Combination of niacin extended-release and simvastatin results in a less atherogenic lipid profile than atorvastatin monotherapy

References

• GrundySMCleemanJIMerzCNImplications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelinesCirculation200411022723915249516
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KraussRMIs the size of low-density lipoprotein particles related to the risk of coronary heart diseaseJAMA200228771271311851524
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GaziIFTsimihodimosVTselepisADElisafMMikhailidisDPClinical importance and therapeutic modulation of small dense low-density lipoprotein particlesExpert Opin Biol Ther20077537217150019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El HarchaouiKvan der SteegWAStroesESValue of low-density lipoprotein particle number and size as predictors of coronary artery disease in apparently healthy men and women: The EPIC-Norfolk Prospective Population StudyJ Am Coll Cardiol20074954755317276177
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BrunzellJDDavidsonMFurbergCDLipoprotein management in patients with cardiometabolic risk: Consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association and the American College of Cardiology FoundationDiabetes Care20083181182218375431
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de BackerGAmbrosioniEBorch-JohnsenKEuropean guidelines on cardiovascular disease and prevention in clinical practiceAtherosclerosis200317114515514686332
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GrahamIAtarDBorch-JohnsenKEuropean guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: Executive summaryEur Heart J2007282375241417726041
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KraussRMBlanchePJDetection and quantitation of LDL-C subfractionsCurr Opin Lipidol19923377383
   Google Scholar
• KraussRMHeterogeneity of plasma low-density lipoproteins and atherosclerosis riskCurr Opin Lipidol199453393497858908
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• OtvosJDCollinsDFreedmanDSLow-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein particle subclasses predict coronary events and are favorably changed by gemfibrozil therapy in the Veterans Affairs High-Density Lipoprotein Intervention TrialCirculation20061131556156316534013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ArsenaultBJLemieuxIDespresJPHDL particle size and the risk of coronary heart disease in apparently healthy men and women: The EPIC-Norfolk prospective population studyAtherosclerosis200920627628119268944
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KraussRMBurkeDJIdentification of multiple subclasses of plasma low density lipoproteins in normal humansJ Lipid Res198223971047057116
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SuperkoHRThe atherogenic lipoprotein profileSci Med199743645
   Google Scholar
• van der SteegWAHolmeIBoekholdtSMHigh-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein particle size, and apolipoprotein A-I: Significance for cardiovascular risk: The IDEAL and EPIC-Norfolk studiesJ Am Coll Cardiol20085163464218261682
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ContoisJHMcConnellJPSethiAAApolipoprotein B and cardiovascular disease risk: Position statement from the AACC Lipoproteins and Vascular Diseases Division Working Group on Best PracticesClin Chem20095540741919168552
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SuperkoHRAdvanced lipoprotein testing and subfractionation are clinically usefulCirculation20091192383239519414656
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The Coronary Drug ProjectDesign methods, and baseline resultsCirculation1973473 Suppl 1I1I50
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niaspan® [Package insert]North Chicago ILAbbott Laboratories2005
   Google Scholar
• CannerPLBergeKGWengerNKFifteen year mortality in Coronary Drug Project patients: Long-term benefit with niacinJ Am Coll Cardiol19868124512553782631
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GanjiSHKamannaVSKashyapMLNiacin and cholesterol: Role in cardiovascular diseaseJ Nutr Biochem20031429830512873710
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GuytonJRNiacin in cardiovascular prevention: Mechanisms efficacy, and safetyCurr Opin Lipidol20071841542017620858
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KuvinJTDaveDMSlineyKAEffects of extended-release niacin on lipoprotein particle size, distribution, and inflammatory markers in patients with coronary artery diseaseAm J Cardiol20069874374516950175
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SuperkoHRMcGovernMERaulEGarrettBDifferential effect of two nicotinic acid preparations on low-density lipoprotein subclass distribution in patients classified as low-density lipoprotein pattern A, B, or IAm J Cardiol20049458859415342288
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AssmannGBeyond statin therapy: Why we need new thinkingCurr Med Res Opin200521Suppl 6S3S816138935
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• RobinsonJGSimvastatin: Present and future perspectivesExpert Opin Pharmacother200782159222717714068
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VioliFMichelettaFIulianoLMRC/BHF Heart Protection StudyLancet20023601782178312480452
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChanSYManciniGBIgnaszewskiAFrohlichJStatins but not fibrates improve the atherogenic to anti-atherogenic lipoprotein particle ratio: A randomized crossover studyBMC Clin Pharmacol200881018957124
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KaralisDGIshisakaDYLuoDNtaniosFWunCCEffects of increasing doses of atorvastatin on the atherogenic lipid subclasses commonly associated with hypertriglyceridemiaAm J Cardiol200710044544917659926
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SuperkoHRKraussRMDiRiccoCEffect of fluvastatin on low-density lipoprotein peak particle diameterAm J Cardiol19978078819205026
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Insull WBJJrVoANJiangPThakkarRPadleyRJEfficacy and safety of combination therapy with niacin extended-release and simvastatin versus atorvastatin in patients with dyslipidemia: The SUPREME StudyJ Clin Lipidol20093109118
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FreedmanDSOtvosJDJeyarajahEJSex and age differences in lipoprotein subclasses measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy: The Framingham StudyClin Chem2004501189120015107310
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OtvosJDMeasurement of lipoprotein subclass profiles by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyClin Lab20024817118011934219
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• OtvosJDJeyarajahEJBennettDWKraussRMDevelopment of a proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic method for determining plasma lipoprotein concentrations and subspecies distributions from a single, rapid measurementClin Chem199238163216381326420
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BrunzellJDDavidsonMFurbergCDLipoprotein management in patients with cardiometabolic risk: Consensus conference report from the American Diabetes Association and the American College of Cardiology FoundationJ Am Coll Cardiol2008511512152418402913
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JeyarajahEJCromwellWCOtvosJDLipoprotein particle analysis by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyClin Lab Med20062684787017110242
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BlakeGJOtvosJDRifaiNRidkerPMLow-density lipoprotein particle concentration and size as determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy as predictors of cardiovascular disease in womenCirculation20021061930193712370215
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MoraSOtvosJDRifaiNRosensonRSBuringJERidkerPMLipoprotein particle profiles by nuclear magnetic resonance compared with standard lipids and apolipoproteins in predicting incident cardiovascular disease in womenCirculation200911993193919204302
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SnidermanADSilberbergJIs it time to measure apolipoprotein BArteriosclerosis1990106656672206112
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• WalldiusGJungnerIHolmeIAastveitAHKolarWSteinerEHigh apolipoprotein B, low apolipoprotein A-I, and improvement in the prediction of fatal myocardial infarction (AMORIS study): A prospective studyLancet20013582026203311755609
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PedersenTROlssonAGFaergemanOLipoprotein changes and reduction in the incidence of major coronary heart disease events in the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S)Circulation199897145314609576425
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SnidermanAVuHCianfloneKEffect of moderate hypertriglyceridemia on the relation of plasma total and LDL-C apo B levelsAtherosclerosis1991891091161793438
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KasteleinJJvan der SteegWAHolmeILipids, apolipoproteins, and their ratios in relation to cardiovascular events with statin treatmentCirculation20081173002300918519851
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LiTYBrennanAMWedickNMMantzorosCRifaiNHuFBRegular consumption of nuts is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease in women with type 2 diabetesJ Nutr20091391333133819420347
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SimesRJMarschnerICHuntDRelationship between lipid levels and clinical outcomes in the Long-term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischemic Disease (LIPID) Trial: To what extent is the reduction in coronary events with pravastatin explained by on-study lipid levelsCirculation20021051162116911889008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MoraSOJBuringJERifaiNRidkerPMA prospective comparison of NMR-measured LDL-C particle number, apolipoprotein B100, and standard lipids with incident CHD in 27,673 initially healthy womenCirculation20071163481
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RidkerPMRifaiNCookNRBradwinGBuringJENon-HDL cholesterol, apolipoproteins A-I and B100, standard lipid measures, lipid ratios, and CRP as risk factors for cardiovascular disease in womenJAMA200529432633316030277
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CromwellWCOtvosJDKeyesMJLDL-C particle number and risk of future cardiovascular disease in the Framingham offspring study – implications for LDL-C managementJ Clin Lipidol2007158359219657464
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SnidermanADBergeronJFrohlichJApolipoprotein B versus lipoprotein lipids: Vital lessons from the AFCAPS/TexCAPS trialCMAJ2001164444711209748
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MorganJMCapuzziDMBakshRIEffects of extended-release niacin on lipoprotein subclass distributionAm J Cardiol2003911432143612804729
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JafriHAlsheikhAAMooneyPKimmelstielCDKarasRHKuvinJTExtended-release niacin reduces LDL-C particle number without changing total LDL-C cholesterol in patients with stable CADJ Clin Lipidol200934550
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skoglund-AnderssonCTangRBondMGde FaireUHamstenAKarpeFLDL-C particle size distribution is associated with carotid intima-media thickness in healthy 50-year-old menArterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol1999192422243010521372
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WilliamsPTSuperkoHRHaskellWLSmallest LDL-C particles are most strongly related to coronary disease progression in menArterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol20032331432112588777
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• InsullWJrThe pathology of atherosclerosis: Plaque development and plaque responses to medical treatmentAm J Med2009122S3S1419110086
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NorataGDRaselliSGrigoreLSmall dense LDL-C and VLDL predict common carotid artery IMT and elicit an inflammatory response in peripheral blood mononuclear and endothelial cellsAtherosclerosis200920655656219376517
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de GrootEJukemaJWMontauban van SwijndregtADB-mode ultrasound assessment of pravastatin treatment effect on carotid and femoral artery walls and its correlations with coronary arteriographic findings: A report of the Regression Growth Evaluation Statin Study (REGRESS)J Am Coll Cardiol199831156115679626835
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FurbergCDAdamsHPJrApplegateWBEffect of lovastatin on early carotid atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events. Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Progression Study (ACAPS) Research GroupCirculation199490167916877734010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacMahonSSharpeNGambleGEffects of lowering average of below-average cholesterol levels on the progression of carotid atherosclerosis: Results of the LIPID Atherosclerosis Substudy. LIPID Trial Research GroupCirculation199897178417909603532
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TaylorAJLeeHJSullenbergerLEThe effect of 24 months of combination statin and extended-release niacin on carotid intima-media thickness: ARBITER 3Curr Med Res Opin2006222243225017076985
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TaylorAJSullenbergerLELeeHJLeeJKGraceKAArterial Biology for the Investigation of the Treatment Effects of Reducing Cholesterol (ARBITER) 2: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of extended-release niacin on atherosclerosis progression in secondary prevention patients treated with statinsCirculation20041103512351715537681
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LeeJMRobsonMDYuLMEffects of high-dose modified-release nicotinic acid on atherosclerosis and vascular function: A randomized, placebo-controlled, magnetic resonance imaging studyJ Am Coll Cardiol2009541787179419874992
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Airan-JaviaSLWolfRLWolfeMLTadesseMMohlerEReillyMPAtheroprotective lipoprotein effects of a niacin-simvastatin combination compared to low- and high-dose simvastatin monotherapyAm Heart J2009157687.e1e819332196
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KarasRHKashyapMLKnoppRHKellerLHBajorunasDRDavidsonMHLong-term safety and efficacy of a combination of niacin extended release and simvastatin in patients with dyslipidemia: The OCEANS studyAm J Cardiovasc Drugs20088698118422390
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KarasRHDMKashyapMLThakkarRBJiangPPadelyRJAddition of niacin extended-release to baseline statin treatment reduces hsCRP in patients with mixed dyslipidemia and elevated hsCRPXV International Symposium on Atherosclerosis 2009Boston, MA2009 Jun 17
   Google Scholar