80
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
CASE REPORT

Multiple Venous and Pulmonary Artery Thrombosis as a Presenting Complaint of Nephrotic Syndrome-Case Report and Challenges in Management

, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 589-593 | Received 20 Apr 2022, Accepted 21 Jul 2022, Published online: 28 Jul 2022

References

  • Stewart Cameron JH, Hicks J. The origins and development of the concept of a “nephrotic syndrome”. Am J Nephrol. 2002;22(2–3):240–247. doi:10.1159/000063768
  • Hull RP, Goldsmith DJA. Nephrotic syndrome in adults. BMJ. 2008;336(7654):1185–1189. doi:10.1136/bmj.39576.709711.80
  • Hilmanto D, Mawardi F, Lestari AS, Widiasta A. Disease-associated systemic complications in childhood nephrotic syndrome: a systematic review. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis. 2022;15:53–62. doi:10.2147/IJNRD.S351053
  • Se Jin Park JIS, Shin JI. Complications of the nephrotic syndrome. Korean J Pediatr. 2011;54(8):322–328. doi:10.3345/kjp.2011.54.8.322
  • Radhakrishnan J. Hypercoagulability in nephrotic syndrome – uptodate; 2020:1–18. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hypercoagulability-in-nephrotic-syndrome. Accessed July 21, 2022.
  • Anderson FA, Wheeler HB, Goldberg RJ, et al. A population-based perspective of the hospital incidence and case-fatality rates of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: the Worcester DVT study. Arch Intern Med. 1991;151(5):933–938. doi:10.1001/archinte.1991.00400050081016
  • Tovey C, Wyatt S, Charles P. Clinical review thrombosis treatment. Br Med J. 2003;326:1180–1184. doi:10.1136/bmj.326.7400.1180
  • Estrada-Y-Martin RM, Oldham SA. CTPA as the gold standard for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg. 2011;6(4):557–563. doi:10.1007/s11548-010-0526-4
  • Bhimma R, Adhikari M, Asharam K. Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome: the influence of race on cyclophosphamide sensitivity. Pediatr Nephrol. 2006;21(12):1847–1853. doi:10.1007/s00467-006-0276-2
  • Yao Doe J, Funk M, Mengel M, Doehring E, Ehrich JHH. Nephrotic syndrome in African children: lack of evidence for “tropical nephrotic syndrome”? Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2006;21(3):672–676. doi:10.1093/ndt/gfi297
  • Mahmoodi BK, Ten Kate MK, Waanders F, et al. High absolute risks and predictors of venous and arterial thromboembolic events in patients with nephrotic syndrome: results from a large retrospective cohort study. Circulation. 2008;117(2):224–230. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.716951
  • Robert L, Zimmerman SN, James TT, Chen VR. Pulmonary thrombosis in a 10-year-old child with minimal change disease and nephrotic syndrome. Anat Pathol. 1993;101(2):230–236.
  • Uezono S, Hara S, Sato Y, et al. Renal biopsy in elderly patients: a clinicopathological analysis. Ren Fail. 2006;28(7):549–555. doi:10.1080/08860220600840165
  • Nair R, Bell JM, Walker PD. Renal biopsy in patients aged 80 years and older. Am J Kidney Dis. 2004;44(4):618–626. doi:10.1016/S0272-6386(04)00944-8
  • Glassock RJ. Prophylactic anticoagulation in nephrotic syndrome: a clinical conundrum. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007;18(8):2221–2225. doi:10.1681/ASN.2006111300
  • Chen Y, Schieppati A, Chen X, et al. Immunosuppressive treatment for idiopathic membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome (Review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(10). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004293.pub3