Weight neutrality with the DPP-4 inhibitor, vildagliptin: Mechanistic basis and clinical experience

References

• NathanDMBuseJBDavidsonMBMedical management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes: A consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy: A consensus statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of DiabetesDiabetes Care20093219320318945920
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RodbardHWJellingerPSDavidsonJAStatement by an American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology consensus panel on type 2 diabetes mellitus: An algorithm for glycemic controlEndocrine Practice20091554055919858063
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Diabetes AssociationStandards of medical care in diabetes – 2010Diabetes Care201033Suppl 1S11S6120042772
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeFronzoRAPathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitusMed Clin N Am20048878783515308380
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Diabetes AssociationDiagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitusDiabetes Care201033Suppl 1S62S6920042775
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PaolissoGTataranniPAFoleyJEBogardusCHowardBVRavussinEA high concentration of plasma free fatty acids is a risk factor for the development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitusDiabetologia199538121312178690174
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WeyerCFoleyJEBogardusCTataranniPAPratleyREEnlarged subcutaneous abdominal adipocyte size, but not obesity itself, predicts type II diabetes independent of insulin resistanceDiabetologia2000431498150611151758
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RaveKNosekLPosnerJHeiseTRoggenKvan HoogdalemEJRenal glucose excretion as a function of blood glucose concentration in subjects with type 2 diabetes: results of a hyperglycaemic glucose clamp studyNephrol Dial Transplant2006212166217116627603
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IDF.org Brussels: International Diabetes Federation. Position Statement – Urine Glucose Monitoring. 20053 Available from: http://www.idf.org/Position_statementsurine_monitoring Accessed Dec 16, 2009.
   Google Scholar
• The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research GroupThe effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitusN Engl J Med19933299779868366922
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) GroupIntensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33)Lancet19983528378539742976
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BirkelandKIHanssenKFUrdalPBergKVaalerSA long-term, randomized, comparative study of insulin versus sulfonylurea therapy in type 2 diabetesJ Intern Med19942363053138077888
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Actos [Package insert]Deerfield, ILTakeda Pharmaceuticals America, Inc.2009
   Google Scholar
• Avandia [Package insert]Research Triangle Park, NCGlaxoSmithKline2008
   Google Scholar
• MiyazakiYGlassLTriplittCEffect of rosiglitazone on glucose and non-esterified fatty acid metabolism in type II diabetic patientsDiabetologia2001442210221911793023
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BodenGZhangMRecent findings concerning thiazolidinediones in the treatment of diabetesExpert Opin Investig Drugs200615243250
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NestoRWBellDBonowROThiazolidinedione use, fluid retention, and congestive heart failureDiabetes Care20042725626314693998
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AhrénBFoleyJEThe islet enhancer vildagliptin: Mechanisms of improved glucose metabolismInt J Clin Pract200862Suppl 15981418173812
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NICEorg.uk London: National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). Type 2 diabetes: Newer agents for blood glucose in type 2 diabetes. 2009 May. Available from: www.nice.org.uk/CG87Short-Guideline Accessed Dec 16, 2009.
   Google Scholar
• NauckMAMeierJJGlucagon-like peptide 1 and its derivatives in the treatment of diabetesRegulatory Peptides200512813514815780433
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HolstJJToft-NielsenMBOrskovCNauckMWillmsBOn the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 on blood glucose regulation in normal and diabetic subjectsAnn N Y Acad Sci19968057297368993469
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toft-NielsenMMadsbadSHolstJDeterminants of the effectiveness of glucagon-like peptide-1 in type 2 diabetesJ Clin Endocrinol Metab2001863853386011502823
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byetta [Package insert]San Diego, CAAmylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc.2009
   Google Scholar
• FlintARabenAAstrupAHolstJJGlucagon-like peptide 1 promotes satiety and suppresses energy intake in humansJ Clin Invest19981015155209449682
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Victoza [Package insert]Bagsvaerd, DenmarkNovo Nordisk A/S2010
   Google Scholar
• BlondeLRussell-JonesDThe safety and efficacy of liraglutide with or without oral antidiabetic drug therapy in type 2 diabetes: An overview of the LEAD 1–5 studiesDiabetes Obes Metab200911Suppl 3263419878259
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BuseJBRosenstockJSestiGLEAD-6 Study GroupLiraglutide once a day versus exenatide twice a day for type 2 diabetes: A 26-week randomised, parallel-group, multinational, open-label trial (LEAD-6)Lancet2009374394719515413
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AhrénBLandin-OlssonMJanssonPASvenssonMHolmesDSchweizerAInhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 reduces glycemia, sustains insulin levels, and reduces glucagon levels in type 2 diabetesJ Clin Endocrinol Metab2004892078208415126524
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MariASallasWMHeYLVildagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitor, improves model-assessed beta-cell function in patients with type 2 diabetesJ Clin Endocrinol Metab2005904888489415886245
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galvus [Package insert]West Sussex, UKNovartis Europharm2008
   Google Scholar
• Pi-SunyerFXSchweizerAMillsDDejagerSEfficacy and tolerability of vildagliptin monotherapy in drug-naïve patients with type 2 diabetesDiabetes Res Clin Pract20077613213817223217
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DejagerSRazacSFoleyJESchweizerAVildagliptin in drug-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes: A 24-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multiple-dose studyHorm Metab Res20073921822317373638
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ScherbaumWASchweizerAMariAEfficacy and tolerability of vildagliptin in drug-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes and mild hyperglycaemiaDiabetes Obes Metab20081067568218248490
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ScherbaumWASchweizerAMariAEvidence that vildagliptin attenuates deterioration of glycaemic control during 2-year treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes and mild hyperglycaemiaDiabetes Obes Metab2008101114112418355325
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FonsecaVSchweizerAAlbrechtDBaronMAChangIDejagerSAddition of vildagliptin to insulin improves glycaemic control in type 2 diabetesDiabetologia2007501148115517387446
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FonsecaVBaronMShaoQDejagerSSustained efficacy and reduced hypoglycemia during one year of treatment with vildagliptin added to insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusHorm Metab Res20084042743018401832
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GarberAJFoleyJEBanerjiMAEffects of vildagliptin on glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with a sulphonylureaDiabetes Obes Metab2008101047105618284434
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SchweizerACouturierAFoleyJEDejagerSComparison between vildagliptin and metformin to sustain reductions in HbA1c over 1 year in drug-naïve patients with type 2 diabetesDiabet Med20072495596117509069
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RosenstockJBaronMADejagerSMillsDSchweizerAComparison of vildagliptin and rosiglitazone monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes: A 24-week, double-blind, randomized trialDiabetes Care20073021722317259484
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VellaABockGGieslerPDThe effect of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition on gastric volume, satiation and enteroendocrine secretion in type 2 diabetes: A double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover studyClin Endocrinol (Oxf)20086973774418331607
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FerranniniEFonsecaVZinmanBFifty-two-week efficacy and safety of vildagliptin vs glimepiride in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled on metformin monotherapyDiabetes Obes Metab20091115716619125777
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RosenstockJSankohSListJFGlucose-lowering activity of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor saxagliptin in drug-naive patients with type 2 diabetesDiabetes Obes Metab20081037638618355324
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RosenstockJAguilar-SalinasCKleinENepalSListJChenRCV181-011 Study InvestigatorsEffect of saxagliptin monotherapy in treatment-naïve patients with type 2 diabetesCurr Med Res Opin2009252401241119650754
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeFronzoRAHissaMNGarberAJSaxagliptin 014 Study GroupThe efficacy and safety of saxagliptin when added to metformin therapy in patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes with metformin aloneDiabetes Care2009321649165519478198
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HollanderPLiJAllenEChenRCV181-013 InvestigatorsSaxagliptin added to a thiazolidinedione improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes and inadequate control on thiazolidinedione aloneJ Clin Endocrinol Metab2009944810481919864452
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AschnerPKipnesMSLuncefordJKSanchezMMickelCWilliams-HermanDESitagliptin Study 021 GroupEffect of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor sitagliptin as monotherapy on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetesDiabetes Care2006292632263717130196
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CharbonnelBKarasikALiuJWuMMeiningerGSitagliptin Study 020 GroupEfficacy and safety of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor sitagliptin added to ongoing metformin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin aloneDiabetes Care2006292638264317130197
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RosenstockJBrazgRAndryukPJLuKSteinPSitagliptin Study 019 GroupEfficacy and safety of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor sitagliptin added to ongoing pioglitazone therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes: A 24-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group studyClin Ther2006281556156817157112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NauckMAMeiningerGShengDTerranellaLSteinPPSitagliptin Study 024 GroupEfficacy and safety of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, sitagliptin, compared with the sulfonylurea, glipizide, in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on metformin alone: A randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority trialDiabetes Obes Metab2007919420517300595
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RazIHanefeldMXuLCariaCWilliams-HermanDKhatamiHSitagliptin Study 023 GroupEfficacy and safety of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor sitagliptin as monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusDiabetologia2006492564257117001471
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AhrénBFoleyJEFerranniniEChanges in prandial glucagon levels after 2-year treatment with vildagliptin or glimepiride in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled with metformin therapyDiabetes Care20103373073220067974
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NathanDMKuenenJBorgRTranslating the A1C assay into estimated average glucose valuesDiabetes Care20083116
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MatikainenNMänttäriSSchweizerAVildagliptin therapy reduces postprandial intestinal triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particles in patients with type 2 diabetesDiabetologia2006492049205716816950
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BoschmannMEngeliSDobbersteinKDipeptidyl-peptidase-IV inhibition augments postprandial lipid mobilization and oxidation in type 2 diabetic patientsJ Clin Endocrinol Metab20099484685219088168
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MarfellaRBarbieriMGrellaRRizzoMRNicolettiGFPaolissoGEffects of vildagliptin twice daily vs sitagliptin once daily on 24-hour acute glucose fluctuationsJ Diabetes Complications201024798319261490
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MorettoTJMiltonDRRidgeTDEfficacy and tolerability of exenatide monotherapy over 24 weeks in antidiabetic drug-naive patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group studyClin Ther2008301448146018803987
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BunckMCDiamantMCornérAOne-year treatment with exenatide improves beta-cell function, compared with insulin glargine, in metformin-treated type 2 diabetic patients: A randomized, controlled trialDiabetes Care20093276276819196887
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeFronzoRARatnerREHanJKimDDFinemanMSBaronADEffects of exenatide (exendin-4) on glycemic control and weight over 30 weeks in metformin-treated patients with type 2 diabetesDiabetes Care2005281092110015855572
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BuseJBHenryRRHanJKimDDFinemanMSBaronADExenatide-113 Clinical Study GroupEffects of exenatide (exendin-4) on glycemic control over 30 weeks in sulfonylurea-treated patients with type 2 diabetesDiabetes Care2004272628263515504997
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KendallDMRiddleMCRosenstockJEffects of exenatide (exendin-4) on glycemic control over 30 weeks in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin and a sulfonylureaDiabetes Care2005281083109115855571
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RadikovaZAzumaKThomasEEffects of vildagliptin on postprandial glucose homeostasis in type 2 DMDiabetologia200649Suppl 1401
   Google Scholar
• AhrénBPaciniGFoleyJESchweizerAImproved meal-related beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity by the dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitor vildagliptin in metformin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes over 1 yearDiabetes Care2005281936194016043735
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D’AlessioDAWatsonCEHeYLRestoration of acute insulin response to glucose (AIRg) in drug-naive patients with type 2 diabetes (T2 DM) by 3-month treatment with vildagliptinDiabetes200655Suppl 1A108
   Google Scholar
• UtzschneiderKMTongJMontgomeryBThe dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor vildagliptin improves beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity in subjects with impaired fasting glucoseDiabetes Care20083110811317909087
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YilmazYAtugOYonalODipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors: Therapeutic potential in nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseMed Sci Monit200915HY1HY519333209
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar