Investigation into the Effectiveness of Combining Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation as Treatment Options for Poststroke Shoulder Pain by Utilizing Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

References

• Feigin VL, Stark BA, Johnson CO. Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Neurol. 2021;20(10):795–820. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(21)00252-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Q, Chen D, Shen Y, Bian M, Wang P, Li J. Incidence and prevalence of poststroke shoulder pain among different regions of the world: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Neurol. 2021;12:724281. doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.724281
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adey-Wakeling Z, Arima H, Crotty M, et al. Incidence and associations of hemiplegic shoulder pain poststroke: prospective population-based study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2015;96(2):241–247.e1. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2014.09.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhan J, Wei X, Tao C, et al. Effectiveness of acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training vs. rehabilitation training alone for post-stroke shoulder pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Med. 2022;9. doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.947285
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deer TR, Eldabe S, Falowski SM, et al. Peripherally induced reconditioning of the central nervous system: a proposed mechanistic theory for sustained relief of chronic pain with percutaneous peripheral nerve stimulation. J Pain Res. 2021;14:721–736. doi:10.2147/JPR.S297091
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng J, Shen C, Zhang D, Yang W, Xu G. Development and validation of a nomogram to predict hemiplegic shoulder pain in patients with stroke: a retrospective cohort study. Arch Rehabil Res Clin Transl. 2022;4(3):100213. doi:10.1016/j.arrct.2022.100213
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Torres-Parada M, Vivas J, Balboa-Barreiro V, Marey-López J. Post-stroke shoulder pain subtypes classifying criteria: towards a more specific assessment and improved physical therapeutic care. Braz J Phys Ther. 2020;24(2):124–134. doi:10.1016/j.bjpt.2019.02.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Z, Alexander SA. Current evidence in the management of poststroke hemiplegic shoulder pain: a review. J Neurosci Nurs. 2015;47(1):10–19. doi:10.1097/JNN.0000000000000109
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mokhtari T, Ren Q, Li N, Wang F, Bi Y, Hu L. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in relieving neuropathic pain: basic mechanisms and clinical applications. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2020;24(4):1–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vance CGT, Dailey DL, Chimenti RL, Van Gorp BJ, Crofford LJ, Sluka KA. Using TENS for pain control: update on the state of the evidence. Medicina. 2022;58(10):1332. doi:10.3390/medicina58101332
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yang S, Chang MC. Transcranial direct current stimulation for the management of neuropathic pain: a narrative review. Pain Physician. 2021;24:E771–E781.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Molero-Chamizo A, Salas Sánchez Á, Álvarez Batista B, et al. Bilateral motor cortex tDCS effects on post-stroke pain and spasticity: a three cases study. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:624582. doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.624582
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang QH, Zhang YH, Du SH, Wang YC, Fang Y, Wang XQ. Non-invasive brain stimulation for central neuropathic pain. Front Mol Neurosci. 2022;15:879909. doi:10.3389/fnmol.2022.879909
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knotkova H, Hamani C, Sivanesan E, et al. Neuromodulation for chronic pain. Lancet. 2021;397(10289):2111–2124. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00794-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breivik H, Collett B, Ventafridda V, Cohen R, Gallacher D. Survey of chronic pain in Europe: prevalence, impact on daily life, and treatment. Eur J Pain. 2006;10(4):287–333. doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2005.06.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen B, Li L, Donovan C, et al. Prevalence and characteristics of chronic body pain in China: a national study. Springerplus. 2016;5(1):938. doi:10.1186/s40064-016-2581-y
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yu S, Liu R, Zhao G, et al. The prevalence and burden of primary headaches in China: a population-based door-to-door survey. Headache J Head Face Pain. 2011;52(4):582–591. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2011.02061.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang F, Xiang W, Li C, Li S. Economic burden of irritable bowel syndrome in China. World J Gastroenterol. 2016;22(47):10450–10460. doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i47.10450
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Searle RD, Bennett MI, Johnson MI, Callin S, Radford H. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for cancer bone pain. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2009;37(3):424–428. doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2008.03.017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Spank JT, Cambier DC, De Paepe HMC, Danneels LAG, Witvrouw EE, Beerens L. Pain relief in labour by transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). ArchGynecol Obstet. 2000;264(3):131–136.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vance C, Dailey D, Rakel B, et al. A novel method to obtain higher intensity TENS stimulation in clinical application. J Pain. 2015;16(4):S93. doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2015.01.388
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nitsche MA, Cohen LG, Wassermann EM, et al. Transcranial direct current stimulation: state of the art 2008. Brain Stimulat. 2008;1(3):206–223. doi:10.1016/j.brs.2008.06.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pinto CB, Costa BT, Duarte D, Fregni F. Transcranial direct current stimulation as a therapeutic tool for chronic pain. J ECT. 2018;34(3):E36–E50. doi:10.1097/YCT.0000000000000518
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Serrano GB, Rodrigues LP, Schein B, et al. Comparison of hypnotic suggestion and transcranial direct-current stimulation effects on pain perception and the descending pain modulating system: a crossover randomized clinical trial. FrontNeurosci. 2019;13:662.
   Google Scholar
• Mariano TY, Burgess FW, Bowker M, et al. Transcranial direct current stimulation for affective symptoms and functioning in chronic low back pain: a pilot double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Pain Med. 2019;20(6):1166–1177. doi:10.1093/pm/pny188
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Auvichayapat P, Keeratitanont K, Janyachareon T, Auvichayapat N. The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on metabolite changes at the anterior cingulate cortex in neuropathic pain: a pilot study. J Pain Res. 2018;11:2301–2309. PMID: 30349356; PMCID: PMC6188066. doi:10.2147/JPR.S172920
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suchting R, Colpo GD, Rocha NP, Ahn H. The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on inflammation in older adults with knee osteoarthritis: a Bayesian residual change analysis. Biol Res Nurs. 2020;22(1):57–63. doi:10.1177/1099800419869845
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• To WT, Hart J, Ridder DD, Vanneste S. Considering the influence of stimulation parameters on the effect of conventional and high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation. Expert Rev Med Devices. 2016;13(4):391–404. doi:10.1586/17434440.2016.1153968
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bikson M, Inoue M, Akiyama H, et al. Effects of uniform extracellular DC electric fields on excitability in rat hippocampal slices in vitro: modulation of neuronal function by electric fields. J Physiol. 2004;557(1):175–190. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2003.055772
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nitsche MA, Kuo MF, Paulus W, Antal A. Transcranialdirect current stimulation: protocols and physiologicalmechanisms of action. In: Knotkova H, Rasche D, editors. Textbook of Neuromodulation. Springer New York Press; 2015:101–111.
   Google Scholar
• Stagg CJ, Antal A, Nitsche MA. Physiology of transcranial direct current stimulation. J ect. 2018;34(3):144–152. doi:10.1097/YCT.0000000000000510
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cummiford CM, Nascimento TD, Foerster BR, et al. Changes in resting state functional connectivity after repetitive transcranial direct current stimulation applied to motor cortex in fibromyalgia patients. Arthritis Res Ther. 2016;18(1):40. doi:10.1186/s13075-016-0934-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin RL, Douaud G, Filippini N, Okell TW, Stagg CJ, Tracey I. Structural connectivity variances underlie functional and behavioral changes during pain relief induced by neuromodulation. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):41603. doi:10.1038/srep41603
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Anwer S, Alghadir A. Incidence, prevalence, and risk factors of hemiplegic shoulder pain: a systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;7(14):4962. doi:10.3390/ijerph17144962
   Google Scholar
• Chen K. Research progress on the pathogenesis and treatment of hemiplegic shoulder pain after stroke. Chin J Brain Dis Rehabil. 2019;9(6)375–379.
   Google Scholar
• Kim H, Kim J, Lee G, Lee J, Kim YH. Task-related hemodynamic changes induced by high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation in chronic stroke patients: an uncontrolled pilot fNIRS study. Brain Sci. 2022;13(1):12. doi:10.3390/brainsci13010012
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Morishita T, Hyakutake K, Saita K, Takahara M, Shiota E, Inoue T. Pain reduction associated with improved functional interhemispheric balance following transcranial direct current stimulation for post-stroke central pain: a case study. J Neurol Sci. 2015;358(1–2):484–485. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2015.08.1551
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boddington LJ, Reynolds JNJ. Targeting interhemispheric inhibition with neuromodulation to enhance stroke rehabilitation. Brain Stimul. 2017;10(2):214–222. doi:10.1016/j.brs.2017.01.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar