Proliferative index and expression of CD38, Zap-70, and CD25 in different lymphoid compartments of chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients

References

• Chiorazzi N, Rai KR, Ferrarini M. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2005;352(8):804–815.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morilla A, Gonzalez de Castro D, Del Giudice I, et al. Combinations of ZAP-70, CD38 and IGHV mutational status as predictors of time to first treatment in CLL. LeukLymphoma. 2008;49(11):2108–2115.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dohner H, Stilgenbauer S, Benner A, et al. Genomic aberrations and survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2000; 343(26):1910–1916.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pettitt AR, Sherrington PD, Stewart G, Cawley JC, Taylor AM, Stankovic T. p53 dysfunction in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: inactivation of ATM as an alternative to TP53 mutation. Blood. 2001; 98(3):814–822.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deaglio S, Vaisitti T, Aydin S, Ferrero E, Malavasi F. In-tandem insight from basic science combined with clinical research: CD38 as both marker and key component of the pathogenetic network underlying chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood. 2006;108(4):1135–1144.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bojarska-Junak A, Hus I, Szczepanek EW, Dmoszynska A, Rolinski J. Peripheral blood and bone marrow TNF and TNF receptors in early and advanced stages of B-CLL in correlation with ZAP-70 protein and CD38 antigen. Leuk Res. 2008;32(2):225–233.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patten PE, Buggins AG, Richards J, et al. CD38 expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia is regulated by the tumor microenvironment. Blood. 2008;111(10):5173–5181.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damle RN, Wasil T, Fais F, et al. Ig V gene mutation status and CD38 expression as novel prognostic indicators in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood. 1999;94(6):1840–1847.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ibrahim S, Keating M, Do KA, et al. CD38 expression as an important prognostic factor in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood. 2001;98(1):181–186.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eisele L, Haddad T, Sellmann L, Dührsen U, Dürig J. Expression levels of CD38 on leukemic B cells but not on non-leukemic T cells are comparably stable over time and predict the course of disease in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Res. 2009;33(6):775–778.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Musso T, Deaglio S, Franco L, et al. CD38 expression and functional activities are up-regulated by IFN-gamma on human monocytes and monocytic cell lines. J Leukoc Biol. 2001;69(4):605–612.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deaglio S, Vaisitti T, Aydin S, et al. CD38 and ZAP-70 are functionally linked and mark CLL cells with high migratory potential. Blood. 2007; 110(12):4012–4021.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deaglio S, Aydin S, Grand MM, et al. CD38/CD31 interactions activate genetic pathways leading to proliferation and migration in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Mol Med. 2010;16(3–4):87–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiestner A. Flow cytometry for ZAP-70: new colors for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cytometry B Clin Cytom. 2006;70(4):201–203.
   Google Scholar
• Gerdes J, Dallenbach F, Lennert K, Lemke H, Stein H. Growth fractions in malignant non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHL) as determined in situ with the monoclonal antibody Ki-67. Hematol Oncol. 1984;2(4):365–371.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Montebugnoli L, Badiali G, Marchetti C, Cervellati F, Farnedi A, Foschini MP. Prognostic value of Ki67 from clinically and histologically ‘normal’ distant mucosa in patients surgically treated for oral squamous cell carcinoma: a prospective study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009; 38(11):1165–1172.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacquemier J, Charafe-Jauffret E, Monville F, et al. Association of GATA3, P53, Ki67 status and vascular peritumoral invasion are strongly prognostic in luminal breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. 2009; 11(2):R23.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guarneri V Piacentini F, Ficarra G, et al. A prognostic model based on nodal status and Ki-67 predicts the risk of recurrence and death in breast cancer patients with residual disease after preoperative chemotherapy. Ann Oncol. 2009;20(7):1193–1198.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hasselblom S, Ridell B, Sigurdardottir M, Hansson U, Nilsson-Ehle H, Andersson PO. Low rather than high Ki-67 protein expression is an adverse prognostic factor in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma. 2008;49(8):1501–1509.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viale G, Regan MM, Mastropasqua MG, et al. Predictive value of tumor Ki-67 expression in two randomized trials of adjuvant chemoendocrine therapy for node-negative breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2008; 100(3):207–212.
   Google Scholar
• Neri A, Marrelli D, Pedrazzani C, et al. Prognostic relevance of proliferative activity evaluated by MIB-1 immunostaining in node negative breast cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2008;34(12):1299–1303.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leuenberger M, Frigerio S, Wild PJ, et al. AID protein expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma is associated with poor prognosis and complex genetic alterations. Mod Pathol. 2010;23(2):177–186.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hjalmar V, Hast R, Kimby E. Cell surface expression of CD25, CD54, and CD95 on B- and T-cells in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in relation to trisomy 12, atypical morphology and clinical course. Eur J Haematol. 2002;68(3):127–134.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sellitto A, de Fanis U, Romano C, et al. Direct or reverse correlations within the expression of activation, differentiation or T-B cooperation molecules on chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells. Minerva Med. 2003;94(5):331–339.
   Google Scholar
• Ding W, Nowakowski GS, Knox TR, et al. Bi-directional activation between mesenchymal stem cells and CLL B-cells: implication for CLL disease progression. Br J Haematol. 2009;147(4):471–483.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaroslav P, Martina H, Jiri S, et al. Expression of cyclins D1, D2, and D3 and Ki-67 in leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma. 2005;46(11):1605–1612.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bennett F, Rawstron A, Plummer M, et al. B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells show specific changes in membrane protein expression during different stages of cell cycle. Br J Haematol. 2007;139(4): 600–604.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damle RN, Temburni S, Calissano C, et al. CD38 expression labels an activated subset within chronic lymphocytic leukemia clones enriched in proliferating B cells. Blood. 2007;110(9):3352–3359.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin TT, Hewamana S, Ward R, et al. Highly purified CD38 sub-populations show no evidence of preferential clonal evolution despite having increased proliferative activity when compared with CD38 subpopulations derived from the same chronic lymphocytic leukaemia patient. Br J Haematol. 2008;142(4):595–605.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Messmer BT, Messmer D, Allen SL, et al. In vivo measurements document the dynamic cellular kinetics of chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells. J Clin Invest. 2005;115(3):755–764.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization Classification of Tumours. Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. Lyon (France): IARC Press; 2001.
   Google Scholar
• Cheson BD, Bennett JM, Grever M, et al. National Cancer Institute- sponsored Working Group guidelines for chronic lymphocytic leukemia: revised guidelines for diagnosis and treatment. Blood. 1996;87(12): 4990–4997.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crespo M, Bosch F, Villamor N, et al. ZAP-70 expression as a surrogate for immunoglobulin-variable-region mutations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(18):1764–1775.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamblin TJ, Orchard JA, Ibbotson RE, et al. CD38 expression and immunoglobulin variable region mutations are independent prognostic variables in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, but CD38 expression may vary during the course of the disease. Blood. 2002;99(3):1023–1029.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krober A, Seiler T, Benner A, et al. VH mutation status, CD38 expression level, genomic aberrations, and survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood. 2002;100(4):1410–1416.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Astsaturov IA, Samoilova RS, Iakhnina EI, Pivnik AV, Vorobiov AI. The relevance of cytological studies and Ki-67 reactivity to the clinical course of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma. 1997; 26(3^):337–342.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dürig J, Naschar M, Schmücker U, et al. CD38 expression is an important prognostic marker in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Leukemia. 2002;16(1):30–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dürig J, Nückel H, Cremer M, et al. ZAP-70 expression is a prognostic factor in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leukemia. 2003; 17(12): 2426–2434.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Del Giudice I, Morilla A, Osuji N, et al. Zeta-chain associated protein 70 and CD38 combined predict the time to first treatment in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cancer. 2005;104(10):2124–2132.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chevallier P, Penther D, Avet-Loiseau H, et al. CD38 expression and secondary 17p deletion are important prognostic factors in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Br J Haematol. 2002;116(1):142–150.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ottaggio L, Viaggi S, Zunino A, et al. Chromosome aberrations evaluated by comparative genomic hybridization in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: correlation with CD38 expression. Haematologica. 2003; 88(7):769–777.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghia P Guida G, Stella S, et al. The pattern of CD38 expression defines a distinct subset of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients at risk of disease progression. Blood. 2003;101(4):1262–1269.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaksic O, Paro MMK, Skelin IK, Kusec R, Pejsa V Jaksic B. CD38 on B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells has higher expression in lymph nodes than in peripheral blood or bone marrow. Blood. 2004; 103(5):1968–1969.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vivier E, da Silva AJ, Ackerly M, Levine H, Rudd CE, Anderson P Association of a 70-kDa tyrosine phosphoprotein with the CD16: zeta: gamma complex expressed in human natural killer cells. Eur J Immunol. 1993;23(8):1872–1876.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zubiaur M, Izquierdo M, Terhorst C, Malavasi F, Sancho J. CD38 ligation results in activation of the Raf-1/mitogen-activated protein kinase and the CD3-zeta/zeta-associated protein-70 signaling pathways in Jurkat T lymphocytes. J Immunol. 1997;159(1):193–205.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trentin L, Zambello R, Sancetta R, et al. B lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphoproliferative disorders are equipped with different costimulatory molecules. Cancer Res. 1997;57(21): 4940–4947.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delmer A, Ajchenbaum-Cymbalista F, Tang R, et al. Overexpression of cyclin D2 in chronic B-cell malignancies. Blood. 1995;85(10): 2870–2876.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolowiec D, Ciszak L, Kosmaczewska A, et al. Cell cycle regulatory proteins and apoptosis in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Haematologica. 2001;86(12):1296–1304.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolowiec D, Wojtowicz M, Ciszak L, et al. High intracellular content of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27(Kip1) in early- and intermediate stage B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia lymphocytes predicts rapid progression of the disease. Eur J Haematol. 2009;82(4): 260–266.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schiffer LM. Kinetics of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Ser Haematol. 1968;1:3–23.
   Google Scholar
• Bazerbashi MB, Reeve J, Chanarin I. Studies in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. The kinetics of 51Cr-labelled lymphocytes. Scand J Haematol. 1978;20(1):37–51.
   Google Scholar
• Caligaris-Cappio F. Role of the microenvironment in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Br J Haematol. 2003;123(3):380–388.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar