A Systematic Review on Rho-Kinase as a Potential Therapeutic Target for the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction

References

• LoGrasso PV, Feng Y Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitors and their application to inflammatory disorders. Cur Top Med Chem. 2009;9:704–723. doi:10.2174/156802609789044452
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakagawa O, Fujisawa K, Ishizaki T et al. ROCK-I and ROCK-II, two isoforms of Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein serine/threonine kinase in mice. FEBS Lett. 1996;392:189–193. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(96)00811-38772201
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roser AE, Tönges L, Lingor P Modulation of microglial activity by rho-kinase (rock) inhibition as therapeutic strategy in parkinson’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Front Aging Neurosci. 2017;9:1–8. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2017.0009428174533
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen -H-H, Namil A, Severns B et al. In vivo optimization of 2,3-diaminopyrazine Rho Kinase inhibitors for the treatment of glaucoma Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2014;24:1875–1879. doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.03.01724684843
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fukata Y, Kaibuchi K, Amano M, Kaibuchi K Rho-Rho-kinase pathway in smooth muscle contraction and cytoskeletal reorganization of non-muscle cells. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2001;22:32–39. doi:10.1016/S0165-6147(00)01596-011165670
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schofield AV, Steels R, Bernard O Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase (ROCK) protein controls microtubule dynamics in a novel signaling pathway that regulates cell migration. J Biol Chem. 2016;145:43620–43629. 10.1074/jbc.M112.394965
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loirand G, Touyz RM, Touyz RM Rho kinases in health and disease. Pharmacol Rev. 2015;67:1074–1095. doi:10.1124/pr.115.01059526419448
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan P, Shen M, Yu H et al. Advances in the development of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitors. Drug Discov Today. 2013;18:1323–1333. doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2013.09.01024076262
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong M, Yan BP, Liao JK et al. Rho-kinase inhibition: a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Drug Discov Today. 2010;15:622–629. doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2010.06.01120601092
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirooka Y, Shimokawa H Therapeutic potential of Rho-kinase inhibitors in cardiovascular diseases. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2005;5:31–39.15631536
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lu G, Hein TW, Kuo L Rho kinase-mediated coronary arteriolar constriction to endothelin-1: mechanistic implications for cardiac syndrome X. Transl Biomed. 2010;1:13–15.
   Google Scholar
• Amin E, Dubey BN, Zhang S-C et al. Rho-kinase: regulation, (dys)function, and inhibition. Biol Chem. 2013;394:1399–1410. doi:10.1515/hsz-2013-018123950574
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amano M, Nakayama M, Kaibuchi K Rho-kinase/ROCK: a key regulator of the cytoskeleton and cell polarity. Cytoskeleton. 2010;67:545–554. doi:10.1002/cm.2047220803696
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yin H, Ru H, Yu L et al. Targeting of Rho kinase ameliorates impairment of diabetic endothelial function in intrarenal artery.Int J Mol Sci. 2013;14:20282–20298. doi:10.3390/ijms14102028224129169
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jin L, Burnett AL RhoA/Rho-kinase in erectile tissue: mechanisms of disease and therapeutic insights. Clin Sci. 2006;110:153–165. doi:10.1042/CS2005025516411892
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doe C, Bentley R, Behm DJ et al. Novel Rho kinase inhibitors with anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory activities J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2007;320:89–98. doi:10.1124/jpet.106.11063517018693
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodrigues FL, Lopes RAM, Fais RS et al. Erectile dysfunction in heart failure rats is associated with increased neurogenic contractions in cavernous tissue and internal pudendal artery. Life Sci. 2016;145:9–18. doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2015.12.00526682935
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodrigues FL, Fais RS, Pereira MGAG et al. Erectile dysfunction in wistar audiogenic rats is associated with increased cavernosal contraction and decreased neuronal nitric oxide synthase protein expression. Urology. 2017;106:237.e1–237.e8. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2017.04.048
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu K, Cui K, Feng H, et al. JTE-013 supplementation improves erectile dysfunction in rats with streptozotocin-induced type I diabetes through the inhibition of the rho-kinase pathway, fibrosis, and apoptosis. Andrology. 2019;0–2. doi:10.1111/andr.12716
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Y, Jia L, Ji W, Li H MicroRNA-141 inhibits the proliferation of penile cavernous smooth muscle cells associated with down-regulation of the Rhoa/Rho kinase signaling pathway. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2018;48:348–360. doi:10.1159/00049174130016773
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ezzat SM, Okba MM, Ezzat MI, Aborehab NM, Mohamed SO Rho-kinase II inhibitory potential of Eurycoma longifolia new isolate for the management of erectile dysfunction. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019;2019:1–8. doi:10.1155/2019/4341592
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva DF, Wenceslau CF, Mccarthy CG et al. TRPM8 channel activation triggers relaxation of pudendal artery with increased sensitivity in the hypertensive rats Pharmacol Res. 2019;147:104329. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2019.10432931340190
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burnett AL, Rodney AN, Daniel HB, et al. Erectile dysfunction – AUA guideline – unabridged. Am Urol Assoc Guidel. 2018;633–641.
   Google Scholar
• Steers WD Pharmacologic treatment of erectile dysfunction. Rev Urol. 2002;4(Suppl 3):S17–25.16986010
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gareri P, Castagna A, Francomano D, Cerminara G, De Fazio P Erectile dysfunction in the elderly: an old widespread issue with novel treatment perspectives. Int J Endocrinol 2014;2014:1–15. doi:10.1155/2014/878670
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shamloul R, Ghanem H Erectile dysfunction. Lancet. 2013;381:153–165. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60520-023040455
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Persu C, Cauni V, Gutue S et al. Diagnosis and treatment of erectile dysfunction – a practical update. J Med Life. 2009;2:394–400.20108753
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Minh H, Nguyen T, Gabrielson AT, Hellstrom WJG Erectile dysfunction in young men: a review of the prevalence and risk factors. Sex Med Rev. 2017;5:508–520. doi:10.1016/j.sxmr.2017.05.00428642047
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giuliano F, Droupy S Erectile dysfunction. Prog Urol. 2013;23:629–637. doi:10.1016/j.purol.2013.01.01023830257
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mobley DF, Khera M, Baum N Recent advances in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Postgr Med J. 2017;93:679–685. doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2016-134073
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sopko NA, Hannan JL, Bivalacqua TJ Understanding and targeting the Rho kinase pathway in erectile dysfunction. Nat Public Gr. 2014;1–7. doi:10.1038/nrurol.2014.278
   Google Scholar
• Macleod MR, O’Collins T, Howells DW, Donnan GA Pooling of animal experimental data reveals influence of study design and publication bias. Stroke. 2004;35:1203–1208. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000125719.25853.2015060322
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song SH, Park K, Kim SW, Paick JS, Cho MC Involvement of Rho-kinase/LIM kinase/cofilin signaling pathway in corporal fibrosis after cavernous nerve injury in male rats. J Sex Med. 2015;12:1522–1532. doi:10.1111/jsm.1290325923835
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alves-Lopes R, Neves KB, Montezano AC et al. Internal pudental artery dysfunction in diabetes mellitus is mediated by NOX1-derived ROS-, Nrf2-, and Rho kinase-dependent mechanisms. Hypertension. 2016;68:1056–1064. doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.0751827528061
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ding Z, Shen X, Li Y Association of nNOS and Rho-kinase with age-associated erectile dysfunction in Sprague-Dawley rats. Exp Ther Med. 2017;13:1133–1136. doi:10.3892/etm.2017.406428450953
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karakus S, Musicki B, Burnett AL Phosphodiesterase type 5 in men with vasculogenic and post-radical prostatectomy erectile dysfunction: is there a molecular difference? BJU Int. 2018;122:1066–1074. doi:10.1111/bju.1443329888556
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uvin P, Albersen M, Bollen I et al. Additive effects of the Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632 and vardenafil on relaxation of the corpus cavernosum tissue of patients with erectile dysfunction and clinical phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor failure. BJU Int. 2017;119:325–332. doi:10.1111/bju.1369127763717
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cui K, Ruan Y, Wang T et al. FTY720 supplementation partially improves erectile dysfunction in rats with streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes through inhibition of endothelial dysfunction and corporal fibrosis J Sex Med. 2017;14:323–335. doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2017.01.00628162947
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang J, Zhou X, Lu H et al. Fluoxetine induces vascular endothelial growth factor/Netrin over-expression via the mediation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha in SH-SY5Y cells. J Neurochem. 2016;136(6):1186–1195. doi:10.1111/jnc.1352126718749
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bastaskın T, Kaya E, Ozakca I et al. Effects of silodosin, a selective alpha-1A adrenoceptor antagonist, on erectile function in a rat model of partial bladder outlet obstruction. Neurourol Urodyn. 2017;36(3):597–603. doi:10.1002/nau.2301527061103
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cui K, Luan Y, Wang T et al. Reduced corporal fibrosis to protect erectile function by inhibiting the Rho-kinase/LIM-kinase/cofilin pathway in the aged transgenic rat harboring human tissue kallikrein 1. Asian J Androl. 2017;19(1):67–72. doi:10.4103/1008-682X.18920927678468
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cho MC, Park K, Kim SW, Paick JS Restoration of erectile function by suppression of corporal apoptosis, fibrosis and corporal veno-occlusive dysfunction with Rho-kinase inhibitors in a rat model of cavernous nerve injury. J Urol. 2015;193(5):1716–1723. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2014.10.09925444982
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dalaklioglu S, Tasatargil A, Kuscu N et al. Protective effect of exendin-4 treatment on erectile dysfunction induced by chronic methylglyoxal administration in rats. Peptides. 2018;106:1–8. doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2018.05.00529792899
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li H, Jia L, Li H, Li H, Li H Angiotensin II silencing alleviates erectile dysfunction through down-regulating the Rhoa/Rho kinase signaling pathway in rats with diabetes mellitus Cell Physiol Biochem. 2018;45(1):419–427. doi:10.1159/00048691929402797
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gur S, Peak T, Yafi FA et al. Mirabegron causes relaxation of human and rat corpus cavernosum: could it be a potential therapy for erectile dysfunction? BJU Int. 2016;118(3):464–474. doi:10.1111/bju.1351527124860
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choo SH, Lee SW, Chae MR et al. Effects of eupatilin on the contractility of corpus cavernosal smooth muscle through nitric oxide-independent pathways. Andrology. 2017;5(5):1016–1022. doi:10.1111/andr.1239728719725
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ye MY, Zhao F, Ma K et al. Effect of HongJing i in treating erectile function and regulating RhoA pathway in a rat model of bilateral cavernous nerve injury. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019;2019:1–11 doi:10.1155/2019/1083737
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linder AE, Webb RC, Mills TM, Ying Z, Lewis RW, Teixeira CE. Rho-kinase and RGS-containing RhoGEFs as molecular targets for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Curr Pharm Des. 2005;4029–4040.16378508
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lasker GF, Maley JH, Kadowitz PJ A review of the pathophysiology and novel treatments for erectile dysfunction. Adv Pharmacol Sci. 2010; 2010.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhou Q, Mei Y, Shoji T et al. Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing kinase 2 deficiency in bone marrow-derived cells leads to increased cholesterol efflux and decreased atherosclerosis. Circulation. 2012;126(18):2236–2247. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.08604123011471
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li R, Park S-Y, Nishio T et al. Metabolic syndrome in rats is associated with erectile dysfunction by impairing PI3K/Akt/eNOS activity. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):1–10. doi:10.1038/s41598-016-0028-x28127051
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar