Comparison of the iLUX and the LipiFlow for the Treatment of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction and Symptoms: A Randomized Clinical Trial

References

• Schaumberg DA, Nichols JJ, Papas EB, Tong L, Uchino M, Nichols KK. The international workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: report of the subcommittee on the epidemiology of, and associated risk factors for, MGD. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52:1994–2005. doi:10.1167/iovs.10-6997e
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupta PK, Stevens MN, Kashyap N, Priestley Y. Prevalence of meibomian gland atrophy in a pediatric population. Cornea. 2018;37:426–430. doi:10.1097/ICO.0000000000001476
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arita R, Fukuoka S, Morishige N. Meibomian gland dysfunction and contact lens discomfort. Eye Contact Lens. 2017;43:17–22. doi:10.1097/ICL.0000000000000351
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blackie CA, Korb DR, Knop E, Bedi R, Knop N, Holland EJ. Nonobvious obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction. Cornea. 2010;29:1333–1345. doi:10.1097/ICO.0b013e3181d4f366
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geerling G, Tauber J, Baudouin C, et al. The international workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: report of the subcommittee on management and treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52:2050–2064. doi:10.1167/iovs.10-6997g
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fogt JS, Kowalski MJ, King-Smith PE, et al. Tear lipid layer thickness with eye drops in meibomian gland dysfunction. Clin Ophthalmol. 2016;10:2237–2243. doi:10.2147/OPTH
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korb DR, Scaffidi RC, Greiner JV, et al. The effect of two novel lubricant eye drops on tear film lipid layer thickness in subjects with dry eye symptoms. Optom Vis Sci. 2005;82:594–601. doi:10.1097/01.opx.0000171818.01353.8c
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakassegawa-Naves FE, Ricci HMM, Moscovici BK, et al. Tacrolimus ointment for refractory posterior blepharitis. Curr Eye Res. 2017;42:1440–1444. doi:10.1080/02713683.2017.1339805
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korb DR, Blackie CA. Debridement-scaling: a new procedure that increases meibomian gland function and reduces dry eye symptoms. Cornea. 2013;32:1554–1557. doi:10.1097/ICO.0b013e3182a73843
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blackie CA, Coleman CA, Holland EJ. The sustained effect (12 months) of a single-dose vectored thermal pulsation procedure for meibomian gland dysfunction and evaporative dry eye. Clin Ophthalmol. 2016;10:1385–1396. doi:10.2147/OPTH
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seo KY, Kang SM, Ha DY, Chin HS, Jung JW. Long-term effects of intense pulsed light treatment on the ocular surface in patients with rosacea-associated meibomian gland dysfunction. Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2018;41:430–435. doi:10.1016/j.clae.2018.06.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ong BL, Larke JR. Meibomian gland dysfunction: some clinical, biochemical and physical observations. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 1990;10:144–148. doi:10.1111/opo.1990.10.issue-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terada O, Chiba K, Senoo T, Obara Y. [Ocular surface temperature of meibomia gland dysfunction patients and the melting point of meibomian gland secretions]. Nihon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi. 2004;108:690–693.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bitton E, Lacroix Z, Leger S. In-vivo heat retention comparison of eyelid warming masks. Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2016;39:311–315. doi:10.1016/j.clae.2016.04.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murakami DK, Blackie CA, Korb DR. All warm compresses are not equally efficacious. Optom Vis Sci. 2015;92:e327–e333. doi:10.1097/OPX.0000000000000675
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller KL, Walt JG, Mink DR, et al. Minimal clinically important difference for the ocular surface disease index. Arch Ophthalmol. 2010;128:94–101. doi:10.1001/archophthalmol.2009.356
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greiner JV. Long-term (12-month) improvement in meibomian gland function and reduced dry eye symptoms with a single thermal pulsation treatment. Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2013;41:524–530. doi:10.1111/ceo.2013.41.issue-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greiner JV. A single LipiFlow(R) thermal pulsation system treatment improves meibomian gland function and reduces dry eye symptoms for 9 months. Curr Eye Res. 2012;37:272–278. doi:10.3109/02713683.2011.631721
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blackie CA, Carlson AN, Korb DR. Treatment for meibomian gland dysfunction and dry eye symptoms with a single-dose vectored thermal pulsation: a review. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2015;26:306–313. doi:10.1097/ICU.0000000000000165
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lane SS, DuBiner HB, Epstein RJ, et al. A new system, the LipiFlow, for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction. Cornea. 2012;31:396–404. doi:10.1097/ICO.0b013e318239aaea
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomlinson A, Bron AJ, Korb DR, et al. The international workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: report of the diagnosis subcommittee. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52:2006–2049. doi:10.1167/iovs.10-6997f
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walt JG, Rowe MM, Stern KL. Evaluating the functional impact of dry eye: the ocular surface disease index. Drug Inf J. 1997; 31(1436): [abstract].
   Google Scholar
• Schiffman RM, Christianson MD, Jacobsen G, Hirsch JD, Reis BL. Reliability and validity of the ocular surface disease index. Arch Ophthalmol. 2000;118:615–621. doi:10.1001/archopht.118.5.615
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arita R, Itoh K, Inoue K, Amano S. Noncontact infrared meibography to document age-related changes of the meibomian glands in a normal population. Ophthalmology. 2008;115:911–915. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2007.06.031
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lemp MA. Report of the National Eye Institute/industry workshop on clinical trials in dry eyes. CLAO J. 1995;21:221–232.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Asbell PA, Maguire MG, Pistilli M, et al.; Dry Eye Assessment and Management Study Research Group. n-3 fatty acid supplementation for the treatment of dry eye disease. N Engl J Med. 2018;378:1681–1690. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1709691.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stevenson D, Tauber J, Reis BL. Efficacy and safety of cyclosporin A ophthalmic emulsion in the treatment of moderate-to-severe dry eye disease: a dose-ranging, randomized trial. The Cyclosporin A Phase 2 Study Group. Ophthalmology. 2000;107:967–974. doi:10.1016/S0161-6420(00)00035-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Semba CP, Torkildsen GL, Lonsdale JD, et al. A phase 2 randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study of a novel integrin antagonist (SAR 1118) for the treatment of dry eye. Am J Ophthalmol. 2012;153:1050–1060. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2011.11.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheppard JD, Torkildsen GL, Lonsdale JD, et al. OPUS-1 Study Group. Lifitegrast ophthalmic solution 5.0% for treatment of dry eye disease: results of the OPUS-1 Phase 3 study. Ophthalmology. 2014;121:475–483. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.09.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson JD, Shimazaki J, Benitez-del-Castillo JM, et al. The international workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: report of the definition and classification subcommittee. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52:1930–1937. doi:10.1167/iovs.10-6997b
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bron AJ, de Paiva CS, Chauhan SK, et al. TFOS DEWS II pathophysiology report. Ocul Surf. 2017;15:438–510. doi:10.1016/j.jtos.2017.05.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finis D, Hayajneh J, Konig C, Borrelli M, Schrader S, Geerling G. Evaluation of an automated thermodynamic treatment (LipiFlow(R)) system for meibomian gland dysfunction: a prospective, randomized, observer-masked trial. Ocul Surf. 2014;12:146–154. doi:10.1016/j.jtos.2013.12.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finis D, Konig C, Hayajneh J, Borrelli M, Schrader S, Geerling G. Six-month effects of a thermodynamic treatment for MGD and implications of meibomian gland atrophy. Cornea. 2014;33:1265–1270. doi:10.1097/ICO.0000000000000273
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedland BR, Fleming CP, Blackie CA, Korb DR. A novel thermodynamic treatment for meibomian gland dysfunction. Curr Eye Res. 2011;36:79–87. doi:10.3109/02713683.2010.509529
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Satjawatcharaphong P, Ge S, Lin MC. Clinical outcomes associated with thermal pulsation system treatment. Optom Vis Sci. 2015;92:e334–e341. doi:10.1097/OPX.0000000000000670
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King-Smith PE, Ramamoorthy P, Braun RJ, Nichols JJ. Tear film images and breakup analyzed using fluorescent quenching. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013;54:6003–6011. doi:10.1167/iovs.13-12628
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greiner JV. Long-term (3 year) effects of a single thermal pulsation system treatment on meibomian gland function and dry eye symptoms. Eye Contact Lens. 2016;42:99–107. doi:10.1097/ICL.0000000000000166
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayaki M, Kawashima M, Uchino M, Tsubota K, Negishi K. Possible association between subtypes of dry eye disease and seasonal variation. Clin Ophthalmol. 2017;11:1769–1775. doi:10.2147/OPTH
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar