257
Views
18
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Contact lens associated microbial keratitis: practical considerations for the optometrist

, &
Pages 1-12 | Published online: 29 Jan 2016

References

  • NicholsJJContact lenses 2014Contact Lens Spectrum20153012227
  • DartJKStapletonFMinassianDContact lenses and other risk factors in microbial keratitisLancet199133887686506531679472
  • FurlanettoRLAndreoEGFinottiIGArcieriESFerreiraMARochaFJEpidemiology and etiologic diagnosis of infectious keratitis in Uberlandia, BrazilEur J Ophthalmol201020349850320175055
  • ShahVMTandonRSatpathyGRandomized clinical study for comparative evaluation of fourth-generation fluoroquinolones with the combination of fortified antibiotics in the treatment of bacterial corneal ulcersCornea201029775175720489580
  • BourcierTThomasFBorderieVChaumeilCLarocheLBacterial keratitis: predisposing factors, clinical and microbiological review of 300 casesBr J Ophthalmol200387783483812812878
  • GreenMApelAStapletonFRisk factors and causative organisms in microbial keratitisCornea2008271222718245962
  • KeayLEdwardsKNaduvilathTFordeKStapletonFFactors affecting the morbidity of contact lens-related microbial keratitis: a population studyInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci200647104302430817003419
  • PoggioECGlynnRJScheinODThe incidence of ulcerative keratitis among users of daily-wear and extended-wear soft contact lensesN Engl J Med1989321127797832770809
  • StapletonFKeayLEdwardsKThe incidence of contact lens-related microbial keratitis in AustraliaOphthalmology2008115101655166218538404
  • LamDSHouangEFanDSIncidence and risk factors for microbial keratitis in Hong Kong: comparison with Europe and North AmericaEye200216560861812194077
  • ChengKHLeungSLHoekmanHWIncidence of contact-lens-associated microbial keratitis and its related morbidityLancet1999354917418118510421298
  • SealDVKirknessCMBennettHGPetersonMKeratitis StudyGAcanthamoeba keratitis in Scotland: risk factors for contact lens wearersCont Lens Anterior Eye1999222586816303407
  • DartJKRadfordCFMinassianDVermaSStapletonFRisk factors for microbial keratitis with contemporary contact lenses: a case-control studyOphthalmology200811510164716541654.e1641e164318597850
  • ScheinODMcNallyJJKatzJThe incidence of microbial keratitis among wearers of a 30-day silicone hydrogel extended-wear contact lensOphthalmology2005112122172217916325711
  • Szczotka-FlynnLDiazMRisk of corneal inflammatory events with silicone hydrogel and low dk hydrogel extended contact lens wear: a meta-analysisOptom Vis Sci200784424725617435508
  • StapletonFKeayLEdwardsKHoldenBThe epidemiology of microbial keratitis with silicone hydrogel contact lensesEye Contact Lens2013391798523172318
  • RobertsonDMThe effects of silicone hydrogel lens wear on the corneal epithelium and risk for microbial keratitisEye Contact Lens2013391677223266590
  • BullimoreMASinnottLTJones-JordanLAThe risk of microbial keratitis with overnight corneal reshaping lensesOptom Vis Sci201390993794423892491
  • ChanTCLiEYWongVWJhanjiVOrthokeratology-associated infectious keratitis in a tertiary care eye hospital in Hong KongAm J Ophthalmol2014158611301135.e113225158307
  • WattKGSwarbrickHATrends in microbial keratitis associated with orthokeratologyEye Contact Lens2007336 Pt 2373377 discussion 38217975424
  • GrayTBCursonsRTSherwanJFRosePRAcanthamoeba, bacterial, and fungal contamination of contact lens storage casesBr J Ophthalmol19957966016057626578
  • HouangELamDFanDSealDMicrobial keratitis in Hong Kong: relationship to climate, environment and contact-lens disinfectionTrans R Soc Trop Med Hyg200195436136711579873
  • MorganPBEfronNBrennanNAHillEARaynorMKTulloABRisk factors for the development of corneal infiltrative events associated with contact lens wearInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci20054693136314316123412
  • StapletonFDartJKMinassianDRisk factors with contact lens related suppurative keratitisCLAO J19931942042108261602
  • CarntNAWillcoxMDHauSImmune defense single nucleotide polymorphisms and recruitment strategies associated with contact lens keratitisOphthalmology2012119101997200222809755
  • CarntNAWillcoxMDHauSAssociation of single nucleotide polymorphisms of interleukins-1beta, -6, and -12B with contact lens keratitis susceptibility and severityOphthalmology201211971320132722503230
  • SauerABourcierTFrench Study Group for Contact Lenses Related MicrobialKMicrobial keratitis as a foreseeable complication of cosmetic contact lenses: a prospective studyActa Ophthalmol2011895e439e44221401905
  • RadfordCFBaconASDartJKMinassianDCRisk factors for acanthamoeba keratitis in contact lens users: a case–control studyBMJ19953106994156715707787645
  • ChangDCGrantGBO’DonnellKMultistate outbreak of Fusarium keratitis associated with use of a contact lens solutionJAMA2006296895396316926355
  • VeraniJRLorickSAYoderJSNational outbreak of Acanthamoeba keratitis associated with use of a contact lens solution, United StatesEmerg Infect Dis20091581236124219751585
  • NielsenSENielsenEJulianHOIncidence and clinical characteristics of fungal keratitis in a Danish population from 2000 to 2013Acta Ophthalmol2015931545824836583
  • BharathiMJRamakrishnanRMeenakshiRPadmavathySShivakumarCSrinivasanMMicrobial keratitis in South India: influence of risk factors, climate, and geographical variationOphthalmic Epidemiol2007142616917464852
  • TanureMACohenEJSudeshSRapuanoCJLaibsonPRSpectrum of fungal keratitis at Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaCornea200019330731210832689
  • RitterbandDCSeedorJAShahMKKoplinRSMcCormickSAFungal keratitis at the New York eye and ear infirmaryCornea200625326426716633023
  • CDC.gov [homepage on the Internet]Parasites – Acanthamoeba – Granulomatous Amebic Encephalitis (GAE); Keratitis [updated August 24, 2012] Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/acanthamoeba/epi.htmlAccessed June 24, 2015
  • MascarenhasJLalithaPPrajnaNVAcanthamoeba, fungal, and bacterial keratitis: a comparison of risk factors and clinical featuresAm J Ophthalmol20141571566224200232
  • WhitingMARaynorMKMorganPBGallowayPToleDMTulloAContinuous wear silicone hydrogel contact lenses and microbial keratitisEye200418993593715094738
  • FleiszigSMMcNamaraNAEvansDJThe tear film and defense against infectionAdv Exp Med Biol2002506Pt A52353012613956
  • FlanaganJLWillcoxMDRole of lactoferrin in the tear filmBiochimie2009911354318718499
  • EvansDJFleiszigSMWhy does the healthy cornea resist Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection?Am J Ophthalmol20131556961970.e96223601656
  • AlarconITamCMunJJLeDueJEvansDJFleiszigSMFactors impacting corneal epithelial barrier function against Pseudomonas aeruginosa traversalInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci20115231368137721051692
  • TamCMunJJEvansDJFleiszigSMThe impact of inoculation parameters on the pathogenesis of contact lens-related infectious keratitisInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci20105163100310620130275
  • LadagePMJesterJVPetrollWMBergmansonJPCavanaghHDVertical movement of epithelial basal cells toward the corneal surface during use of extended-wear contact lensesInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci20034431056106312601029
  • CavanaghHDThe effects of low- and hyper-Dk contact lenses on corneal epithelial homeostasisOphthalmol Clin North Am200316331132514564755
  • RenDHPetrollWMJesterJVHo-FanJCavanaghHDShort-term hypoxia downregulates epithelial cell desquamation in vivo, but does not increase Pseudomonas aeruginosa adherence to exfoliated human corneal epithelial cellsCLAO J1999252737910344293
  • CavanaghHDLadagePMLiSLEffects of daily and overnight wear of a novel hyper oxygen-transmissible soft contact lens on bacterial binding and corneal epithelium: a 13-month clinical trialOphthalmology2002109111957196912414399
  • ImayasuMPetrollWMJesterJVPatelSKOhashiJCavanaghHDThe relation between contact lens oxygen transmissibility and binding of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to the cornea after overnight wearOphthalmology199410123713888115159
  • FleiszigSMEvansDJContact lens infections: can they ever be eradicated?Eye Contact Lens2003291 SupplS67S71 discussion S83–S84, S192–S19412772735
  • StapletonFCarntNContact lens-related microbial keratitis: how have epidemiology and genetics helped us with pathogenesis and prophylaxisEye201226218519322134592
  • RobertsonDMPetrollWMJesterJVCavanaghHDThe role of contact lens type, oxygen transmission, and care-related solutions in mediating epithelial homeostasis and pseudomonas binding to corneal cells: an overviewEye Contact Lens2007336 Pt 2394398 discussion 399–40017975430
  • FletcherELFleiszigSMBrennanNALipopolysaccharide in adherence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to the cornea and contact lensesInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci1993346193019368491546
  • SatoHFrankDWExoU is a potent intracellular phospholipaseMol Microbiol20045351279129015387809
  • ChoyMHStapletonFWillcoxMDZhuHComparison of virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from contact lens-and non-contact lens-related keratitisJ Med Microbiol200857Pt 121539154619018027
  • BorkarDSFleiszigSMLeongCAssociation between cytotoxic and invasive Pseudomonas aeruginosa and clinical outcomes in bacterial keratitisJAMA Ophthalmol2013131214715323411878
  • TangHKaysMPrinceARole of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pili in acute pulmonary infectionInfect Immun1995634127812857890385
  • FeldmanMBryanRRajanSRole of flagella in pathogenesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pulmonary infectionInfect Immun199866143519423837
  • KungVLOzerEAHauserARThe accessory genome of Pseudomonas aeruginosaMicrobiol Mol Biol Rev201074462164121119020
  • DantasGSommerMOOluwasegunRDChurchGMBacteria subsisting on antibioticsScience2008320587210010318388292
  • GowerEWKeayLJOechslerRATrends in fungal keratitis in the United States, 2001 to 2007Ophthalmology2010117122263226720591493
  • ZhangSAhearnDGStultingRDDifferences among strains of the Fusarium oxysporum–F solani complexes in their penetration of hydrogel contact lenses and subsequent susceptibility to multipurpose contact lens disinfection solutionsCornea200726101249125418043184
  • SunYChandraJMukherjeePSzczotka-FlynnLGhannoumMAPearlmanEA murine model of contact lens-associated fusarium keratitisInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci20105131511151619875664
  • ThomasPAFungal infections of the corneaEye200317885286214631389
  • LealSMJrPearlmanEThe role of cytokines and pathogen recognition molecules in fungal keratitis – insights from human disease and animal modelsCytokine201258110711122280957
  • HuJWangYXieLPotential role of macrophages in experimental keratomycosisInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci20095052087209419074808
  • Acanthamoeba Keratitis FAQs http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/acanthamoeba/gen_info/acanthamoeba_keratitis.htmlAccessed November 18, 2015
  • WalochnikJScheiklUHaller-SchoberEMTwenty years of acanthamoeba diagnostics in AustriaJ Eukaryot Microbiol201562131125047131
  • KhanNAAcanthamoeba: biology and increasing importance in human healthFEMS Microbiol Rev200630456459516774587
  • Omana-MolinaMAGonzalez-RoblesASalazar-VillatoroLSilicone hydrogel contact lenses surface promote Acanthamoeba castel-lanii trophozoites adherence: qualitative and quantitative analysisEye Contact Lens201440313213924699779
  • Lorenzo-MoralesJKhanNAWalochnikJAn update on Acanthamoeba keratitis: diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatmentParasite2015221025687209
  • GarateMCaoZBatemanEPanjwaniNCloning and characterization of a novel mannose-binding protein of AcanthamoebaJ Biol Chem200427928298492295615117936
  • KlotzSAMisraRPButrusSIContact lens wear enhances adherence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and binding of lectins to the corneaCornea1990932662702115422
  • AlizadehHNeelamSHurtMNiederkornJYRole of contact lens wear, bacterial flora, and mannose-induced pathogenic protease in the pathogenesis of amoebic keratitisInfect Immun20057321061106815664950
  • PanjwaniNPathogenesis of acanthamoeba keratitisOcul Surf201082707920427010
  • ClarkeDWNiederkornJYThe pathophysiology of Acanthamoeba keratitisTrends Parasitol200622417518016500148
  • ClarkeDWAlizadehHNiederkornJYFailure of Acanthamoeba castellanii to produce intraocular infectionsInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci20054672472247815980238
  • LloydDEncystment in Acanthamoeba castellanii: a reviewExp Parastiol2014145SupplS20S27
  • YangYFMathesonMDartJKCreeIAPersistence of acanthamoeba antigen following acanthamoeba keratitisBr J Ophthalmol200185327728011222330
  • RobboyMWComstockTLKalsowCMContact lens-associated corneal infiltratesEye Contact Lens200329314615412861108
  • SteinRMClinchTECohenEJGenvertGIArentsenJJLaibsonPRInfected vs sterile corneal infiltrates in contact lens wearersAm J Ophthalmol198810566326363377041
  • KlotzSAPennCCNegveskyGJButrusSIFungal and parasitic infections of the eyeClin Microbiol Rev200013466268511023963
  • ThomasPALeckAKMyattMCharacteristic clinical features as an aid to the diagnosis of suppurative keratitis caused by filamentous fungiBr J Ophthalmol200589121554155816299128
  • HuFRHuangWJHuangSFClinicopathologic study of satellite lesions in nontuberculous mycobacterial keratitisJpn J Ophthalmol19984221151189587843
  • WilhelmusKRJonesDBCurvularia keratitisTrans Am Ophthalmol Soc200199111130 discussion 130–13211797300
  • DartJKSawVPKilvingtonSAcanthamoeba keratitis: diagnosis and treatment update 2009Am J Ophthalmol20091484487499.e48219660733
  • QianYMeislerDMLangstonRHJengBHClinical experience with Acanthamoeba keratitis at the Cole eye institute, 1999–2008Cornea20102991016102120539213
  • RossJRoySLMathersWDClinical characteristics of Acanthamoeba keratitis infections in 28 states, 2008 to 2011Cornea201433216116824322804
  • HauSCDartJKVesaluomaMDiagnostic accuracy of microbial keratitis with in vivo scanning laser confocal microscopyBr J Ophthalmol201094898298720538659
  • TuEYJoslinCESugarJBootonGCShoffMEFuerstPAThe relative value of confocal microscopy and superficial corneal scrapings in the diagnosis of Acanthamoeba keratitisCornea200827776477218650660
  • ConstantinouMDaniellMSnibsonGRVuHTTaylorHRClinical efficacy of moxifloxacin in the treatment of bacterial keratitis: a randomized clinical trialOphthalmology200711491622162917822972
  • GangopadhyayNDaniellMWeihLTaylorHRFluoroquinolone and fortified antibiotics for treating bacterial corneal ulcersBr J Ophthalmol200084437838410729294
  • KhokharSSindhuNMirdhaBRComparison of topical 0.3% ofloxacin to fortified tobramycin-cefazolin in the therapy of bacterial keratitisInfection200028314915210879638
  • American Academy of Ophthalmology Cornea/External Disease PanelPreferred Practice Pattern Guidelines. Bacterial KeratitisSan Francisco, CAAmerican Academy of Ophthalmology2013 Available from: http://www.aao.org/pppAccessed November 18, 2015
  • NiNNamEMHammersmithKMSeasonal, geographic, and antimicrobial resistance patterns in microbial keratitis: 4-year experience in eastern PennsylvaniaCornea201534329630225603231
  • AsbellPASahmDFShawMDraghiDCBrownNPIncreasing prevalence of methicillin resistance in serious ocular infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus in the United States: 2000 to 2005J Cat Refract Surg2008345814818
  • SandersMEMooreQC3rdNorcrossEWComparison of besifloxacin, gatifloxacin, and moxifloxacin against strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with different quinolone susceptibility patterns in a rabbit model of keratitisCornea2011301839020847656
  • SanfilippoCMMorrisseyIJanesRMorrisTWSurveillance of the activity of aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones against ophthalmic pathogens from Europe in 2010–2011Curr Eye Res201519
  • ElsahnAFYildizEHJungkindDLIn vitro susceptibility patterns of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus corneal isolates to antibioticsCornea201029101131113520595899
  • RattanatamTHengWJRapuanoCJLaibsonPRCohenEJTrends in contact lens-related corneal ulcersCornea200120329029411322418
  • SrinivasanMMascarenhasJRajaramanRCorticosteroids for bacterial keratitis: the Steroids for Corneal Ulcers Trial (SCUT)Arch Ophthalmol2012130214315021987582
  • LohRSChanCMTiSELimLChanKSTanDTEmerging prevalence of microsporidial keratitis in Singapore: epidemiology, clinical features, and managementOphthalmology2009116122348235319815287
  • OuJIAcharyaNREpidemiology and treatment of fungal corneal ulcersInt Ophthalmol Clin200747371617667272
  • PrajnaNVKrishnanTMascarenhasJThe mycotic ulcer treatment trial: a randomized trial comparing natamycin vs voriconazoleJAMA Ophthalmol2013131442242923710492
  • ChinJYoungALHuiMJhanjiVAcanthamoeba keratitis: 10-year study at a tertiary eye care center in Hong KongCont Lens Anterior Eye20153829910325496910
  • OldenburgCEAcharyaNRTuEYPractice patterns and opinions in the treatment of acanthamoeba keratitisCornea201130121363136821993459
  • TuEYJoslinCEShoffMESuccessful treatment of chronic stromal acanthamoeba keratitis with oral voriconazole monotherapyCornea20102991066106820539217
  • KitzmannASGoinsKMSutphinJEWagonerMDKeratoplasty for treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitisOphthalmology2009116586486919410943
  • IseliHPThielMAHafeziFKampmeierJSeilerTUltraviolet A/riboflavin corneal cross-linking for infectious keratitis associated with corneal meltsCornea200827559059418520510
  • MartinsSACombsJCNogueraGAntimicrobial efficacy of riboflavin/UVA combination (365 nm) in vitro for bacterial and fungal isolates: a potential new treatment for infectious keratitisInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci20084983402340818408193
  • MorenHMalmsjoMMortensenJOhrstromARiboflavin and ultraviolet a collagen crosslinking of the cornea for the treatment of keratitisCornea201029110210419730094
  • BarequetISHabot-WilnerZKellerNEffect of amniotic membrane transplantation on the healing of bacterial keratitisInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci200849116316718172088
  • ParkJLeeKMZhouHCommunity practice patterns for bacterial corneal ulcer evaluation and treatmentEye Contact Lens2015411121825536529
  • YildizEHAirianiSHammersmithKMTrends in contact lens-related corneal ulcers at a tertiary referral centerCornea201231101097110222902490
  • GraffiSPeretzAJabalyHNaftaliMAcanthamoeba keratitisIsr Med Assoc J201315418218523781754
  • OsterbladMJarvinenHLonnqvistKEvaluation of a new cellulose sponge-tipped swab for microbiological sampling: a laboratory and clinical investigationJ Clin Microbiol20034151894190012734223
  • Pakzad-VaeziKLevasseurSDSchendelSThe corneal ulcer one-touch study: a simplified microbiological specimen collection methodAm J Ophthalmol201515913743.e3125244977
  • Van HornKGAudetteCDSebeckDTuckerKAComparison of the Copan ESwab system with two Amies agar swab transport systems for maintenance of microorganism viabilityJ Clin Microbiol20084651655165818353935
  • GoldschmidtPRostaneHSaint-JeanCEffects of topical anaesthetics and fluorescein on the real-time PCR used for the diagnosis of Herpes viruses and Acanthamoeba keratitisBr J Ophthalmol200690111354135616899529
  • DasSSheoreyHTaylorHRVajpayeeRBAssociation between cultures of contact lens and corneal scraping in contact lens related microbial keratitisArch Ophthalmol200712591182118517846356
  • KondaNMotukupallySRGargPSharmaSAliMHWillcoxMDMicrobial analyses of contact lens-associated microbial keratitisOptom Vis Sci2014911475324212183
  • McLaughlin-BorlaceLStapletonFMathesonMDartJKBacterial biofilm on contact lenses and lens storage cases in wearers with microbial keratitisJ Appl Microbiol19988458278389674137
  • MartinsENFarahMEAlvarengaLSYuMCHoflin-LimaALInfectious keratitis: correlation between corneal and contact lens culturesCLAO J200228314614812144234
  • Mah-SadorraJHYavuzSGNajjarDMLaibsonPRRapuanoCJCohenEJTrends in contact lens-related corneal ulcersCornea2005241515815604867
  • MusaFTailorRGaoAHutleyERauzSScottRAContact lens-related microbial keratitis in deployed British military personnelBr J Ophthalmol201094898899320576772
  • KeayLJGowerEWIovienoAClinical and microbiological characteristics of fungal keratitis in the United States, 2001–2007: a multicenter studyOphthalmology2011118592092621295857
  • MathersWDNelsonSELaneJLWilsonMEAllenRCFolbergRConfirmation of confocal microscopy diagnosis of Acanthamoeba keratitis using polymerase chain reaction analysisArch Ophthalmol2000118217818310676782
  • CDCAcanthamoeba keratitis associated with contact lenses – United StatesMMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep198635254054083088418
  • ButlerTKMalesJJRobinsonLPSix-year review of Acanthamoeba keratitis in New South Wales, Australia: 1997–2002Clin Exp Ophthalmol2005331414615670077
  • RadfordCFLehmannOJDartJKAcanthamoeba keratitis: multi-centre survey in England 1992–1996. National Acanthamoeba Keratitis Study GroupBr J Ophthalmol19988212138713929930269
  • IyerSATuliSSWagonerRCFungal keratitis: emerging trends and treatment outcomesEye Contact Lens200632626727117099386
  • PrajnaNVSrinivasanMLalithaPDifferences in clinical outcomes in keratitis due to fungus and bacteriaJAMA Ophthalmol201313181088108923929517
  • MiedziakAIMillerMRRapuanoCJLaibsonPRCohenEJRisk factors in microbial keratitis leading to penetrating keratoplastyOphthalmology1999106611661170 discussion 117110366087
  • TuEYAcanthamoeba keratitis: a new normalAm J Ophthalmol2014158341741925012982
  • YoderJSVeraniJHeidmanNAcanthamoeba keratitis: the persistence of cases following a multistate outbreakOphthalmic Epidemiol201219422122522775278