159
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Case Series

Successful Treatment of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome with Topical Ambroxol: A Case Series

, , , , , & show all
Pages 427-436 | Received 02 Jul 2018, Accepted 31 Jul 2018, Published online: 05 Nov 2018

References

  • Oaklander AL , HorowitzSH . The complex regional pain syndrome . Handb. Clin. Neurol.131 , 481 – 503 ( 2015 ).
  • Maihöfner C , HandwerkerHO , NeundorferB , BirkleinF . Patterns of cortical reorganization in complex regional pain syndrome . Neurology61 ( 12 ), 1707 – 1715 ( 2003 ).
  • Russo MA , SantarelliDM . A novel compound analgesic cream (ketamine, pentoxifylline, clonidine, DMSO) for complex regional pain syndrome patients . Pain Pract.16 ( 1 ), E14 – E20 ( 2016 ).
  • Kern KU , WeiserT . Topical ambroxol for the treatment of neuropathic pain. An initial clinical observation (English version) . Schmerz29 ( Suppl. 3 ), S89 – S96 ( 2015 ).
  • Leffler A , ReckzehJ , NauC . Block of sensory neuronal Na+ channels by the secreolytic ambroxol is associated with an interaction with local anesthetic binding sites . Eur. J. Pharmacol.630 ( 1–3 ), 19 – 28 ( 2010 ).
  • Beeh KM , BeierJ , EsperesterA , PaulLD . Antiinflammatory properties of ambroxol . Eur. J. Med. Res13 ( 12 ), 557 – 562 ( 2008 ).
  • Holecyova A , KriskaM . The effect of ambroxol on the vascular reactivity in the rabbit . BRATISL. MED. J.99 ( 2 ), 99 – 103 ( 1998 ).
  • Weiser T . Comparison of the effects of four Na+ channel analgesics on TTX-resistant Na+ currents in rat sensory neurons and recombinant Nav1.2 channels . Neurosci. Lett.395 ( 3 ), 179 – 184 ( 2006 ).
  • Zhao P , BarrTP , HouQet al. Voltage-gated sodium channel expression in rat and human epidermal keratinocytes: evidence for a role in pain . Pain139 ( 1 ), 90 – 105 ( 2008 ).
  • Joshi SK , MikusaJP , HernandezGet al. Involvement of the TTX-resistant sodium channel Nav 1.8 in inflammatory and neuropathic, but not post-operative, pain states . Pain123 ( 1–2 ), 75 – 82 ( 2006 ).
  • Zimmermann K , LefflerA , BabesAet al. Sensory neuron sodium channel Nav1.8 is essential for pain at low temperatures . Nature447 ( 7146 ), 855 – 858 ( 2007 ).
  • Schofield GG , PuhlHL , 3rd , IkedaSR . Properties of wild-type and fluorescent protein-tagged mouse tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channel (Na V 1.8) heterologously expressed in rat sympathetic neurons . J. Neurophysiol.99 ( 4 ), 1917 – 1927 ( 2008 ).
  • Rahman W , DickensonAH . Osteoarthritis-dependent changes in antinociceptive action of Nav1.7 and Nav1.8 sodium channel blockers: an in vivo electrophysiological study in the rat . Neuroscience295 , 103 – 116 ( 2015 ).
  • Thakor DK , LinA , MatsukaYet al. Increased peripheral nerve excitability and local NaV1.8 mRNA up-regulation in painful neuropathy . Mol. pain5 , 14 ( 2009 ).
  • Gaida W , KlinderK , ArndtK , WeiserT . Ambroxol, a Nav1.8-preferring Na(+) channel blocker, effectively suppresses pain symptoms in animal models of chronic, neuropathic and inflammatory pain . Neuropharmacology49 ( 8 ), 1220 – 1227 ( 2005 ).
  • Belkouch M , DansereauMA , TetreaultPet al. Functional up-regulation of Nav1.8 sodium channel in Abeta afferent fibers subjected to chronic peripheral inflammation . J. Neuroinflamm.11 , 45 ( 2014 ).
  • Coggeshall RE , TateS , CarltonSM . Differential expression of tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channels Nav1.8 and Nav1.9 in normal and inflamed rats . Neurosci. Lett.355 ( 1–2 ), 45 – 48 ( 2004 ).
  • Weiser T . Presentation at the German Pain Conference 2005, October 19–22, 2005, Bremen, Germany . Schmerz19 ( Suppl. 1 ), S5 – S128 ( 2005 ).
  • Kern KU , WeiserT . Topical Ambroxol for the treatment of neuropathic or severe nociceptive pain – first case reports . Posterpresentation, 9th Congress of the European Federation of IASP® Chapters (EFIC®) – PAIN IN EUROPE IX, Vienna, Austria, 2–5 September, 2015 Poster No. 239 ( 2015 ).
  • Krämer HH , EberleT , ÜceylerNet al. TNF-alpha in CRPS and ‘normal’ trauma--significant differences between tissue and serum . Pain152 ( 2 ), 285 – 290 ( 2011 ).
  • Su X , WangL , SongY , BaiC . Inhibition of inflammatory responses by ambroxol, a mucolytic agent, in a murine model of acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide . Intensive Care Med.30 ( 1 ), 133 – 140 ( 2004 ).
  • Taha R , BlaiseGA . Update on the pathogenesis of complex regional pain syndrome: role of oxidative stress . Can. J. Anaesth.59 ( 9 ), 875 – 881 ( 2012 ).
  • Hartrick CT . Increased production of nitric oxide stimulated by interferon-gamma from peripheral blood monocytes in patients with complex regional pain syndrome . Neurosci. Lett.323 ( 1 ), 75 – 77 ( 2002 ).
  • Malerba M , RagnoliB . Ambroxol in the 21st century: pharmacological and clinical update . Expert Opin. Drug Metab. Toxicol.4 ( 8 ), 1119 – 1129 ( 2008 ).
  • Röhnert P , SchroderUH , ZiabrevaI , TagerM , ReymannKG , StriggowF . Insufficient endogenous redox buffer capacity may underlie neuronal vulnerability to cerebral ischemia and reperfusion . J. Neurosci. Res.90 ( 1 ), 193 – 202 ( 2012 ).
  • Drews G , TannapfelA , GnaukHGet al. Protective effects of ambroxol in hypothermic liver preservation: a transplant study . J. Invest. Surg.13 ( 4 ), 197 – 202 ( 2000 ).
  • Nowak D , AntczakA , PietrasT , BialasiewiczP , KrolM . Protective effect of ambroxol against heat- and hydrogen peroxide-induced damage to lung lipids in mice . Eur. Respir. J.7 ( 9 ), 1629 – 1634 ( 1994 ).
  • Facer P , PunjabiPP , AbrariAet al. Localisation of SCN10A gene product Na(v)1.8 and novel pain-related ion channels in human heart . Int. Heart J.52 ( 3 ), 146 – 152 ( 2011 ).
  • Birklein F , KunzelW , SiewekeN . Despite clinical similarities there are significant differences between acute limb trauma and complex regional pain syndrome I (CRPS I) . Pain93 ( 2 ), 165 – 171 ( 2001 ).
  • Hama AT , PlumAW , SagenJ . Antinociceptive effect of ambroxol in rats with neuropathic spinal cord injury pain . Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav.97 ( 2 ), 249 – 255 ( 2010 ).

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.