97
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Hard-Candy Consumption Does Not Have an Effect on Volume and pH of Gastric Content in Patients Undergoing Elective Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Procedures: A Randomized Controlled Trial

ORCID Icon, , , , , , , ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon show all
Pages 1049-1057 | Received 15 Jul 2022, Accepted 22 Nov 2022, Published online: 07 Nov 2023

References

  • American Society of Anesthesiology. Practice guidelines for preoperative fasting and the use of pharmacologic agents to reduce the risk of pulmonary aspiration: application to healthy patients undergoing elective procedures: an updated report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on preoperative fasting and the use of pharmacologic agents to reduce the risk of pulmonary aspiration. Anesthesiology. 2017;126(3):376–393.
  • Engelhardt T, Webster NR. Pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents in anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth. 1999;83:453–460. doi:10.1093/bja/83.3.453
  • Mendelson CL. The aspiration of stomach contents into the lungs during obstetric anesthesia. Surv Anesthesiol. 1994;38:185. doi:10.1097/00132586-199406000-00059
  • Teabeaut JR. Aspiration of gastric contents: an experimental study. Am J Clin Pathol. 1952;28:51.
  • Exarhos ND, Logan WD, Abbott OA, Hatcher CR. The importance of pH and volume in tracheobronchial aspiration. Dis Chest. 1965;47:167–169. doi:10.1378/chest.47.2.167
  • Kinni ME, Stout MM. Aspiration pneumonitis: predisposing conditions and prevention. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1986;44:378–384. doi:10.1016/S0278-2391(86)80033-7
  • Roberts RB, Shirley MA. Reducing the risk of acid aspiration during cesarean section. Anesth Analg. 1974;53:859–868. doi:10.1213/00000539-197453060-00010
  • Smith I, Kranke P, Murat I, et al. Perioperative fasting in adults and children: guidelines from the European Society of Anaesthesiology. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2011;28(8):556–569. doi:10.1097/EJA.0b013e3283495ba1
  • Consumption frequency of chewing gums in Japan 2017. Statista; 2022. Available from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/860380/japan-chewing-gum-consumption-frequency/. Accessed November 23, 2022.
  • Hamid K, Masoud L, Reza FH, Mehran G, Karmella K. Comparison of different non-pharmacological preoperative preparations on gastric fluid volume and acidity: a randomized controlled trial. Anaesth Pain Intensive Care. 2019;16:165–168.
  • Soreide E, Holst-Larsen H, Veel T, Steen PA. The effects of chewing gum on gastric content prior to induction of general anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 1995;80(5):985–989. doi:10.1097/00000539-199505000-00023
  • “Size Thailand”: the standard sizes of Thai people. Thailand Board of Investment; 2017. Available from: https://www.boi.go.th/un/boi_event_detail?module=news&topic_id=4099. Accessed November 23, 2022.
  • Goudra BG, Singh PM, Carlin A, et al. Effect of gum chewing on the volume and pH of gastric contents: a prospective randomized study. Dig Dis Sci. 2015;60:979–983. doi:10.1007/s10620-014-3404-z
  • Ouanes JP, Bicket MC, Togioka B, Tomas VG, Wu CL, Murphy JD. The role of perioperative chewing gum on gastric fluid volume and gastric pH: a meta-analysis. J Clin Anesth. 2015;27:146–152. doi:10.1016/j.jclinane.2014.07.005
  • Dubin SA, Jense HG, McCranie JM, Zubar V. Sugarless gum chewing before surgery does not increase gastric fluid volume or acidity. Can J Anaesth. 1994;41:603–606. doi:10.1007/BF03010000
  • Bouvet L, Loubradou E, Desgranges FP, Chassard D. Effect of gum chewing on gastric volume and emptying: a prospective randomized crossover study. Br J Anaesth. 2017;119:928. doi:10.1093/bja/aex270
  • Best GW, Fanning SB, Robertson IK, Blackford D, Mitchell BL. Assessing the effect of sugar-free chewing gum use on the residual gastric volume of patients fasting for gastroscopy: a randomised controlled trial. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2019;47:541–547. doi:10.1177/0310057X19886881
  • Alghsoon S, von Rosenvinge E. Effect of hard candy on salivary production. Am J Gastroenterol. 2021;16:S1354. doi:10.14309/01.ajg.0000786680.31593.4f
  • Brudevold F, Kashket S, Kent RL. The effect of sucrose and fat in cookies on salivation and oral retention in humans. J Dent Res. 1990;69:1278–1282. doi:10.1177/00220345900690061101
  • Van de Putte P, Vernieuwe L, Jerjir A, Verschueren L, Tacken M, Perlas A. When fasted is not empty: a retrospective cohort study of gastric content in fasted surgical patients. Br J Anaesth. 2017;118:363–371. doi:10.1093/bja/aew435
  • Van de Putte P, Perlas A. The link between gastric volume and aspiration risk. In search of the holy grail? Anaesthesia. 2018;73:274–279. doi:10.1111/anae.14164
  • Ohashi Y, Walker JC, Zhang F, et al. Preoperative gastric residual volumes in fasted patients measured by bedside ultrasound: a prospective observational study. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2018;46:608–613. doi:10.1177/0310057X1804600612
  • Tosun B, Yava A, Açıkel C. Evaluating the effects of preoperative fasting and fluid limitation. Int J Nurs Pract. 2015;21:156–165. doi:10.1111/ijn.12239
  • Hausel J, Nygren J, Lagerkranser M, et al. A carbohydrate-rich drink reduces preoperative discomfort in elective surgery patients. Anesth Analg. 2001;93:1344–1350. doi:10.1097/00000539-200111000-00063
  • Dennhardt N, Beck C, Huber D, et al. Optimized preoperative fasting times decrease ketone body concentration and stabilize mean arterial blood pressure during induction of anesthesia in children younger than 36 months: a prospective observational cohort study. Pediatr Anesth. 2016;26:838–843. doi:10.1111/pan.12943
  • Frykholm P, Schindler E, Sümpelmann R, Walker R, Weiss M. Preoperative fasting in children: review of existing guidelines and recent developments. Br J Anaesth. 2018;120:469–474. doi:10.1016/j.bja.2017.11.080