Multimorbidity, Care Complexity and Prescribing for the Elderly

• Australian Bureau of Statistics. National Health Survey: Summary of Results 2004–2005. Australian Bureau of Statistics, Canberra, Australia (2006).
   Google Scholar
• Marengoni A , AnglemanS, MelisRet al. Aging with multimorbidity: a systematic review of the literature. Ageing Res. Rev. 10(4), 430–439(2011).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yach D , HawkesC, GouldCL, HofmanKJ. The global burden of chronic diseases: overcoming impediments to prevention and control. JAMA291(21), 2616–2622(2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO. The Global Burden of Disease: 2004 Update. WHO, Geneva, Switzerland (2008).
   Google Scholar
• WHO. Global Status Report on Noncommunicable Diseases 2010. WHO, Geneva, Switzerland (2011).
   Google Scholar
• United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. World Population to 2300. United Nations, New York, NY, USA (2004).
   Google Scholar
• Glynn LG , ValderasJM, HealyPet al. The prevalence of multimorbidity in primary care and its effect on health care utilization and cost. Fam. Pract. DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmr013 (2011) (Epub ahead of print).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salisbury C , JohnsonL, PurdyS, ValderasJM, MontgomeryAA. Epidemiology and impact of multimorbidity in primary care: a retrospective cohort study. Br. J. Gen. Pract.61(582), 12–21(2011).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uijen AA , van de Lisdonk EH. Multimorbidity in primary care: prevalence and trend over the last 20 years. Eur. J. Gen. Pract.14(Suppl. 1), 28–32(2008).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Caughey GE , RamsayEN, VitryAIet al. Comorbid chronic diseases, discordant impact on mortality in the elderly: a 14-year longitudinal population study. J. Epidemiol. Community Health 64(12), 1036–1042(2010).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schoen C , OsbornR, HowSK, DotyMM, PeughJ. In chronic condition: experiences of patients with complex health care needs, in eight countries, 2008. Health Aff. (Millwood)28(1), w1–w16 (2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caughey GE , RougheadEE, ShakibS, VitryAI, GilbertAL. Comorbidity and potential treatment conflicts in the elderly with heart failure. Drugs Aging28(7), 575–581(2011).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caughey GE , VitryAI, GilbertAL, RougheadEE. Prevalence of comorbidity of chronic diseases in Australia. BMC Public Health8, 221 (2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caughey GE , RougheadEE, VitryAI, McDermottRA, ShakibS, GilbertAL. Comorbidity in the elderly with diabetes: identification of areas of potential treatment conflicts. Diabet. Res. Clin. Pract.87(3), 385–393(2010).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vitry AI , RougheadEE, PreissAKet al. Influence of comorbidities on therapeutic progression of diabetes treatment in Australian veterans: a cohort study. PLoS One 5(11), e14024 (2010).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunn JM , AytonDR, DensleyKet al. The association between chronic illness, multimorbidity and depressive symptoms in an Australian primary care cohort. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. DOI: 10.1007/s00127-010-0330-z (2010) (Epub ahead of print).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caughey GE , RougheadEE, ShakibS, McDermottRA, VitryAI, GilbertAL. Comorbidity of chronic disease and potential treatment conflicts in older people dispensed antidepressants. Age Ageing39(4), 488–494(2010).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roughead EE , BarrattJD, GilbertAL. Medication-related problems commonly occurring in an Australian community setting. Pharm. Drug Saf.13(2), 83–87(2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roughead EE . The nature and extent of drug-related hospitalisations in Australia. J. Qual. Clin. Pract.19(1), 19–22(1999).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kongkaew C , NoycePR, AshcroftDM. Hospital admissions associated with adverse drug reactions: a systematic review of prospective observational studies. Ann. Pharm.42(7), 1017–1025(2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomsen LA , WintersteinAG, SondergaardB, HaugbolleLS, MelanderA. Systematic review of the incidence and characteristics of preventable adverse drug events in ambulatory care. Ann. Pharm.41(9), 1411–1426(2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nishtala PS , McLachlanAJ, BellJS, ChenTF. A retrospective study of drug-related problems in Australian aged care homes: medication reviews involving pharmacists and general practitioners. J. Eval. Clin. Pract.17(1), 97–103(2011).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soendergaard B , KirkebyB, DinsenC, HerborgH, KjellbergJ, StaehrP. Drug-related problems in general practice: results from a development project in Denmark. Pharm. World Sci.28(2), 61–64(2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kassam R , FarrisKB, BurbackL, VolumeCI, CoxCE, CaveA. Pharmaceutical care research and education project: pharmacists’ interventions. J. Am. Pharm. Assoc. (Wash.)41(3), 401–410(2001).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vinks TH , EgbertsTC, de Lange TM, de Koning FH. Pharmacist-based medication review reduces potential drug-related problems in the elderly: the SMOG controlled trial. Drugs Aging26(2), 123–133(2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stafford AC , TenniPC, PetersonGMet al. Drug-related problems identified in medication reviews by Australian pharmacists. Pharm. World Sci. 31(2), 216–223(2009).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fick DM , WallerJL, MacleanJRet al. Potentially inappropriate medication use in a Medicare managed care population: association with higher costs and utilization. J. Manag. Care Pharm. 7(5), 407–413(2001).
   Google Scholar
• Fu AZ , LiuGG, ChristensenDB. Inappropriate medication use and health outcomes in the elderly. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc.52, 1934–1939(2004).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pitkala KH , StrandbergTE, TilvisRS. Inappropriate drug prescribing in home-dwelling, elderly patients: a population-based survey. Arch. Intern. Med.162(15), 1707–1712(2002).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sloane PD , ZimmermanS, BrownLC, IvesTJ, WalshJF. Inappropriate medication prescribing in residential care/assisted living facilities. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc.50, 1001–1011(2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stuck AE , BeersMH, SteinerA, AronowHU, RubensteinLZ, BeckJC. Inappropriate medication use in community-residing older persons. Arch. Intern. Med.154, 2195–2200(1994).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lau DT , KasperJD, PotterDEB, LylesA, BennettRG. Hospitalization and death associated with potentially inappropriate medication prescriptions among elderly nursing home residents. Arch. Intern. Med.165, 68–74(2005).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Roughead EE , SempleSJ. Medication safety in acute care in Australia: where are we now?. Part 1: a review of the extent and causes of medication problems 2002–2008. Aust. New Zealand Health Policy6, 18 (2009).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Burgess CL , HolmanDJ, SattiA. Adverse drug reactions in older Australians: 1981–2002. Med. J. Aust.182(6), 267–270(2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Runciman WB , RougheadEE, SempleSJ, AdamsRJ. Adverse drug events and medication errors in Australia. Int. J. Qual. Health Care15(Suppl. 1), i49–i59 (2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilbert AL , RougheadEE, BeilbyJ, MottK, BarrattJD. Collaborative medication management services: improving patient care. Med. J. Aust.177(4), 189–192(2002).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leendertse AJ , EgbertsAC, StokerLJ, van den Bemt PM. Frequency of and risk factors for preventable medication-related hospital admissions in The Netherlands. Arch. Intern. Med.168(17), 1890–1896(2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schoen C , OsbornR, HuynhPTet al. Taking the pulse of health care systems: experiences of patients with health problems in six countries. Health Aff. (Millwood) Suppl. Web Exclusives, W5-509–W5-525 (2005).
   Google Scholar
• Boyd CM , DarerJ, BoultC, FriedLP, BoultL, WuAW. Clinical practice guidelines and quality of care for older patients with multiple comorbid diseases: implications for pay for performance. JAMA294(6), 716–724(2005).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vitry AI , ZhangY. Quality of Australian clinical guidelines and relevance to the care of older people with multiple comorbid conditions. Med. J. Aust.189(7), 360–365(2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Spall HG , TorenA, KissA, FowlerRA. Eligibility criteria of randomized controlled trials published in high-impact general medical journals: a systematic sampling review. JAMA297(11), 1233–1240(2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blendon RJ , SchoenC, DesRochesC, OsbornR, ZapertK. Common concerns amid diverse systems: health care experiences in five countries. Health Aff. (Millwood)22(3), 106–121(2003).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schoen C , OsbornR, DotyMM, BishopM, PeughJ, MurukutlaN. Toward higher-performance health systems: adults’ health care experiences in seven countries, 2007. Health Aff. (Millwood)26(6), W717–W734 (2007).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zulman DM , KerrEA, HoferTP, HeislerM, Zikmund-FisherBJ. Patient–provider concordance in the prioritization of health conditions among hypertensive diabetes patients. J. Gen. Intern. Med.25(5), 408–414(2010).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tinetti ME , McAvayGJ, FriedTRet al. Health outcome priorities among competing cardiovascular, fall injury, and medication-related symptom outcomes. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 56(8), 1409–1416(2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper RJ , BissellP, WardPet al. Further challenges to medical dominance?. The case of nurse and pharmacist supplementary prescribing. Health (London) DOI: 10.1177/1/363459310364159 (2011) (Epub ahead of print).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nissen L , KyleG. Non-medical prescribing in Australia. Aust. Presc.33, 166–167(2010).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Walraven C , OakeN, JenningsA, ForsterAJ. The association between continuity of care and outcomes: a systematic and critical review. J. Eval. Clin. Pract.16(5), 947–956(2010).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belcher VN , FriedTR, AgostiniJV, TinettiME. Views of older adults on patient participation in medication-related decision-making. J. Gen. Intern. Med.21(4), 298–303(2006).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fried TR , McGrawS, AgostiniJV, TinettiME. Views of older persons with multiple morbidities on competing outcomes and clinical decision-making. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc.56(10), 1839–1844(2008).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roughead EE , SempleSJ, VitryA. The Value of Pharmacist Professional Services in the Community Setting. A Systematic Review of the Literature 1990–2002. Pharmacy Guild of Australia, Canberra (2002).
   Google Scholar
• Kaboli PJ , HothAB, McClimonBJ, SchnipperJL. Clinical pharmacists and inpatient medical care: a systematic review. Arch. Intern. Med.166(9), 955–964(2006).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chhabra PT , RattingerGB, DutcherSK, HareME, ParsonsKL, ZuckermanIH. Medication reconciliation during the transition to and from long-term care settings: a systematic review. Res. Social Adm. Pharm. DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2010.12.002 (2011) (Epub ahead of print).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Roughead EE , SempleSJ, VitryAI. Pharmaceutical care services: a systematic review of published studies, 1990 to 2003, examining effectiveness in improving patient outcomes. Intern. J. Pharm. Pract.13, 53–70(2005).
   Google Scholar
• Roughead EE , BarrattJD, RamsayENet al. The effectiveness of collaborative medicine reviews in delaying time to next hospitalization for heart failure patients in the practice setting: results of a cohort study. Circulat. Heart Failure 2, 424–428(2009).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koshman SL , CharroisTL, SimpsonSH, McAlisterFA, TsuyukiRT. Pharmacist care of patients with heart failure: a systematic review of randomized trials. Arch. Intern. Med.168(7), 687–694(2008).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Roughead EE , BarrattJD, RamsayEet al. Collaborative home medicines review delays time to next hospitalization for warfarin associated bleeding in Australian war veterans. J. Clin. Pharm. Ther. 36(1), 27–32(2011).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryan R , SantessoN, HillS, LoweD, KaufmanC, GrimshawJ. Consumer-oriented interventions for evidence-based prescribing and medicines use: an overview of systematic reviews. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.5, CD007768 (2011).
   Google Scholar

Websites

• Australian Government. Australian Institute for Health and Welfare 2011. Health priority areas www.aihw.gov.au/health-priority-areas
   Google Scholar
• WHO. Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2010 www.who.int/nmh/publications/ncd_report2010/en/
   Google Scholar