The Relationship Between Corruption Perception and Depression: A Multiple Mediation Model

References

• Sharma S, Singhal S, Tarp F. Corruption and mental health: evidence from Vietnam. J Econ Behav Organ. 2021;185:125–137. doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2021.02.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melgar N, Rossi M, Smith TW. The perception of corruption. Int J Public Opin Res. 2010;22(1):120–131. doi:10.1093/ijpor/edp058
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Deurzen I. And justice for all: examining corruption as a contextual source of mental illness. Soc Sci Med. 2017;173:26–34. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.11.033
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gillanders R. Corruption and anxiety in sub-saharan Africa. Econ Gov. 2016;17(1):47–69. doi:10.1007/s10101-015-0177-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Birch S, Allen NJ, Sarmiento-Mirwaldt K. Anger, anxiety and corruption perceptions: evidence from France. Polit Stud. 2017;65(4):893–911. doi:10.1177/0032321717691294
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smilov D, Dorosiev R. Corruption in Bulgaria: contested perceptions, shared disappointment. In: The Social Construction of Corruption in Europe. Routledge; 2016:237–260.
   Google Scholar
• Smith RH, Parrott WG, Ozer D, et al. Subjective injustice and inferiority as predictors of hostile and depressive feelings in envy. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 1994;20(6):705–711. doi:10.1177/0146167294206008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olken BA. Corruption perceptions vs. corruption reality. J Public Econ. 2009;93(7–8):950–964. doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2009.03.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Witvliet MI, Kunst AE, Arah OA, et al. Sick regimes and sick people: a multilevel investigation of the population health consequences of perceived national corruption. Trop Med Int Health. 2013;18(10):1240–1247. doi:10.1111/tmi.12177
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Factor R, Kang M. Corruption and population health outcomes: an analysis of data from 133 countries using structural equation modeling. Int J Public Health. 2015;60(6):633–641. doi:10.1007/s00038-015-0687-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richey S. The impact of corruption on social trust. Am Polit Res. 2010;38(4):676–690. doi:10.1177/1532673X09341531
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fujiwara T, Kawachi I. A prospective study of individual-level social capital and major depression in the United States. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2008;62(7):627–633. doi:10.1136/jech.2007.064261
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waismel-Manor I, Moy P, Neumann R, et al. Does corruption corrupt? The behavioral effects of mediated exposure to corruption. Int J Public Opin Res. 2022;34(1):edab031. doi:10.1093/ijpor/edab031
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris SD, Klesner JL. Corruption and trust: theoretical considerations and evidence from Mexico. Comp Polit Stud. 2010;43(10):1258–1285. doi:10.1177/0010414010369072
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsushima M, Tsuno K, Okawa S, et al. Trust and well-being of postpartum women during the COVID-19 crisis: depression and fear of COVID-19. SSM Popul Health. 2021;15:100903. doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100903
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newton K. Trust, social capital, civil society, and democracy. Int Polit Sci Rev. 2001;22(2):201–214. doi:10.1177/0192512101222004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Y, Pickles A, Savage M. Social capital and social trust in Britain. Eur Sociol Rev. 2005;21(2):109–123. doi:10.1093/esr/jci007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kouvonen A, Oksanen T, Vahtera J, et al. Low workplace social capital as a predictor of depression: the Finnish Public Sector Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2008;167(10):1143–1151. doi:10.1093/aje/kwn067
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weng WW, Woo CK, Cheng YS, et al. Public trust and corruption perception: disaster relief. Appl Econ. 2015;47(46):4967–4981.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sapsford R, Tsourapas G, Abbott P, et al. Corruption, trust, inclusion and cohesion in North Africa and the Middle East. Appl Res Qual Life. 2019;14(1):1–21. doi:10.1007/s11482-017-9578-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fu X. The contextual effects of political trust on happiness: evidence from China. Soc Indic Res. 2018;139(2):491–516. doi:10.1007/s11205-017-1721-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hudson J. Institutional trust and subjective well‐being across the EU. Kyklos. 2006;59(1):43–62. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6435.2006.00319.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clench-Aas J, Holte A. Political trust influences the relationship between income and life satisfaction in Europe: differential associations with trust at national, community, and individual level. Front Public Health. 2021;9:629118. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.629118
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engström K, Mattsson F, Järleborg A, et al. Contextual social capital as a risk factor for poor self-rated health: a multilevel analysis. Soc Sci Med. 2008;66(11):2268–2280. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.01.019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bode L. Political news in the news feed: learning politics from social media. Mass Commun Soc. 2016;19(1):24–48. doi:10.1080/15205436.2015.1045149
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blumler JG. Core theories of political communication: foundational and freshly minted. Commun Theory. 2015;25(4):426–438. doi:10.1111/comt.12077
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong B, Torgler B. Causes of corruption: evidence from China. China Econ Rev. 2013;26:152–169. doi:10.1016/j.chieco.2012.09.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hassid J, Brass JN. Scandals, media and good governance in China and Kenya. J Asian Afr Stud. 2015;50(3):325–342. doi:10.1177/0021909614528865
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang K, Park J. A heterogeneous rally effect for a corrupt president: partisanship, regional sentiment, and anxiety against a corruption scandal. Democratization. 2020;27(8):1354–1375. doi:10.1080/13510347.2020.1791825
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fava M, Rankin MA, Wright EC, et al. Anxiety disorders in major depression. Compr Psychiat. 2000;41(2):97–102. doi:10.1016/S0010-440X(00)90140-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prabowo HY, Hamdani R, Mohd Sanusi Z. The new face of people power: an exploratory study on the potential of social media for combating corruption in Indonesia. Australas Account Bus Financ J. 2018;12(3):20–40.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu J, Lu J, Shi T. When grapevine news meets mass media: different information sources and popular perceptions of government corruption in mainland China. Comp Polit Stud. 2013;46(8):920–946. doi:10.1177/0010414012463886
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wederman A. The intensification of corruption in China. China Q. 2004;180:895–921. doi:10.1017/S0305741004000670
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang H, Song Y, Tan S, et al. Anti-corruption efforts, public perception of corruption, and government credibility in the field of real estate: an empirical analysis based on twelve provinces in China. Cities. 2019;90:64–73. doi:10.1016/j.cities.2019.01.042
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng H, Furnham A. Personality, self-esteem, and demographic predictions of happiness and depression. Pers Individ Differ. 2003;34(6):921–942. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00078-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zimmerman FJ, Katon W. Socioeconomic status, depression disparities, and financial strain: what lies behind the income‐depression relationship? Health Econ. 2005;14(12):1197–1215. doi:10.1002/hec.1011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tan X, Liu L, Huang Z, et al. Working for the hierarchical system: the role of meritocratic ideology in the endorsement of corruption. Polit Psychol. 2017;38(3):469–479. doi:10.1111/pops.12341
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tan X, Liu L, Huang Z, et al. The effects of general system justification on corruption perception and intent. Front Psychol. 2016;7:1107. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01107
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng W, Liu L, Huang Z, et al. Life satisfaction as a buffer of the relationship between corruption perception and political participation. Soc Indic Res. 2017;132(2):907–923. doi:10.1007/s11205-016-1318-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang L, Gordon P. Trust and institutions: a multilevel analysis. J Socio Econ. 2011;40(5):583–593. doi:10.1016/j.socec.2011.04.015
   Google Scholar
• Misztal BA. Trust and cooperation: the democratic public sphere. J Sociol. 2001;37(4):371–386. doi:10.1177/144078301128756409
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu Y, Lee JK. Determinants of cross-cutting discussion on Facebook: political interest, news consumption, and strong-tie heterogeneity. New Media Soc. 2021;23(1):175–192. doi:10.1177/1461444819899879
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grimmelikhuijsen S, Knies E. Validating a scale for citizen trust in government organizations. Int Rev Adm Sci. 2017;83(3):583–601. doi:10.1177/0020852315585950
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Intawan C, Nicholson SP. My trust in government is implicit: automatic trust in government and system support. J Polit. 2018;80(2):601–614. doi:10.1086/694785
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eveland WP, Hively MH. Political discussion frequency, network size, and “heterogeneity” of discussion as predictors of political knowledge and participation. J Commun. 2009;59(2):205–224. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2009.01412.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knobloch-Westerwick S, Johnson BK. Selective exposure for better or worse: its mediating role for online news’ impact on political participation. J Comput Mediat Commun. 2014;19(2):184–196. doi:10.1111/jcc4.12036
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boulianne S, Shehata A. Age differences in online news consumption and online political expression in the United States, United Kingdom, and France. Int J Press Polit. 2022;27(3):763–783. doi:10.1177/19401612211060271
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Radloff LS. The CES-D scale: a self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Appl Psychol Meas. 1977;1(3):385–401. doi:10.1177/014662167700100306
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Zhang H, Feng T, et al. Does internet use affect levels of depression among older adults in China? A propensity score matching approach. BMC Public Health. 2019;19(1):1–10. doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7832-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buckman JEJ, Saunders R, Stott J, et al. Role of age, gender and marital status in prognosis for adults with depression: an individual patient data meta-analysis. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2021;30:42. doi:10.1017/S2045796021000342
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sampson L, Ettman CK, Galea S. Urbanization, urbanicity, and depression: a review of the recent global literature. Curr Opin Psychiatr. 2020;33(3):233–244. doi:10.1097/YCO.0000000000000588
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Igartua JJ, Hayes AF. Mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: concepts, computations, and some common confusions. Span J Psychol. 2021;24:49. doi:10.1017/SJP.2021.46
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winship C, Mare RD. Regression models with ordinal variables. Am Sociol Rev. 1984;49(4):512–525. doi:10.2307/2095465
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zellner A. An efficient method of estimating seemingly unrelated regressions and tests for aggregation bias. J Am Stat Assoc. 1962;57(298):348–368.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Preacher KJ, Hayes AF. SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models. Behav Res Methods Instr Comput. 2004;36(4):717–731. doi:10.3758/BF03206553
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bernardi L, Gotlib IH. COVID-19 stressors, mental/emotional distress and political support. West Eur Polit. 2022;1–12. doi:10.1080/01402382.2022.2055372
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powdthavee N, Plagnol AC, Frijters P, et al. Who got the brexit blues? The effect of Brexit on subjective wellbeing in the UK. Economica. 2019;86(343):471–494. doi:10.1111/ecca.12304
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roche MJ, Jacobson NC. Elections have consequences for student mental health: an accidental daily diary study. Psychol Rep. 2019;122(2):451–464. doi:10.1177/0033294118767365
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan BW, Hsia RY, Yeung V, et al. Changes in mental health following the 2016 presidential election. J Gen Intern Med. 2021;36(1):170–177. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06328-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith KB, Porter D. Politics is making us sick: the negative impact of political engagement on public health during the Trump administration. PLoS One. 2022;17(1):e0262022. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0262022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shortt SED. Making sense of social capital, health and policy. Health Policy (New York). 2004;70(1):11–22. doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2004.01.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dutta-Bergman M. Depression and news gathering after September 11: the interplay of affect and cognition. Commun Res Rep. 2005;22(1):7–14. doi:10.1080/0882409052000343471
   Google Scholar
• Boukes M, Vliegenthart R. News consumption and its unpleasant side effect: studying the effect of hard and soft news exposure on mental well-being over time. J Media Psychol. 2017;29(3):137–147. doi:10.1027/1864-1105/a000224
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gero K, Kim D. Prospective associations between US state-level corruption and individual-level cardiovascular risk factors among middle-aged Americans: the National Longitudinal Survey of Youths 1979. Int J Public Health. 2020;65(9):1737–1748. doi:10.1007/s00038-020-01497-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar