Impact of Performance Lower Than Expectations on Work Behaviors: The Moderating Effect of Status Mutability and Mediating Role of Regulatory Focus

References

• Shafi M, Zoya LZ, Song X, Sarker MNI. The effects of transformational leadership on employee creativity: moderating role of intrinsic motivation. Asia Pacific Manag Rev. 2020;25(3):166–176. doi:10.1016/j.apmrv.2019.12.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu D, Liao H, Loi R. The dark side of leadership: a three-level investigation of the cascading effect of abusive supervision on employee creativity. Acad Manag. 2012;55(5):1187–1212. doi:10.5465/amj.2010.0400
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson N, Potočnik K, Zhou J. Innovation and creativity in organizations: a state-of-the-science review, prospective commentary, and guiding framework. J Manage. 2014;40(5):1297–1333. doi:10.1177/0149206314527128
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gu Q, Tang TL-P, Jiang W. Does moral leadership enhance employee creativity? Employee identification with leader and leader–member exchange (lmx) in the Chinese context. J Business Ethics. 2015;126(3):513–529. doi:10.1007/s10551-013-1967-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen AS-Y, Hou Y-H. The effects of ethical leadership, voice behavior and climates for innovation on creativity: a moderated mediation examination. Leadersh Q. 2016;27(1):1–13. doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2015.10.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes DJ, Lee A, Tian AW, Newman A, Legood A. Leadership, creativity, and innovation: a critical review and practical recommendations. Leadersh Q. 2018;29(5):549–569. doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2018.03.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hossain MDY, Liu Z, Kumar N. How does self-performance expectation foster breakthrough creativity in the employee’s cognitive level? An application of self-fulfilling prophecy. Int J Res Business. 2020;9(5):116–128. doi:10.20525/ijrbs.v9i5.818
   Google Scholar
• Kim T-Y, David EM, Liu Z. Perceived cognitive diversity and creativity: a multilevel study of motivational mechanisms and boundary conditions. J Creative Behavior. 2021;55(1):168–182. doi:10.1002/jocb.443
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruno C. Digital creativity dimension: a new domain for creativity. In: Creativity in the Design Process: Exploring the Influences of the Digital Evolution. Springer International Publishing; 2022:29–42.
   Google Scholar
• Damanpour F, Sanchez-Henriquez F, Chiu HH. Internal and External Sources and the Adoption of Innovations in Organizations. Br J Manag. 2018;29(4):712–730. doi:10.1111/1467-8551.12296
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Decramer A, Smolders C, Vanderstraeten A, Christiaens J. The impact of institutional pressures on employee performance management systems in higher education in the low countries. Br J Manag. 2012;23(S1):S88–S103. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8551.2012.00820.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ridgeway CL. Status in Groups: the Importance of Motivation. Am Sociol Rev. 1982;47(1):76–88. doi:10.2307/2095043
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eden D. Pygmalion, goal setting, and expectancy: compatible ways to boost productivity. Acad Manag Rev. 1988;13(4):639–652. doi:10.2307/258381
   Google Scholar
• Maynard-Patrick S, Baugh SG. The role of felt obligation to mentor in mentor performance: an exploration of generalized reciprocity in mentoring. Career Dev Int. 2019;24(7):619–635. doi:10.1108/CDI-11-2018-0286
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deci EL, Ryan RM. Self-determination theory. In: Handbook of Theories of Social Psychology. Vol. 1. Sage Publications Ltd; 2012:416–436.
   Google Scholar
• Shah J, Higgins T, Friedman RS. Performance incentives and means: how regulatory focus influences goal attainment. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1998;74(2):285–293. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.74.2.285
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higgins ET, Spiegel S. Promotion and prevention strategies for self-regulation: a motivated cognition perspective. In: Handbook of Self-Regulation: Research, Theory, and Applications. The Guilford Press; 2004:171–187.
   Google Scholar
• Tudoran AA, Scholderer J, Brunsø K. Regulatory focus, self-efficacy and outcome expectations as drivers of motivation to consume healthy food products. Appetite. 2012;59(2):243–251. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2012.05.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan X, Yu H. Different effects of cognitive shifting and intelligence on creativity. J Creative Behavior. 2018;52(3):212–225. doi:10.1002/jocb.144
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuan F, Woodman RW. Innovative behavior in the workplace: the role of performance and image outcome expectations. Acad Manag J. 2010;53(2):323–342. doi:10.5465/amj.2010.49388995
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haggard DL, Park HM. Perceived supervisor remorse, abusive supervision, and LMX. J Organ Behav. 2018;39(10):1252–1267. doi:10.1002/job.2285
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chamberlin M, Newton DW, LePine JA. A meta-analysis of empowerment and voice as transmitters of high-performance managerial practices to job performance. J Organ Behav. 2018;39(10):1296–1313. doi:10.1002/job.2295
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harvey J-F, Johnson KJ, Roloff KS, Edmondson AC. From orientation to behavior: the interplay between learning orientation, open-mindedness, and psychological safety in team learning. Human Relations. 2019;72(11):1726–1751. doi:10.1177/0018726718817812
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim SS, Shin D, Vough HC, Hewlin PF, Vandenberghe C. How do callings relate to job performance? The role of organizational commitment and ideological contract fulfillment. Human Relations. 2018;71(10):1319–1347. doi:10.1177/0018726717743310
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chun JU, Lee D, Sosik JJ. Leader negative feedback-seeking and leader effectiveness in leader-subordinate relationships: the paradoxical role of subordinate expertise. Leadersh Q. 2018;29(4):501–512. doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2017.11.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Eerde W, Thierry H. Vroom’s expectancy models and work-related criteria: a meta-analysis. J Appl Psychol. 1996;81(5):575–586. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.81.5.575
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ilgen DR, Nebeker DM, Pritchard RD. Expectancy theory measures: an empirical comparison in an experimental simulation. Organ Behav Hum Perform. 1981;28(2):189–223. doi:10.1016/0030-5073(81)90022-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanton P, Young S, Bartram T, Leggat SG. Singing the same song: translating HRM messages across management hierarchies in Australian hospitals. Int J Human Resource Manag. 2010;21(4):567–581. doi:10.1080/09585191003612075
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podsakoff PM, Podsakoff NP. Experimental designs in management and leadership research: strengths, limitations, and recommendations for improving publishability. Leadersh Q. 2019;30(1):11–33. doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2018.11.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown JD, Marshall MA. Great expectations: optimism and pessimism in achievement settings. Optimism & pessimism: implications for theory, research, and practice. Am Psychol Assoc. 2001;1:239–255.
   Google Scholar
• Tierney P, Farmer SM. The Pygmalion process and employee creativity. J Manage. 2004;30(3):413–432. doi:10.1016/j.jm.2002.12.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crowe E, Higgins ET. Regulatory focus and strategic inclinations: promotion and prevention in decision-making. Organ Behav Hum Decis Process. 1997;69(2):117–132. doi:10.1006/obhd.1996.2675
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higgins ET, Spiegel S. Promotion and prevention strategies for self-regulation: a motivated cognition perspective. Handbook Self Regulation. 2004;1:54.
   Google Scholar
• Higgins ET, Roney CJR, Crowe E, Hymes C. Ideal versus ought predilections for approach and avoidance distinct self-regulatory systems. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1994;66(2):276–286. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.66.2.276
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higgins ET. Promotion and prevention: regulatory focus as a motivational principle. In: Zanna MP, editor. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology. Academic Press; 1998:1–46.
   Google Scholar
• Kumar R, van Kleef GA, Higgins ET. How emotions influence alliance relationships: the potential functionality of negative emotions. Org Psychol Rev. 2019;9(2–3):157–183. doi:10.1177/2041386619878837
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozturk A, Karatepe OM. Frontline hotel employees’ psychological capital, trust in organization, and their effects on nonattendance intentions, absenteeism, and creative performance. J Hospitality Marketing Manag. 2019;28(2):217–239. doi:10.1080/19368623.2018.1509250
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yanadori Y, Cui V. Creating incentives for innovation? The relationship between pay dispersion in R&D groups and firm innovation performance. Strategic Manag J. 2013;34(12):1502–1511. doi:10.1002/smj.2071
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim J, Chen K, Davis WE, Hicks JA, Schlegel RJ. Approaching the true self: promotion focus predicts the experience of authenticity. J Res Pers. 2019;78:165–176. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2018.12.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hüttermann S, Nerb J, Memmert D. The role of regulatory focus and expectation on creative decision making. Hum Mov Sci. 2018;62:169–175. doi:10.1016/j.humov.2018.10.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu J, Harrigan KR, Ang SH, Wu Z. The impact of imitation strategy and R&D resources on incremental and radical innovation: evidence from Chinese manufacturing firms. J Technol Transf. 2019;44(1):210–230. doi:10.1007/s10961-017-9621-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Audenaert M, Decramer A, George B, Verschuere B, Van Waeyenberg T. When employee performance management affects individual innovation in public organizations: the role of consistency and LMX. Int J Human Resource Manag. 2019;30(5):815–834. doi:10.1080/09585192.2016.1239220
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neubert MJ, Kacmar KM, Carlson DS, Chonko LB, Roberts JA. Regulatory focus as a mediator of the influence of initiating structure and servant leadership on employee behavior. J Appl Psychol. 2008;93(6):1220–1233. doi:10.1037/a0012695
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higgins ET, Vookles J, Tykocinski O. Self and Health: how “Patterns” of Self-Beliefs Predict Types of Emotional and Physical Problems. Soc Cogn. 1992;10(1):125–150. doi:10.1521/soco.1992.10.1.125
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kark R, Dijk DV. Motivation to Lead, Motivation to Follow: the Role of the Self-Regulatory Focus in Leadership Processes. Acad Manag Rev. 2007;32(2):500–528. doi:10.5465/amr.2007.24351846
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson C, John OP, Keltner D, Kring AM. Who attains social status? Effects of personality and physical attractiveness in social groups. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2001;81(1):116–132. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.81.1.116
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nembhard IM, Edmondson AC. Making it safe: the effects of leader inclusiveness and professional status on psychological safety and improvement efforts in health care teams. J Organ Behav. 2006;27(7):941–966. doi:10.1002/job.413
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kilduff GJ, Willer R, Anderson C. Hierarchy and its discontents: status disagreement leads to withdrawal of contribution and lower group performance. Org Sci. 2016;27(2):373–390. doi:10.1287/orsc.2016.1058
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bendersky C, Hays NA. The positive effects of status conflicts in teams where members perceive status hierarchies differently. Soc Psychol Personal Sci. 2017;8(2):124–132. doi:10.1177/1948550616667614
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hays NA, Bendersky C. Not all inequality is created equal: effects of status versus power hierarchies on competition for upward mobility. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2015;108(6):867–882. doi:10.1037/pspi0000017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bendersky C, Shah NP. The downfall of extraverts and rise of neurotics: the dynamic process of status allocation in task groups. Acad Manag J. 2013;56(2):387–406.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pettit NC, Sivanathan N, Gladstone E, Marr JC. Rising stars and sinking ships: consequences of status momentum. Psychol Sci. 2013;24(8):1579–1584. doi:10.1177/0956797612473120
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bendersky C, Shah NP. The cost of status enhancement: performance effects of individuals’ status mobility in task groups. Org Sci. 2012;23(2):308–322. doi:10.1287/orsc.1100.0543
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Locke EA, Latham GP. A theory of goal setting & task performance. In: A Theory of Goal Setting & Task Performance. Prentice-Hall, Inc; 1990:xviii, 413–xviii, 413.
   Google Scholar
• Brown SP, Leigh TW. A new look at psychological climate and its relationship to job involvement, effort, and performance. J Appl Psychol. 1996;81(4):358–368. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.81.4.358
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang X, Bartol KM. Linking Empowering Leadership and Employee Creativity: the Influence of Psychological Empowerment, Intrinsic Motivation, and Creative Process Engagement. Acad Manag J. 2010;53(1):107–128. doi:10.5465/amj.2010.48037118
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singer JD. Using SAS PROC MIXED to Fit Multilevel Models, Hierarchical Models, and Individual Growth Models. J Edu Behav Statistics. 1998;23(4):323–355. doi:10.3102/10769986023004323
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baayen RH, Davidson DJ, Bates DM. Mixed-effects modeling with crossed random effects for subjects and items. J Mem Lang. 2008;59(4):390–412. doi:10.1016/j.jml.2007.12.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barsade SG. The Ripple Effect: emotional Contagion and its Influence on Group Behavior. Adm Sci Q. 2002;47(4):644–675. doi:10.2307/3094912
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hofmann DA, Morgeson FP, Gerras SJ. Climate as a moderator of the relationship between leader-member exchange and content specific citizenship: safety climate as an exemplar. J Appl Psychol. 2003;88(1):170–178. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.88.1.170
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klein KJ, Tosi H, Albert A, Cannella J. Multilevel theory building: benefits, barriers, and new developments. J Manag Rev. 1999;24(2):248–253. doi:10.5465/amr.1999.1893934
   Google Scholar
• Griffin MA. Editorial: specifying Organizational Contexts: systematic Links between Contexts and Processes in Organizational Behavior. J Organ Behav. 2007;28(7):859–863. doi:10.1002/job.489
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gong Y, Huang J-C, Farh J-L. Employee Learning Orientation, Transformational Leadership, and Employee Creativity: the Mediating Role of Employee Creative Self-Efficacy. Acad Manag J. 2009;52(4):765–778. doi:10.5465/amj.2009.43670890
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naranjo-Valencia JC, Jimenez-Jimenez D, Sanz-Valle R. Organizational culture and radical innovation: does innovative behavior mediate this relationship? Creativity Innovation Manag. 2017;26(4):407–417. doi:10.1111/caim.12236
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xue J. An investigation into the effects of product design on incremental and radical innovations from the perspective of consumer perceptions: evidence from China. Creativity Innovation Manag. 2019;28(4):501–518. doi:10.1111/caim.12329
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar