Vascular effects of rapid-acting insulin analogs in the diabetic patient: a review

References

• Clearinghouse NDI National Diabetes Statistics 2007 wwwdiabetesniddk.nih.govAccessed September 8, 2008
   Google Scholar
• NathanDMClinical practice. Initial management of glycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitusN Engl J Med2002347171342134912397193
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ShearKWeight-loss more effective than intensive insulin therapy for type 2 diabetics, according to expertUT Southwestern News3112008 http://www.utsouthwestern.edu/utsw/cda/dept353744/files/449942.html. Accessed September 8, 2008
   Google Scholar
• UngerRHReinventing type 2 diabetes: pathogenesis, treatment, and preventionJAMA2008299101185118718334695
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PyoralaMMiettinenHLaaksoMPyoralaKPlasma insulin and all-cause, cardiovascular, and noncardiovascular mortality: the 22-year follow-up results of the Helsinki Policemen StudyDiabetes Care20002381097110210937504
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DucimetierePEschwegeEPapozLRichardJLClaudeJRRosselinGRelationship of plasma insulin levels to the incidence of myocardial infarction and coronary heart disease mortality in a middle-aged populationDiabetologia19801932052106997122
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LeonettiFIozzoPGiaccariAAbsence of clinically overt atherosclerotic vascular disease and adverse changes in cardiovascular risk factors in 70 patients with insulinomaJ Endocrinol Invest199316118758808144864
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SemenkovichCFInsulin resistance and atherosclerosisJ Clin Invest200611671813182216823479
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AristizabalDGalloJFernandezRRestrepoMAZapataNCorreaMThe insulin gradient phenomenon: a manifestation of the effects of body weight on blood pressure and insulin resistanceJ Cardiometab Syndr20083421822319040590
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• RobinsSJRubinsHBFaasFHInsulin resistance and cardiovascular events with low HDL cholesterol: the Veterans Affairs HDL Intervention Trial (VA-HIT)Diabetes Care20032651513151712716814
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BrandsMWHallJEInsulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and obesity-associated hypertensionJ Am Soc Nephrol199235106410771482747
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EbincHEbincFAOzkurtZNDogruTYilmazMRelationship of left ventricular mass to insulin sensitivity and body mass index in healthy individualsActa Cardiol200661439840516970048
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MilesHLAceriniCLInsulin analog preparations and their use in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitusPaediatr Drugs200810316317618454569
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KurtzhalsPSchafferLSorensenACorrelations of receptor binding and metabolic and mitogenic potencies of insulin analogs designed for clinical useDiabetes2000496999100510866053
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HansenBFDanielsenGMDrejerKSustained signalling from the insulin receptor after stimulation with insulin analogues exhibiting increased mitogenic potencyBiochem J199631512712798670118
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• StrattonIMAdlerAINeilHAAssociation of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational studyBMJ2000321725840541210938048
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HolmanRRPaulSKBethelMAMatthewsDRNeilHAW10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetesN Engl J Med2008359151577158918784090
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GohS-YCooperMEThe role of advanced glycation end products in progression and complications of diabetesJ Clin Endocrinol Metab20089341143115218182449
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GinsbergBJMazzeRClinical consequences of the Diabetes Control and Complications TrialN J Med19949142212248202266
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• NathanDMLachinJClearyPIntensive diabetes therapy and carotid intima-media thickness in type 1 diabetes mellitusN Engl J Med2003348232294230312788993
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NathanDMClearyPABacklundJYIntensive diabetes treatment and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetesN Engl J Med2005353252643265316371630
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MalmbergKProspective randomised study of intensive insulin treatment on long term survival after acute myocardial infarction in patients with diabetes mellitus DIGAMI (Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin Glucose Infusion in Acute Myocardial Infarction) Study GroupBMJ19973147093151215159169397
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ADVANCE Collaborative GroupPatelAMacMahonSChalmersJIntensive blood glucose control and vascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetesN Engl J Med2008358242560257218539916
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Study GroupGersteinHCMillerMEByingtonRPEffects of intensive glucose lowering in type 2 diabetesN Engl J Med2008358242545255918539917
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DluhyRGMcMahonGTIntensive glycemic control in the ACCORD and ADVANCE trialsN Engl J Med2008358242630263318539918
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RossettiPPorcellatiFFanelliCGPerrielloGTorloneEBolliGBSuperiority of insulin analogues versus human insulin in the treatment of diabetes mellitusArch Physiol Biochem2008114131018465353
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• AbrairaCDuckworthWCMoritzTGlycaemic separation and risk factor control in the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial: an interim reportDiabetes Obes Metab200911215015618671796
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ismail-BeigiFMoghissiESGlycemia management and cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes: an evolving perspectiveEndocr Pract200814563964318753110
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• FonsecaVAThe effects of insulin on the endotheliumEndocrinol Metab Clin North Am200736S2202618407031
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• DandonaPAljadaAMohantyPThe anti-inflammatory and potential anti-atherogenic effect of insulin: a new paradigmDiabetologia200245692493012107738
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AljadaADandonaPEffect of insulin on human aortic endothelial nitric oxide synthaseMetabolism200049214715010690935
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZengGQuonMJInsulin-stimulated production of nitric oxide is inhibited by wortmannin. Direct measurement in vascular endothelial cellsJ Clin Invest19969848948988770859
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BaronADInsulin and the vasculature–old actors, new rolesJ Investig Med1996448406412
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BaronADHemodynamic actions of insulinAm J Physiol1994267(2 Pt 1):E1872028074198
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LibbyPRidkerPMMaseriAInflammation and atherosclerosisCirculation200210591135114311877368
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AlbertiniJPValensiPLormeauBElevated concentrations of soluble E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in NIDDM. Effect of intensive insulin treatmentDiabetes Care1998216100810139614623
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AljadaAGhanimHSaadehRDandonaPInsulin inhibits NFkappaB and MCP-1 expression in human aortic endothelial cellsJ Clin Endocrinol Metab200186145045311232040
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BarnesPJKarinMNuclear factor-kappaB: a pivotal transcription factor in chronic inflammatory diseasesN Engl J Med199733615106610719091804
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DandonaPAljadaAMohantyPInsulin inhibits intranuclear nuclear factor kappaB and stimulates IkappaB in mononuclear cells in obese subjects: evidence for an anti-inflammatory effect?J Clin Endocrinol Metab20018673257326511443198
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HansenTKThielSWoutersPJChristiansenJSVan den BergheGIntensive insulin therapy exerts antiinflammatory effects in critically ill patients and counteracts the adverse effect of low mannose-binding lectin levelsJ Clin Endocrinol Metab20038831082108812629088
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChaudhuriAJanickeDWilsonMFAnti-inflammatory and profibrinolytic effect of insulin in acute ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarctionCirculation2004109784985414757687
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humalog Package Insert http://pi.lilly.com/us/humalog-pen-pi.pdf. Accessed September 8, 2008
   Google Scholar
• Humalog 75/25. Package Insert http://pi.lilly.com/us/humalog7525-pi.pdfAccessed September 8, 2008
   Google Scholar
• ForstTForstSStrunkKImpact of insulin on microvascular blood flow and endothelial cell function in the postprandial state in patients with Type 1 diabetesJ Diabetes Complications200519312813215866056
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LefebvrePJScheenAJThe postprandial state and risk of cardiovascular diseaseDiabet Med199815 Suppl4S63S689868996
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• GaleEAA randomized, controlled trial comparing insulin lispro with human soluble insulin in patients with Type 1 diabetes on intensified insulin therapy. The UK Trial GroupDiabet Med200017320921410784225
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Apidra Prescribing Informationhttp://products.sanofiaventis.us/apidra/apidra.html Accessed September 29, 2008.
   Google Scholar
• HohbergCForstTLarbigMEffect of Insulin Glulisine on Microvascular Blood Flow and Endothelial Function in the Postprandial StateDiabetes Care20083151021102518268067
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Novolog Prescribing Information Prescribing Information. Available at: http://www.novolog.com/NovoLog_Prescribing_Info.pdf. Accessed September 29, 2008
   Google Scholar
• GallagherAHomePDThe effect of improved post-prandial blood glucose control on post-prandial metabolism and markers of vascular risk in people with Type 2 diabetesDiabetes Res Clin Pract200567319620315713351
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SrinivasanMHerreroPMcGillJBThe effects of plasma insulin and glucose on myocardial blood flow in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitusJ Am Coll Cardiol2005461424815992633
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• StentzFBUmpierrezGECuervoRKitabchiAEProinflammatory cytokines, markers of cardiovascular risks, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation in patients with hyperglycemic crisesDiabetes20045382079208615277389
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CerielloADel PratoSBue-ValleskeyJPremeal insulin lispro plus bedtime NPH or twice-daily NPH in patients with type 2 diabetes: acute postprandial and chronic effects on glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factorsJ Diabetes Complications2007211202717189870
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GiuglianoDCerielloARazzoliEEspositoKDefining the role of insulin lispro in the management of postprandial hyperglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusClin Drug Investig2008284199210
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HolmanRRThorneKIFarmerAJAddition of biphasic, prandial, or basal insulin to oral therapy in type 2 diabetesN Engl J Med2007357171716173017890232
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BragdJAdamsonUBacklundLBLinsPEMobergEOskarssonPCan glycaemic variability, as calculated from blood glucose self-monitoring, predict the development of complications in type 1 diabetes over a decade?Diabetes Metab200834661261618824382
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MilicevicZRazIStrojekKHyperglycemia and its effect after acute myocardial infarction on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (HEART2D) Study designJ Diabetes Complications2005192808715745837
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hyperglycemia and Its Effect After Acute Myocardial Infarction on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (HEART2D) studyAmerican Diabetes Association 68th Scientific Sessions: Late Breaking Clinical StudiesPresented June 9, 2008
   Google Scholar