM, Bittencourt LRA, Tufik S, Mello MT. Relationship between the quality of life and the severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2008;41(10):908–913. doi:10.1590/S0100-879X2008005000036
  • Ishman SL, Cavey RM, Mettel TL, Gourin CG. Depression, sleepiness, and disease severity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Laryngoscope. 2010;120(11):2331–2335.
  • Reishtein JL, Pack AI, Maislin G, et al. Sleepiness and relationships in obstructive sleep apnea. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2006;27(3):319–330.
  • Mulgrew AT, Ryan CF, Fleetham JA, et al. The impact of obstructive sleep apnea and daytime sleepiness on work limitation. Sleep Med. 2007;9(1):42–53.
  • Roth T, Roehrs TA. Etiologies and sequelae of excessive daytime sleepiness. Clin Ther. 1996;18(4):562–576.
  • Ohayon MM. How sleep and mental disorders are related to complaints of daytime sleepiness. Arch Intern Med. 1997;157(22):2645. doi:10.1001/archinte.1997.00440430127015
  • Alcántara C, Biggs ML, Davidson KW, et al. Sleep disturbances and depression in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Sleep. 2016;39(4):915–925. doi:10.5665/sleep.5654
  • Adams RJ, Appleton SL, Vakulin A, et al. Association of daytime sleepiness with obstructive sleep apnoea and comorbidities varies by sleepiness definition in a population cohort of men. Respirology. 2016;21(7):1314–1321. doi:10.1111/resp.12829
  • Wilsmore BR, Grunstein RR, Fransen M, Woodward M, Norton R, Ameratunga S. Sleep habits, insomnia, and daytime sleepiness in a large and healthy community-based sample of New Zealanders. J Clin Sleep Med. 2013;9(6):559–566. doi:10.5664/jcsm.2750
  • Renko AK, Hiltunen L, Laakso M, Rajala U, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S. The relationship of glucose tolerance to sleep disorders and daytime sleepiness. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2005;67(1):84–91. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2004.06.003
  • Lin CY, Imani V, Griffiths MD, et al. Temporal associations between morningness/eveningness, problematic social media use, psychological distress and daytime sleepiness: mediated roles of sleep quality and insomnia among young adults. J Sleep Res. 2021;30(1):1–10. doi:10.1111/jsr.13076
  • Sameer HM, Imran N, Tarar TNKI. Association of excessive daytime sleepiness with psychological distress in medical students. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2020;20(22):1.
  • Theorell-Haglöw J, Åkerstedt T, Schwarz J, Lindberg E. Predictors for development of excessive daytime sleepiness in women: a population-based 10-year follow-up. Sleep. 2015;38(12):1995–2003. doi:10.5665/sleep.5258
  • Musetti A, Franceschini C, Pingani L, et al. Maladaptive daydreaming in an adult Italian population during the COVID-19 lockdown. Front Psychol. 2021;12:1–10. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.631979
  • Gratz KL, Roemer L. Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. J Psychopathol Behav Assess. 2004;26(1):41–54. doi:10.1023/B:JOBA.0000007455.08539.94
  • Bonanno GA. Loss, trauma, and human resilience: Have we underestimated the human capacity to thrive after extremely aversive events? Am Psychol. 2004;59(1):20–28. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.59.1.20
  • Blackledge JT, Hayes SC. Emotion regulation in acceptance and commitment therapy. J Clin Psychol. 2001;57(2):243–255. doi:10.1002/1097-4679(200102)57:2<243::AID-JCLP9>3.0.CO;2-X
  • Guerrini Usubini A, Cattivelli R, Varallo G, et al. The relationship between psychological distress during the second wave lockdown of COVID-19 and emotional eating in Italian young adults: the mediating role of emotional dysregulation. J Pers Med. 2021;11(6):569. doi:10.3390/jpm11060569
  • Bonn-Miller MO, Vujanovic AA, Boden MT, Gross JJ. Posttraumatic stress, difficulties in emotion regulation, and coping-oriented marijuana use. Cogn Behav Ther. 2011;40(1):34–44. doi:10.1080/16506073.2010.525253
  • Williams AD, Grisham JR. Impulsivity, emotion regulation, and mindful attentional focus in compulsive buying. Cognit Ther Res. 2012;36(5):451–457. doi:10.1007/s10608-011-9384-9
  • Weinstein A, Lejoyeux M. Internet addiction or excessive internet use. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2010;36(5):277–283. doi:10.3109/00952990.2010.491880
  • Beard KW, Wolf EM. Modification in the proposed diagnostic criteria for internet addiction. CyberPsychol Behav. 2001;4(3):377–383. doi:10.1089/109493101300210286
  • Shapira NA, Lessig MC, Goldsmith TD, et al. Problematic internet use: proposed classification and diagnostic criteria. Depress Anxiety. 2003;17(4):207–216. doi:10.1002/da.10094
  • Schimmenti A, Musetti A, Costanzo A, et al. The unfabulous four: maladaptive personality functioning, insecure attachment, dissociative experiences, and problematic internet use among young adults. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2021;19(2):447–461. doi:10.1007/s11469-019-00079-0
  • Schimmenti A, Passanisi A, Caretti V, et al. Traumatic experiences, alexithymia, and Internet addiction symptoms among late adolescents: a moderated mediation analysis. Addict Behav. 2017;64:314–320. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.11.002
  • Hui C, Ying S, YuHui W, JiaHu H, FangBiao T. Problematic internet use in Chinese adolescents and its relation to psychosomatic symptoms and life satisfaction. BMC Public Health. 2011;11(1):1–8.
  • D’Agostino A, Covanti S, Monti MR, Starcevic V. Reconsidering emotion dysregulation. Psychiatr Q. 2017;88(4):807–825. doi:10.1007/s11126-017-9499-6
  • Dimaggio G, Popolo R, Montano A, et al. Emotion dysregulation, symptoms, and interpersonal problems as independent predictors of a broad range of personality disorders in an outpatient sample. Psychol Psychother Theory Res Pract. 2017;90(4):586–599. doi:10.1111/papt.12126
  • Gioia F, Rega V, Boursier V. Problematic internet use and emotional dysregulation among young people: a literature review. Clin Neuropsychiatry. 2021;18(1):41–54. doi:10.36131/cnfioritieditore20210104
  • Kardefelt-Winther D. A conceptual and methodological critique of internet addiction research: towards a model of compensatory internet use. Comput Human Behav. 2014;31(1):351–354. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2013.10.059
  • Musetti A, Mancini T, Corsano P, Santoro G, Cavallini MC, Schimmenti A. Maladaptive personality functioning and psychopathological symptoms in problematic video game players: a person-centered approach. Front Psychol. 2019;10:1–14. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02559
  • Rogier G, Velotti P. Conceptualizing gambling disorder with the process model of emotion regulation. J Behav Addict. 2018;7(2):239–251. doi:10.1556/2006.7.2018.52
  • Tokunaga RS. Perspectives on internet addiction, problematic internet use, and deficient self-regulation: contributions of communication research. Ann Int Commun Assoc. 2015;39(1):131–161.
  • Schimmenti A, Caretti V. Psychic retreats or psychic pits?: Unbearable States of mind and technological addiction. Psychoanal Psychol. 2010;27(2):115–132. doi:10.1037/a0019414
  • Fung TW. Identity, emotional regulation and interpersonal relationship between highly and midly internet-addictive groups. Formosa J Ment Heal. 2002;15:65–76.
  • Musetti A, Cattivelli R, Giacobbi M, et al. Challenges in internet addiction disorder: is a diagnosis feasible or not? Front Psychol. 2016;7:(JUN):1–8. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00842
  • Musetti A, Cattivelli R, Zuglian P, et al. Internet addiction disorder o Internet related psychopathology?. G Ital Psicol. 2017;44(2):359–382.
  • Kokka I, Mourikis I, Nicolaides NC, et al. Exploring the effects of problematic internet use on adolescent sleep: a systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(2):1–14. doi:10.3390/ijerph18020760
  • Demir G, Arslan S, Kocoglu-Tanyer D. Daytime sleepiness in university students and internet addiction as the determinant. J Addict Nurs. 2020;31(3):153–160. doi:10.1097/JAN.0000000000000346
  • Cain N, Gradisar M. Electronic media use and sleep in school-aged children and adolescents: a review. Sleep Med. 2010;11(8):735–742. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2010.02.006
  • Shochat T, Flint-Bretler O, Tzischinsky O. Sleep patterns, electronic media exposure and daytime sleep-related behaviours among Israeli adolescents. Acta Paediatr Int J Paediatr. 2010;99(9):1396–1400. doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2010.01821.x
  • Arora T, Broglia E, Thomas GN, Taheri S. Associations between specific technologies and adolescent sleep quantity, sleep quality, and parasomnias. Sleep Med. 2014;15(2):240–247. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2013.08.799
  • Varghese NE, Santoro E, Lugo A, Madrid-Valero JJ, Ghislandi S, Torbica AGS. The role of technology and social media use in sleep-onset difficulties among Italian adolescents: cross-sectional study. J Med Internet Res. 2021;23(1):1. doi:10.2196/20319
  • Fossum IN, Nordnes LT, Storemark SS, Bjorvatn B, Pallesen S. The association between use of electronic media in bed before going to sleep and insomnia symptoms, daytime sleepiness, morningness, and chronotype. Behav Sleep Med. 2014;12(5):343–357. doi:10.1080/15402002.2013.819468
  • Choi K, Son H, Park M, et al. Internet overuse and excessive daytime sleepiness in adolescents: regular article. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2009;63(4):455–462. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1819.2009.01925.x
  • Alshareef S. The impact of bedtime technology use on sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness in adults. Sleep Sci. 2021. doi:10.5935/1984-0063.20200128
  • Lovibond S, Lovibond P. Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. Psychology Foundation of Australia; 1996.
  • Bottesi G, Ghisi M, Altoè G, Conforti E, Melli G, Sica C. The Italian version of the depression anxiety stress scales-21: factor structure and psychometric properties on community and clinical samples. Compr Psychiatry. 2015;60:170–181. doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.04.005
  • Giromini L, Velotti P, De Campora G, Bonalume L, Cesare Zavattini G. Cultural adaptation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale: reliability and validity of an Italian version. J Clin Psychol. 2012;68(9):989–1007. doi:10.1002/jclp.21876
  • Johns MW. A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth sleepiness scale. Sleep. 1991;14(6):540–545. doi:10.1093/sleep/14.6.540
  • Vignatelli L, Plazzi G, Barbato A, et al. Italian version of the Epworth sleepiness scale: external validity. Neurol Sci. 2003;23(6):295–300. doi:10.1007/s100720300004
  • Meerkerk GJ, Van Den Eijnden RJJM, Vermulst AA, Garretsen HFL. The Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS): some psychometric properties. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2009;12(1):1–6. doi:10.1089/cpb.2008.0181
  • Lopez-Fernandez O, Griffiths MD, Kuss DJ, et al. Cross-cultural validation of the compulsive internet use scale in four forms and eight languages. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw. 2019;22(7):451–464. doi:10.1089/cyber.2018.0731
  • Hu LT, Bentler PM. Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Struct Equ Model. 1999;6(1):1–55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118
  • Kline RB. Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modelling. 3th ed. London: The Guilford Press; 2015.
  • Blasi MDI, Giardina A, Giordano C, et al. Problematic video game use as an emotional coping strategy: evidence from a sample of MMORPG gamers. J Behav Addict. 2019;8(1):25–34. doi:10.1556/2006.8.2019.02
  • Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN, Lin HM, Calhoun SL, Vela-Bueno A, Kales A. Excessive daytime sleepiness in a general population sample: the role of sleep apnea, age, obesity, diabetes, and depression. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90(8):4510–4515. doi:10.1210/jc.2005-0035
  • Chellappa SL, Araújo JF. Excessive daytime sleepiness in patients with depressive disorder. Rev Bras Psiquiatr. 2006;28(2):126–129. doi:10.1590/S1516-44462006000200010
  • Mume CO. Excessive daytime sleepiness among depressed patients. Libyan J Med. 2010;5(1):1–4.
  • Theorell-Haglöw J, Lindberg E, Janson C. What are the important risk factors for daytime sleepiness and fatigue in women?. Sleep. 2006;29(6):751–757.
  • Smith S, Rossdale J, Serry Y, Sekaran A, Drakatos P, Steier J. Multiple dimensions of excessive daytime sleepiness. J Thorac Dis. 2018;10(5):S170–6.
  • Vandekerckhove M, Wang YL. Emotion, emotion regulation and sleep: an intimate relationship. AIMS Neurosci. 2018;5(1):1–17.
  • Musetti A, Terrone G, Schimmenti A. An exploratory study on problematic internet use predictors: Which role for attachment and dissociation?. Clin Neuropsychiatry. 2018;15(1):35–41.
  • Shaw M, Black DW. Internet addiction: definition, assessment, epidemiology and clinical management. CNS Drugs. 2008;22(5):353–365.
  • Singh LK, Suchandra KH, Pattajoshi A, et al. Internet addiction and daytime sleepiness among professionals in India: a web-based survey. Indian J Psychiatry. 2019;61(3):265–269.
  • Guo L, Luo M, Wang WX, et al. Association between problematic Internet use, sleep disturbance, and suicidal behavior in Chinese adolescents. J Behav Addict. 2018;7(4):965–975.
  • Do KY, Lee KS. Relationship between problematic internet use, sleep problems, and oral health in Korean adolescents: a national survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018;15(9):1–14.
  • Park MH, Park S, Jung KI, Kim JI, Cho SC, Kim BN. Moderating effects of depressive symptoms on the relationship between problematic use of the Internet and sleep problems in Korean adolescents. BMC Psychiatry. 2018;18(1):1–8.
  • Deleuze J, Maurage P, Schimmenti A, Nuyens F, Melzer A, Billieux J. Escaping reality through videogames is linked to an implicit preference for virtual over real-life stimuli. J Affect Disord. 2019;245:1024–1031.
  • Pettorruso M, Valle S, Cavic E, Martinotti G, Di Giannantonio M, Grant JE. Problematic Internet use (PIU), personality profiles and emotion dysregulation in a cohort of young adults: trajectories from risky behaviors to addiction. Psychiatry Res. 2020;289:113036.
  • Giardina A, Di Blasi M, Schimmenti A, et al. Online gaming and prolonged self-isolation: evidence from Italian gamers during the COVID-19 outbreak. Clin Neuropsychiatry. 2021;18(1):65–74.
  • Giardina A, Starcevic V, King DL, Schimmenti A, Di Blasi M, Billieux J. Research directions in the study of gaming-related escapism: a commentary to Melodia, Canale, and Griffiths (2020). Int J Ment Health Addict. 2021;0123456789. doi:10.1007/s11469-021-00642-8
  • Rahman SA, St. Hilaire MA, Lockley SW. The effects of spectral tuning of evening ambient light on melatonin suppression, alertness and sleep. Physiol Behav. 2017;177:221–229. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.05.002
  • Grønli J, Byrkjedal IK, Bjorvatn B, Nødtvedt O, Hamre B, Pallesen S. Reading from an iPad or from a book in bed: the impact on human sleep. A randomized controlled crossover trial. Sleep Med. 2016;21:86–92. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2016.02.006
  • Heo JY, Kim K, Fava M, et al. Effects of smartphone use with and without blue light at night in healthy adults: a randomized, double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled comparison. J Psychiatr Res. 2017;87(2017):61–70. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.12.010
  • Touitou Y, Reinberg A, Touitou D. Association between light at night, melatonin secretion, sleep deprivation, and the internal clock: health impacts and mechanisms of circadian disruption. Life Sci. 2017;173:94–106. doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2017.02.008
  • Rångtell FH, Ekstrand E, Rapp L, et al. Two hours of evening reading on a self-luminous tablet vs. reading a physical book does not alter sleep after daytime bright light exposure. Sleep Med. 2016;23:111–118. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2016.06.016
  • Bedrosian TA, Nelson RJ. Timing of light exposure affects mood and brain circuits. Transl Psychiatry. 2017;7(1). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/tp.2016.262
  • Bhat S, Pinto-Zipp G, Upadhyay H, Polos PG. “To sleep, perchance to tweet”: in-bed electronic social media use and its associations with insomnia, daytime sleepiness, mood, and sleep duration in adults. Sleep Health. 2018;4(2):166–173. doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2017.12.004
  • Slater G, Steier J. Excessive daytime sleepiness in sleep disorders. J Thorac Dis. 2012;4(6):608–616.