68
Views
19
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Nanomedicines in the treatment of acromegaly: focus on pegvisomant

, , &
Pages 385-398 | Published online: 09 Oct 2022

References

  • AbsRVerhelstJMaiterD1998Cabergoline in the treatment of acromegaly:a study in 64 patientsJ Clin Endocrinol Metab8337489467544
  • AhmedSElsheikhMStrattonIM1999Outcome of transsphenoidal surgery for acromegaly and its relationship to surgical experienceClin Endocrinol (Oxf)50561710468920
  • AlexanderLAppletonDHallR1980Epidemiology of acromegaly in the Newcastle regionClin Endocrinol (Oxf)127197379316
  • Alves dos SantosCMten BroekeTStrousGJ2001Growth hormone receptor ubiquitination, endocytosis, and degradation are independent of signal transduction via Janus kinase 2J Biol Chem276326354111418602
  • AttanasioREpaminondaPMottiE2003Gamma-knife radiosurgery in acromegaly: A 4-Year follow-up studyJ Clin Endocrinol Metab8831051212843150
  • BaumannG1991Growth hormone heterogeneity: genes, isohormones, variants, and binding proteinsEndocr Rev12424491760996
  • BarkanALBurmanPClemmonsDR2005Glucose homeostasis and safety in patients with acromegaly converted from long-acting octreotide to pegvisomantJ Clin Endocrinol Metab9056849116076947
  • BazanJF1990Structural design and molecular evolution of a cytokine receptor superfamilyProc Natl Acad Sci U S A87639348
  • BehnckenSNWatersMJ1999Molecular recognition events involved in the activation of the growth hormone receptor by growth hormoneJ Mol Recognit123556210611645
  • Ben ShlomoAMelmedS2003The role of pharmacotherapy in peri-operative management of patients with acromegalyJ Clin Endocrinol Metab88963812629068
  • BengtssonBAEdenSErnestI1988Epidemiology and long-term survival in acromegaly. A study of 166 cases diagnosed between 1955 and 1984Acta Med Scand223327353369313
  • BengtssonBABrummerRJEdenS1989Body composition in acromegalyClin Endocrinol (Oxf)30121302612014
  • BieringHSallerBBauditzJ2006Elevated transaminases during medical treatment of acromegaly: a review of the German pegvisomant surveillance experience and a report of a patient with histologically proven chronic mild active hepatitisEur J Endocrinol1542132016452533
  • BiermaszNRDekkerFWPereiraAM2004Determinants of survival in treated acromegaly in a single center: predictive value of serial insulin-like growth factor-I measurementsJ Clin Endocrinol Metab8927899615181059
  • BiermaszNRvan DulkenHRoelfsemaF1999Direct postoperative and follow-up results of transsphenoidal surgery in 19 acromegalic patients pretreated with octreotideJ Clin Endocrinol Metab843551510522994
  • BiermaszNRvan DulkenHRoelfsemaF2000aPostoperative radio-therapy in acromegaly is effective in reducing GH concentration to safe levelsClin Endocrinol (Oxf)533212710971449
  • BiermaszNRvan DulkenHRoelfsemaF2000bLong-term follow-up results of postoperative radiotherapy in 36 patients with acromegalyJ Clin Endocrinol Metab8524768210902796
  • BiermaszNRvan DulkenHRoelfsemaF2000cTen-year follow-up results of transsphenoidal microsurgery in acromegalyJ Clin Endocrinol Metab85459660211134114
  • BiermaszNRPereiraAMNeelisKJ2006The role of radiotherapy in the management of acromegalyExpert Rev Endocrinol MetabIn press.
  • BiermaszNRPereiraAMSmitJW2005Intravenous octreotide test predicts the long term outcome of treatment with octreotide-long-acting repeatable in active acromegalyGrowth Horm IGF Res15200615935982
  • BrownRJAdamsJJPelekanosRA2005Model for growth hormone receptor activation based on subunit rotation within a receptor dimerNat Struct Mol Biol128142116116438
  • Carter-SuCSmitLS1998Signaling via JAK tyrosine kinases: growth hormone receptor as a model systemRecent Prog Horm Res5361829769703
  • ChenWYWightDCWagnerTE1990aExpression of a mutated bovine growth hormone gene suppresses growth in transgenic miceProc Natl Acad Sci U S A875061652367524
  • ChenWYWightDCChenNY1991Mutations in the third α-helix of bovine growth hormone dramatically affect its intracellular distribution in vitro and growth enhancement in transgenic miceJ Biol Chem266225281989980
  • ChenWYChenNYYunJ1994In vitro and in vivo studies of antagonistic effects of human growth hormone analogsJ Biol Chem2691589278195244
  • ClarkROlsonKFuhG1996Long-acting growth hormones produced by conjugation with polyethylene glycolJ Biol Chem27121969778703002
  • ColaoAFeroneDMarzulloP2004Systemic complications of acromegaly: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and managementEndocr Rev251025214769829
  • CozziRAttanasioRMontiniM2003Four-year treatment with octreotide-long-acting repeatable in 110 acromegalic patients: predictive value of short-term results?J Clin Endocrinol Metab883090812843148
  • CozziRAttanasioRLodriniS2004Cabergoline addition to depot somatostatin analogues in resistant acromegalic patients: efficacy and lack of predictive value of prolactin statusClin Endocrinol (Oxf)612091515272916
  • CozziRMontiniMAttanasioR2006Primary treatment of acromegaly with octreotide LAR: A long-term (up to nine years) prospective study of its efficacy in the control of disease activity and tumor shrinkageJ Clin Endocrinol Metab91139740316449332
  • DavisFFAbuchowskiAvan EsT1978Enzyme-polyethylene glycol adducts: modified enzymes with unique propertiesEnzyme Eng416973
  • de VosAMUltschMKossiakoffAA1992Human growth hormone and extracellular domain of its receptor: crystal structure of the complexScience255306121549776
  • DrakeWMRowlesSVRobertsME2003Insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance improve in patients with acromegaly converted from depot octreotide to pegvisomantEur J Endocrinol149521714640992
  • EzzatSForsterMJBerchtoldP1994Acromegaly. Clinical and biochemical features in 500 patientsMedicine (Baltimore)73233407934807
  • FairfieldWPSesmiloGKatznelsonL2002Effects of a growth hormone receptor antagonist on bone markers in acromegalyClin Endocrinol5738590
  • FeenstraJde HerderWWten HaveSMTH2005Combined therapy with somatostatin analogues and weekly pegvisomant in active acromegalyThe Lancet36516446
  • FredaPUWardlawSLPostKD1998Long-term endocrinological follow-up evaluation in 115 patients who underwent transsphenoidal surgery for acromegalyJ Neurosurg8935389724106
  • FredaPU2003Current concepts in the biochemical assessment of the patient with acromegalyGrowth Horm IGF Res131718412914750
  • FuhGCunninghamBCFukunagaR1992Rational design of potent antagonists to the human growth hormone receptorScience2561677801535167
  • GentJVan den EijndenMvan KerkhofP2003Dimerization and signal transduction of the growth hormone receptorMol Endocrinol179677512576487
  • GilbertJAMiellJPChambersSM2005The nadir growth hormone after an octreotide test dose predicts the long-term efficacy of somatostatin analogue therapy in acromegalyClin Endocrinol (Oxford)622828
  • GiustinaAVeldhuisJD1998Pathophysiology of the neuroregulation of growth hormone secretion in experimental animals and the humanEndocr Rev19717979861545
  • GiustinaABarkanACasanuevaFF2000Criteria for cure of acromegaly: a consensus statementJ Clin Endocrinol Metab85526910690849
  • GoffinVBernichteinSCarriereO1999The growth hormone antagonist B2036 does not interact with the prolactin receptorEndocrinology1403853610433247
  • HardingPAWangXOkadaS1996Growth hormone (GH) and a GH antagonist promote GH receptor dimerization and internalizationJ Biol Chem2716708128636090
  • HarrisJMMartinNEModiM2001Pegylation: a novel process for modifying pharmacokineticsClin Pharmacokinet405395111510630
  • HoKYWeisbergerAJ1994Characterization of 24-hour growth hormone secretion in acromegaly: implications for diagnosis and therapyClin Endocrinol (Oxford)417583
  • HoflandLJLambertsSWJ2003The pathophysiological consequences of somatostatin receptor internalization and resistanceEndocr Rev24284712588807
  • HoffmanDMO’SullivanAJBaxterRC1994Diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency in adultsLancet343106487512681
  • JaffeCABarkanAL1992Treatment of acromegaly with dopamine agonistsEndocrinol Metab Clin North Am21713351355728
  • JanssenYJHFrolichMRoelfsemaF1997A low starting dose of recombinant human growth hormone (GH) in adults with GH deficiencyJ Clin Endocrinol Metab82129358989246
  • JehleSReyesCMSundeenRE2005Alternate-day administration of pegvisomant maintains normal serum insulin-like growth factor-I levels in patients with acromegalyJ Clin Endocrinol Metab9015889315585549
  • JørgensenJOLFeldt-RasmusenUFrystykJ2005Cotreatment of acromegaly with a somatostatin analog and a growth hormone receptor antagonistJ Clin Endocrinol Metab9056273116046586
  • KaravitakiNBotusanIRadianS2005The value of an acute octreotide suppression test in predicting long-term responses to depot somatostatin analogues in patients with active acromegalyClin Endocrinol (Oxf)62282815730408
  • KaulsayKKZhuTBennettWF2001The effects of autocrine human growth hormone (hGH) on human mammary carcinoma cell behavior are mediated via the hGH receptorEndocrinology1427677711159849
  • KojimaMHosodaHDateY1999Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomachNature4026566010604470
  • LancranjanIAtkinsonABSandostatin LAR Group1999Results of a European multicentre study with Sandostatin LAR in acromegalic patientsPituitary11051411081188
  • LandoltAMHallerDLomaxN1998Stereotactic radiosurgery for recurrent surgically treated acromegaly: comparison with fractionated radiotherapyJ Neurosurg88100289609294
  • LaronZPertzelanAMannheimerS1966Genetic pituitary dwarfism with high serum concentrations of growth hormone – a new inborn error of metabolism?Isr J Med Sci215255916640
  • Le RoithDBondyCYakarS2001The somatomedin hypothesisEndocr Rev22537411159816
  • LongHBeauregardHSommaM1996Surgical outcome after repeated transsphenoidal surgery in acromegalyJ Neurosurg85239478755752
  • LowmanHBWellsJA1993Affinity maturation of human growth hormone by monovalent phage displayJ Mol Biol234564788254660
  • MaamraMFinidoriJvon LaueS1999Studies with a growth hormone antagonist and dual-fluorescent confocal microscopy demonstrate that the full-length human growth hormone receptor, but not the truncated isoform, is very rapidly internalized independent of Jak2-Stat5 signalingJ Biol Chem27414791810329677
  • McCutcheonIEFlyvbjergAHillH2001Antitumor activity of the growth hormone receptor antagonist pegvisomant against human meningiomas in nude miceJ Neurosurg944879211235955
  • Mahmoud-AhmedASSuhJHMaybergMR2001Gamma knife radio-surgery in the management of patients with acromegaly: a reviewPituitary42233012501972
  • MeinhardtUEbleABessonA2003Regulation of growth-hormone-receptor gene expression by growth hormone and pegvisomant in human mesangial cellsKidney Int644213012846737
  • MelmedSSternbergRCookD2005A critical analysis of pituitary tumor shrinkage during primary medical therapy in acromegalyJ Clin Endocrinol MetabDOI 10.1210/jc.2004–2466.
  • MestronAWebbSMAstorgaR2004Epidemiology, clinical characteristics, outcome, morbidity and mortality in acromegaly based on the Spanish Acromegaly Registry (Registro Espanol de Acromegalia, REA)Eur J Endocrinol1514394615476442
  • MurrayRDKimKRenS-G2004Central and peripheral actions of somatostatin on the growth hormone-IGF-I axisJ Clin Invest1143495615286801
  • NassRToogoodAAHellmannP2000Intracerebroventricular administration of the rat growth hormone (GH) receptor antagonist G118R stimulates GH secretion: evidence for the existence of short loop negative feedback of GHJ Neuroendocrinol121194911106977
  • ParkinsonCDrakeWMRobertsME2002aA comparison of the effects of pegvisomant and octreotide on glucose, insulin, gastrin, cholecystokinin, and pancreatic polypeptide responses to oral glucose and a standard mixed mealJ Clin Endocrinol Metab87179780411932320
  • ParkinsonCDrakeWMWieringaW2002bSerum lipoprotein changes following IGF-I normalization using a growth hormone receptor antagonist in acromegalyClin Endocrinol5630311
  • ParkinsonCWhatmoreAJYatesAP2003aThe effect of pegvisomant-induced serum IGF-I normalization on serum leptin levels in patients with acromegalyClin Endocrinol5916874
  • ParkinsonCKassemMHeickendorffL2003bPegvisomant-induced serum insulin-like growth factor-I normalization in patients with acromegaly returns elevated markers of bone turnover to normalJ Clin Endocrinol Metab885650514671148
  • PelekanosRAWatersMJ2006Activation of the growth hormone receptorExpert Rev Endocrinol Metab118998
  • PijlHLangendonkJGBurggraafJ2001Altered neuroregulation of GH secretion in viscerally obese premenopausal womenJ Clin Endocrinol Metab865509551511701729
  • PradhanangaSWilkinsonIRossRJM2002Pegvisomant: structure and functionJ Mol Endocrinol2911412200225
  • RitchieCMAtkinsonABKennedyAL1990Ascertainment and natural history of treated acromegaly in Northern IrelandUlster Med J5955622349750
  • RodvoldKABennettWFZibKA1997Single-dose safety and pharmacokinetics of B2036-PEG (Somavert) after subcutaneous administration in healthy volunteers [abstract]J Clin Pharmacol37869
  • RodvoldKAvan der LelyAJ1999Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of B2036-PEG, a novel growth hormone receptor antagonist, in acromegalic subjects [abstract]Proceedings 81th annual meeting of the Endocrine Society1049
  • RoelfsemaFGoslingsBMFrolichM1979The influence of bromocriptin on serum levels of growth hormone and other pituitary hormones and its metabolic effects in active acromegalyClin Endocrinol (Oxf)1123544114344
  • RoelfsemaFBiermaszNRRomijnJA2005Treatment strategies for acromegalyExpert Opin Emerging Drugs1087590
  • RoseDRClemmonsDR2002Growth hormone receptor antagonist improves insulin resistance in acromegalyGrowth Horm IGF Res124182412423627
  • RosenbloomAL2000Physiology and disorders of the growth hormone receptor (GHR) and GH-GHR signal transductionEndocrine121071910905371
  • RossRJLeungKCMaamraM2001Binding and functional studies with the growth hormone receptor antagonist B2056-PEG (pegvisomant) reveal effects of pegylation and evidence that it binds to a receptor dimmerJ Clin Endocrinol Metab8617162311297608
  • SerriOBrazeauPKachraZ1992Octreotide inhibits insulin-like growth factor-I hepatic gene expression in hypophysectomized rat: evidence for a direct and indirect mechanism of actionEndocrinology1301816211547711
  • SesmiloGFairfieldWPKatznelsonL2002Cardiovascular risk factors in acromegaly before and after normalization of serum IGF-I levels with the GH antagonist pegvisomantJ Clin Endocrinol Metab871692911932303
  • SjogrenKLiuJLBladK1999Liver-derived insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is the principle source of IGF-I in blood but it is not required for postnatal body growth in miceProc Natl Acad Sci U S A9670889210359843
  • SjogrenKJanssonJOIsakssonOG2002A model for tissue-specific inducible insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) inactivation to determine the physiological role of liver-derived IGF-IEndocrine192495612624424
  • SotiropoulosAGoujonLSimoninG1993Ece for generation of the growth hormone-binding protein through proteolysis of the growth hormone membrane receptorEndocrinology132186358462483
  • StrousGJAlves dos SantosCGentJ2004Ubiquitin system –dependent regulation of growth hormone receptor signal transductionCurr Top Microbiol Immunol2868111815645711
  • SwaeringenBBarkerFGKatznelsonL1998Long-term mortality after transsphenoidal surgery and adjunctive therapy for acromegalyJ Clin Endocrinol Metab83341189768640
  • TachasGLofthouseSWraight2006A GH receptor antisense oligonucleotide inhibits hepatic GH receptor expression, IGF-I production and body weight gain in normal miceJ Endocrinol1891475416614389
  • ThornerMOStrasburgerCJWuZ1999Growth hormone (GH) receptor blockade with a PEG-modified GH (B2036-PEG) lowers serum insulin-like growth factor-I but does not acutely stimulate serum GHJ Clin Endocrinol Metab84209810310372717
  • TrainerPJDrakeWMKatznelsonL2000Treatment of acromegaly with the growth hormone-receptor antagonist pegvisomantN Engl J Med3421171710770982
  • TrainerPJDrakeWMPerryLA2001Modulation of cortisol metabolism by the growth hormone receptor antagonist pegvisomant in patients with acromegalyJ Clin Endocrinol Metab8629899211443156
  • UltschMde VosAMKossiakoffAA1991Crystals of the complex between human growth hormone and the extracellular domain of its receptorJ Mol Biol22286581762154
  • UltschMde VosAM1993Crystals of growth hormone –receptor complexes. Extracellular domains of the growth hormone and prolactin receptors and a hormone mutant designed to prevent receptor dimerizationJ Mol Biol2311133368515471
  • UltschMHSomersWKossiakoffAA1994The crystal structure of affinity-matured growth hormone at 2 Å resolutionJ Mol Biol236286998107110
  • Van den BergGFrolichMVeldhuisJD1994Growth hormone secretion in recently operated acromegalic patientsJ Clin Endocrinol Metab791706157989479
  • van den BergGPincusSMFrolichM1998Reduced disorderliness of growth hormone release in biochemically inactive acromegaly after pituitary surgeryEur J Endocrinol13816499506860
  • van der LelyAJde HerderWWJanssenJA1997Acromegaly:the significance of serum total and free IGF-I and IGF- binding protein-3 in diagnosisJ Endocrinol155Suppl 1S913discussion S15–6: S9–13.9389990
  • van der LelyAJHutsonRKTrainerPJ2001Long-term treatment of acromegaly with pegvisomant, a growth hormone receptor antagonistLancet3581754911734231
  • van KerkhofPSmeetsMStrousGJ2002The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway regulates the availability of the GH receptorEndocrinol143124352
  • van NeckJWDitsNFJCingelV2000Dose-response effects of a new growth hormone receptor antagonist (B2036-PEG) on circulating, hepatic and renal expression of the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor system in adult miceJ Endocrinol16729530311054644
  • van NeckJWCingelVvan VlietAK2002High-protein induced renal enlargement is growth hormone independentKidney Int6211879512234289
  • VeldhuisJDBidlingmaierMAndersonSM2001Lowering total plasma insulin-like growth factor I concentrations by way of a novel, potent, and selective growth hormone (GH) receptor antagonist, pegvisomant (B2036-Peg), augments the amplitude of GH secretory bursts and elevates basal/nonpulsatile GH release in healthy women and menJ Clin Endocrinol Metab8633041011443205
  • WalenkampMJEKarperienMPereiraAM2005Homozygous and heterozygous expression of a novel insulin-like growth factor-I mutationJ Clin Endocrinol Metab9028556415769976
  • WassJA2003Radiotherapy in acromegaly: a protagonist’s viewpointClin Endocrinol (Oxf)581283112580924
  • WilsonME2000Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) replacement during growth hormone receptor antagonism normalizes serum IGF-binding protein-3 and markers of bone formation in ovariectomized rhesus monkeysJ Clin Endocrinol Metab8515576210770197
  • WoodsKACamacho-HubnerCSavageMO1996Intrauterine growth retardation and postnatal growth failure associated with deletion of the insulin-like growth factor I geneN Eng J Med33513637
  • WrightADHillDMLowyC1970Mortality in acromegalyQ J Med391165427331