386
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

The Prognostic Value of Histological Tumor Necrosis in Solid Organ Malignant Disease: A Systematic Review

, , , &
Pages 1223-1235 | Published online: 12 Oct 2011

Bibliography

  • Gohagan JK , ProrokPC, HayesRB, KramerBS. The prostate, lung, colorectal and ovarian (PLCO) cancer screening trial of the National Cancer Institute: history, organization and status.Control Clin. Trials21, 251S–272S (2000).
  • Vakkila J , LotzeMT. Inflammation and necrosis promote tumor growth.Nat. Rev. Immunol.4, 641–648 (2004).
  • Hanahan D , WeinbergRA. Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation.Cell144, 646–674 (2011).
  • Proctor MJ , TalwarD, BalmarSMet al. The relationship between the presence and site of cancer, an inflammation-based prognostic score and biochemical parameters. Initial results of the Glasgow Inflammation Outcome Study. Br. J. Cancer 103, 870–876 (2010).
  • Galon J , CostesA, Sanchez-CaboFet al. Type, density, and location of immune cells within human colorectal tumors predict clinical outcome. Science 313, 1960–1964 (2006).
  • Klintrup K , MakinenJM, KauppilaSet al. Inflammation and prognosis in colorectal cancer. Eur. J. Cancer 41, 2645–2654 (2005).
  • Roxburgh CS , SalmondJM, HorganPG, OienKA, McMillanDC. Tumor inflammatory infiltrate predicts survival following curative resection for node-negative colorectal cancer.Eur. J. Cancer45, 2138–2145 (2009).
  • Frank I , BluteML, ChevilleJC, LohseCM, WeaverAL, ZinckeH. An outcome prediction model for patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma treated with radical nephrectomy based on tumor stage, size, grade and necrosis: the SSIGN score.J. Urol.168, 2395–2400 (2002).
  • Fisher ER , PalekarAS, GregorioRM, RedmondC, FisherB. Pathological findings from the national surgical adjuvant breast project (Protocol No. 4). IV. Significance of tumor necrosis.Hum. Pathol.9, 523–530 (1978).
  • Swinson DE , JonesJL, RichardsonD, CoxG, EdwardsJG, O’ByrneKJ. Tumor necrosis is an independent prognostic marker in non-small cell lung cancer: correlation with biological variables.Lung Cancer37, 235–240 (2002).
  • Pollheimer MJ , KornpratP, LindtnerRAet al. Tumor necrosis is a new promising prognostic factor in colorectal cancer. Hum. Pathol. 41, 1749–1757 (2010).
  • Gabay C , KushnerI. Acute-phase proteins and other systemic responses to inflammation.N. Engl J. Med.340, 448–454 (1999).
  • Sengupta S , LohseCM, LeibovichBCet al. Histologic coagulative tumor necrosis as a prognostic indicator of renal cell carcinoma aggressiveness. Cancer 104, 511–520 (2005).
  • Edwards JG , SwinsonDE, JonesJL, MullerS, WallerDA, O’ByrneKJ. Tumor necrosis correlates with angiogenesis and is a predictor of poor prognosis in malignant mesothelioma.Chest124, 1916–1923 (2003).
  • Klatte T , SaidJW, de MartinoMet al. Presence of tumor necrosis is not a significant predictor of survival in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: higher prognostic accuracy of extent based rather than presence/absence classification. J. Urol. 181, 1558–1564 (2009).
  • Amtrup F , HansenJB, ThyboE. Prognosis in renal carcinoma evaluated from histological criteria.Scand J. Urol. Nephrol8, 198–202 (1974).
  • Roosen JU , EngelU, JensenRH, KvistE, SchouG. Renal cell carcinoma: prognostic factors.Br J. Urol.74, 160–164 (1994).
  • Sabo E , BoltenkoA, SovaY, SteinA, KleinhausS, ResnickMB. Microscopic analysis and significance of vascular architectural complexity in renal cell carcinoma.Clin. Cancer Res.7, 533–537 (2001).
  • Moch H , GasserT, AminMB, TorhorstJ, SauterG, MihatschMJ. Prognostic utility of the recently recommended histologic classification and revised TNM staging system of renal cell carcinoma: a Swiss experience with 588 tumors.Cancer89, 604–614 (2000).
  • Amin MB , AminMB, TamboliPet al. Prognostic impact of histologic subtyping of adult renal epithelial neoplasms: an experience of 405 cases. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 26, 281–291 (2002).
  • Cheville JC , LohseCM, ZinckeH, WeaverAL, BluteML. Comparisons of outcome and prognostic features among histologic subtypes of renal cell carcinoma.Am. J. Surg. Pathol.27, 612–624 (2003).
  • Lam JS , ShvartsO, SaidJWet al. Clinicopathologic and molecular correlations of necrosis in the primary tumor of patients with renal cell carcinoma. Cancer 103, 2517–2525 (2005).
  • Ficarra V , MartignoniG, MaffeiNet al. Original and reviewed nuclear grading according to the Fuhrman system: a multivariate analysis of 388 patients with conventional renal cell carcinoma. Cancer 103, 68–75 (2005).
  • Lee SE , ByunSS, OhJKet al. Significance of macroscopic tumor necrosis as a prognostic indicator for renal cell carcinoma. J. Urol. 176, 1332–1337 (2006).
  • Zubac DP , BostadL, GestblomCet al. Renal cell carcinoma: a clinicopathological follow-up study after radical nephrectomy. Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol. 41, 191–197 (2007).
  • Brinker DA , AminMB, de Peralta-VenturinaM, ReuterV, ChanDY, EpsteinJI. Extensively necrotic cystic renal cell carcinoma: a clinicopathologic study with comparison to other cystic and necrotic renal cancers.Am. J. Surg. Pathol.24, 988–995 (2000).
  • Leibovich BC , BluteML, ChevilleJCet al. Prediction of progression after radical nephrectomy for patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a stratification tool for prospective clinical trials. Cancer 97, 1663–1671 (2003).
  • Frank I , BluteML, ChevilleJCet al. A multifactorial postoperative surveillance model for patients with surgically treated clear cell renal cell carcinoma. J. Urol. 170, 2225–2232 (2003).
  • Amin MB , CorlessCL, RenshawAA, TickooSK, KubusJ, SchultzDS. Papillary (chromophil) renal cell carcinoma: histomorphologic characteristics and evaluation of conventional pathologic prognostic parameters in 62 cases.Am. J. Surg. Pathol.21, 621–635 (1997).
  • Delahunt B , NaceyJN. Renal cell carcinoma. II. Histological indicators of prognosis.Pathology19, 258–263 (1987).
  • Leibovitch I , LevR, MorY, GolombJ, DotanZA, RamonJ. Extensive necrosis in renal cell carcinoma specimens: potential clinical and prognostic implications.Isr. Med. Assoc. J.3, 563–565 (2001).
  • Sorbellini M , KattanMW, SnyderMEet al. A postoperative prognostic nomogram predicting recurrence for patients with conventional clear cell renal cell carcinoma. J. Urol. 173, 48–51 (2005).
  • Lee SE , HongSK, HanBKet al. Prognostic significance of tumor necrosis in primary transitional cell carcinoma of upper urinary tract. Jpn J. Clin. Oncol. 37, 49–55 (2007).
  • Seitz C , GuptaA, ShariatSFet al. Association of tumor necrosis with pathological features and clinical outcome in 754 patients undergoing radical nephroureterectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma: an international validation study. J. Urol. 184, 1895–1900 (2010).
  • Langner C , HuttererG, ChromeckiT, LeiblS, RehakP, ZigeunerR. Tumor necrosis as prognostic indicator in transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract.J. Urol.176, 910–913 (2006).
  • Carter D , PipkinRD, ShepardRH, ElkinsRC, AbbeyH. Relationship of necrosis and tumor border to lymph node metastases and 10-year survival in carcinoma of the breast.Am. J. Surg. Pathol.2, 39–46 (1978).
  • Carlomagno C , PerroneF, LauriaRet al. Prognostic significance of necrosis, elastosis, fibrosis and inflammatory cell reaction in operable breast cancer. Oncology 52, 272–277 (1995).
  • Kato T , KimuraT, MiyakawaRet al. Clinicopathologic study associated with long-term survival in Japanese patients with node-negative breast cancer. Br. J. Cancer. 82, 404–411 (2000).
  • Ikpatt O , Ndoma-EgbaR, CollanY. Prognostic value of necrosis in Nigerian breast cancer.Adv. Clin. Path.6, 31–37 (2002).
  • Gilchrist KW , GrayR, FowbleB, TormeyDC, TaylorSG. Tumor necrosis is a prognostic predictor for early recurrence and death in lymph node-positive breast cancer: a 10-year follow-up study of 728 Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group patients.J. Clin. Oncol.11, 1929–1935 (1993).
  • Marques LA , FrancoEL, TorloniH, BrentaniMM, da Silva-NetoJB, BrentaniRR. Independent prognostic value of laminin receptor expression in breast cancer survival.Cancer Res.50, 1479–1483 (1990).
  • Shek LL , GodolphinW. Model for breast cancer survival: relative prognostic roles of axillary nodal status, TNM stage, estrogen receptor concentration, and tumor necrosis.Cancer Res.48, 5565–1569 (1988).
  • Fisher ER , LandSR, SaadRSet al. Pathologic variables predictive of breast events in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 128, 86–91 (2007).
  • Rilke F , ColnaghiMI, CascinelliNet al. Prognostic significance of HER-2/neu expression in breast cancer and its relationship to other prognostic factors. Int. J. Cancer 49, 44–49 (1991).
  • Kato T , KimuraT, MiyakawaRet al. Clinicopathologic study of angiogenesis in Japanese patients with breast cancer. World J. Surg. 21, 49–56 (1997).
  • Leek RD , LandersRJ, HarrisAL, LewisCE. Necrosis correlates with high vascular density and focal macrophage infiltration in invasive carcinoma of the breast.Br. J. Cancer79, 991–995 (1999).
  • Lee AH , GillettCE, RyderK, FentimanIS, MilesDW, MillisRR. Different patterns of inflammation and prognosis in invasive carcinoma of the breast.Histopathology48, 692–701 (2006).
  • Eerola AK , RuokolainenH, SoiniY, RaunioH, PääkköP. Accelerated apoptosis and low bcl-2 expression associated with neuroendocrine differentiation predict shortened survival in operated large cell carcinoma of the lung.Pathol. Oncol. Res.5, 179–186 (1999).
  • Kessler R , GasserB, MassardGet al. Blood vessel invasion is a major prognostic factor in resected non-small cell lung cancer. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 62, 1489–1493 (1996).
  • Shahab I , FraireAE, GreenbergSD, JohnsonEH, LangstonC, RoggliVL. Morphometric quantitation of tumor necrosis in stage 1 non-small cell carcinoma of lung: prognostic implications.Mod. Pathol.5, 521–524 (1992).
  • Lipford EH 3rd , EgglestonJC, LillemoeKD, SearsDL, MooreGW, BakerRR. Prognostic factors in surgically resected limited-stage, nonsmall cell carcinoma of the lung.Am. J. Surg. Pathol.8, 357–365 (1984).
  • Demirag F , UnsalE, YilmazA, CaglarA. Prognostic significance of vascular endothelial growth factor, tumor necrosis, and mitotic activity index in malignant pleural mesothelioma.Chest128, 3382–3387 (2005).
  • Gao JF , ArbmanG, WadhraTI, ZhangH, SunXF. Relationships of tumor inflammatory infiltration and necrosis with microsatellite instability in colorectal cancers.World J. Gastroenterol.11, 2179–2183 (2005).
  • Svennevig JL , LundeOC, HolterJ, Bj⊘rgsvikD. Lymphoid infiltration and prognosis in colorectal carcinoma.Br. J. Cancer49, 375–377 (1984).
  • Mulcahy HE , TonerM, PatchettSE, DalyL, O’DonoghueDP. Identifying stage B colorectal cancer patients at high risk of tumor recurrence and death.Dis. Colon Rectum40, 326–331 (1997).
  • Knutsen A , AdellG, SunXF. Inflammatory infiltration, fibrosis, necrosis and mucinous content in relation to clinicopathological and molecular factors in rectal cancers with or without preoperative radiotherapy.Oncol. Rep.16, 321–327 (2006).
  • Gustafson P . Soft tissue sarcoma. Epidemiology and prognosis in 508 patients.Acta Orthop. Scand. (Suppl.)259, 1–31 (1994).
  • Gustafson P , AkermanM, AlvegårdTAet al. Prognostic information in soft tissue sarcoma using tumor size, vascular invasion and microscopic tumor necrosis-the SIN-system. Eur. J. Cancer 39, 1568–1576 (2003).
  • Carneiro A , BendahlPO, EngellauJet al. A prognostic model for soft tissue sarcoma of the extremities and trunk wall based on size, vascular invasion, necrosis, and growth pattern. Cancer 117, 1279–1287 (2011).
  • Llombart-Bosch A , ContessoG, Henry-AmarMet al. Histopathological predictive factors in Ewing’s sarcoma of bone and clinicopathological correlations. A retrospective study of 261 cases. Virchows Arch. A Pathol. Anat. Histopathol. 409, 627–640 (1986).
  • Hiraoka N , InoY, SekineSet al. Tumor necrosis is a postoperative prognostic marker for pancreatic cancer patients with a high interobserver reproducibility in histological evaluation. Br. J. Cancer 103, 1057–1065 (2010).
  • Volante M , LandolfiS, ChiusaLet al. Poorly differentiated carcinomas of the thyroid with trabecular, insular, and solid patterns: a clinicopathologic study of 183 patients. Cancer 100, 950–957 (2004).
  • Hiltzik D , CarlsonDL, TuttleRMet al. Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas defined on the basis of mitosis and necrosis: a clinicopathologic study of 58 patients. Cancer 106, 1286–1295 (2006).
  • Muro-Cacho CA , CantorAB, MorganM. Prognostic factors in malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors.Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci.30, 239–247 (2000).
  • Soini Y , VirkajärviN, LehtoVP, PääkköP. Hepatocellular carcinomas with a high proliferation index and a low degree of apoptosis and necrosis are associated with a shortened survival.Br. J. Cancer73, 1025–1030 (1996).
  • Iimura Y , SaitoK, FujiiYet al. Development and external validation of a new outcome prediction model for patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma treated with nephrectomy based on preoperative serum C-reactive protein and TNM classification: the TNM-C score. J. Urol. 181, 1004–1012 (2009).
  • Manola J , RoystonP, ElsonPet al.; International Kidney Cancer Working Group. Prognostic Model for Survival in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: results from the International Kidney Cancer Working Group. Clin. Cancer Res.17(16), 5443–5450 (2011) (Epub ahead of print).
  • Liao D , JohnsonRS. Hypoxia: a key regulator of angiogenesis in cancer.Cancer Metastasis Rev.26, 281–290 (2007).

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.