Effect of Early versus Delayed Use of Norepinephrine on Short-Term Outcomes in Patients with Traumatic Hemorrhagic Shock: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis

References

• GBD 2016 Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific mortality for 264 causes of death, 1980–2016: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2016. Lancet. 2017;390(10100):1151–1210. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32152-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cothren CC, Moore EE, Hedegaard HB, Meng K. Epidemiology of urban trauma deaths: a comprehensive reassessment 10 years later. World J Surg. 2007;31(7):1507–1511. doi:10.1007/s00268-007-9087-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davenport RA, Guerreiro M, Frith D, et al. Activated protein C drives the hyperfibrinolysis of acute traumatic coagulopathy. Anesthesiology. 2017;126(1):115–127. doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000001428
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maegele M, Lefering R, Yucel N, et al. Early coagulopathy in multiple injury: an analysis from the German trauma registry on 8724 patients. Injury. 2007;38(3):298–304. doi:10.1016/j.injury.2006.10.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hussmann B, Lefering R, Waydhas C, et al. Does increased prehospital replacement volume lead to a poor clinical course and an increased mortality? A matched-pair analysis of 1896 patients of the trauma registry of the German society for trauma surgery who were managed by an emergency doctor at the accident site. Injury. 2013;44(5):611–617. doi:10.1016/j.injury.2012.02.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harada MY, Ko A, Barmparas G, et al. 10-year trend in crystalloid resuscitation: reduced volume and lower mortality. Int J Surg. 2017;38:78–82. doi:10.1016/j.ijsu.2016.12.073
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joseph B, Azim A, Zangbar B, et al. Improving mortality in trauma laparotomy through the evolution of damage control resuscitation: analysis of 1030 consecutive trauma laparotomies. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2017;82(2):328–333. doi:10.1097/TA.0000000000001273
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spahn DR, Bouillon B, Cerny V, et al. The European guideline on management of major bleeding and coagulopathy following trauma: fifth edition. Crit Care. 2019;23(1):98. doi:10.1186/s13054-019-2347-3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sperry JL, Minei JP, Frankel HL, et al. Early use of vasopressors after injury: caution before constriction. J Trauma. 2008;64(1):9–14. doi:10.1097/TA.0b013e31815dd029
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gauss T, Gayat E, Harrois A, et al. Effect of early use of noradrenaline on in-hospital mortality in haemorrhagic shock after major trauma: a propensity-score analysis. Br J Anaesth. 2018;120(6):1237–1244. doi:10.1016/j.bja.2018.02.032
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu F, Zhong R, Shi S, Zeng Y, Tang Z. Early initiation of norepinephrine in patients with septic shock: a propensity score-based analysis. Am J Emerg Med. 2022;54:287–296. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2022.01.063
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes A, Evans LE, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock: 2016. Intensive Care Med. 2017;43(3):304–377. doi:10.1007/s00134-017-4683-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Intensive Care Med. 2021;47(11):1181–1247. doi:10.1007/s00134-021-06506-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehta RL, Kellum JA, Shah SV, et al. Acute kidney injury network: report of an initiative to improve outcomes in acute kidney injury. Crit Care. 2007;11(2):R31. doi:10.1186/cc5713
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sims CA, Guan Y, Bergey M, et al. Arginine vasopressin, copeptin, and the development of relative AVP deficiency in hemorrhagic shock. Am J Surg. 2017;214(4):589–595. doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2017.06.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richards JE, Harris T, Dünser MW, Bouzat P, Gauss T. Vasopressors in trauma: a never event? Anesth Analg. 2021;133(1):68–79. doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000005552
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poloujadoff MP, Borron SW, Amathieu R, et al. Improved survival after resuscitation with norepinephrine in a murine model of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock. Anesthesiology. 2007;107(4):591–596. doi:10.1097/01.anes.0000281926.54940.6a
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Y, Li H, Zhang D. Timing of norepinephrine initiation in patients with septic shock: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care. 2020;24(1):488. doi:10.1186/s13054-020-03204-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bai X, Yu W, Ji W, et al. Early versus delayed administration of norepinephrine in patients with septic shock. Crit Care. 2014;18(5):532. doi:10.1186/s13054-014-0532-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imai Y, Satoh K, Taira N. Role of the peripheral vasculature in changes in venous return caused by isoproterenol, norepinephrine, and methoxamine in anesthetized dogs. Circ Res. 1978;43(4):553–561. doi:10.1161/01.res.43.4.553
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gelman S, Mushlin PS, Weiskopf R. Catecholamine-induced changes in the splanchnic circulation affecting systemic hemodynamics. Anesthesiology. 2004;100(2):434–439. doi:10.1097/00000542-200402000-00036
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunberry-Poissant S, Gilbert K, Bouchard C, et al. Fluid sparing and norepinephrine use in a rat model of resuscitated haemorrhagic shock: end-organ impact. Intensive Care Med Exp. 2018;6(1):47. doi:10.1186/s40635-018-0212-3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Singer KE, Kodali RA, Wallen TE, et al. The association of norepinephrine utilization with mortality risk in trauma patients. J Surg Res. 2022;280:234–240. doi:10.1016/j.jss.2022.06.042
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrois A, Baudry N, Huet O, et al. Norepinephrine decreases fluid requirements and blood loss while preserving intestinal villi microcirculation during fluid resuscitation of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock in mice. Anesthesiology. 2015;122(5):1093–1102. doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000000639
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ranjit S, Natraj R, Kandath SK, Kissoon N, Ramakrishnan B, Marik PE. Early norepinephrine decreases fluid and ventilatory requirements in pediatric vasodilatory septic shock. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2016;20(10):561–569. doi:10.4103/0972-5229.192036
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Byrne L, Obonyo NG, Diab SD, et al. Unintended consequences: fluid resuscitation worsens shock in an ovine model of endotoxemia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2018;198(8):1043–1054. doi:10.1164/rccm.201801-0064OC
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vincent JL, Sakr Y, Sprung CL, et al. Sepsis occurrence in acutely ill patients investigators. Sepsis in European intensive care units: results of the SOAP study. Crit Care Med. 2006;34(2):344–353. doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000194725.48928.3a
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyd JH, Forbes J, Nakada TA, Walley KR, Russell JA. Fluid resuscitation in septic shock: a positive fluid balance and elevated central venous pressure are associated with increased mortality. Crit Care Med. 2011;39(2):259–265. doi:10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181feeb15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakr Y, Rubatto Birri PN, Kotfis K, et al. Intensive care over nations investigators. Higher fluid balance increases the risk of death from sepsis: results from a large international audit. Crit Care Med. 2017;45(3):386–394. doi:10.1097/CCM.0000000000002189
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marik PE, Linde-Zwirble WT, Bittner EA, Sahatjian J, Hansell D. Fluid administration in severe sepsis and septic shock, patterns and outcomes: an analysis of a large national database. Intensive Care Med. 2017;43(5):625–632. doi:10.1007/s00134-016-4675-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ospina-Tascón GA, Hernandez G, Alvarez I, et al. Effects of very early start of norepinephrine in patients with septic shock: a propensity score-based analysis. Crit Care. 2020;24(1):52. doi:10.1186/s13054-020-2756-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Domizi R, Calcinaro S, Harris S, et al. Relationship between norepinephrine dose, tachycardia and outcome in septic shock: a multicentre evaluation. J Crit Care. 2020;57:185–190. doi:10.1016/j.jcrc.2020.02
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Permpikul C, Tongyoo S, Viarasilpa T, Trainarongsakul T, Chakorn T, Udompanturak S. Early use of norepinephrine in septic shock resuscitation (CeNESER). A randomized trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019;199(9):1097–1105. doi:10.1164/rccm.201806-1034OC
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hernandez G, Teboul JL. Is the macrocirculation really dissociated from the microcirculation in septic shock? Intensive Care Med. 2016;42(10):1621–1624. doi:10.1007/s00134-016-4416-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck V, Chateau D, Bryson GL, et al; Cooperative Antimicrobial Therapy of Septic Shock (CATSS) Database Research Group. Timing of vasopressor initiation and mortality in septic shock: a cohort study. Crit Care. 2014;18(3):R97. doi:10.1186/cc13868
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sato R, Ariyoshi N, Hasegawa D, et al. Effects of inotropes on the mortality in patients with septic shock. J Intensive Care Med. 2021;36(2):211–219. doi:10.1177/0885066619892218
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar