234
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Fear and Anxiety in the Transition from Acute to Chronic Pain: There is Evidence for Endurance Besides Avoidance

, , &
Pages 363-374 | Published online: 28 Oct 2014

References

  • Task Force on Taxonomy of the International Association for the Study of Pain. Merskey H , BogdukN . ( Eds ). IASP Press , WA, USA ( 1994 ).
  • Vlaeyen JW , LintonSJ . Fear-avoidance and its consequences in chronic musculoskeletal pain: a state of the art . Pain85 , 317 – 332 ( 2000 ).
  • Hodges PW , TuckerK . Moving differently in pain: a new theory to explain the adaptation to pain . Pain152 , S90 – S98 ( 2011 ).
  • Hodges PW , SmeetsRJ . Interaction between pain, movement and physical activity: Short-term benefits, long-term consequences, and targets for treatment . Clin. J. Pain ( 2014 ) ( Epub ahead of print ).
  • Zale EL , LangeKL , FieldsSA , DitreJW . The relation between pain-related fear and disability: a meta analysis . J. Pain14 ( 10 ), 1019 – 1030 ( 2013 ).
  • Asmundson , GJG , Parkerson , HA , Petter , M , Noel , M . What is the role of fear and escape/avoidance in chronic pain? Models, structural analysis and future directions . Pain Manag.2 ( 3 ), 295 – 303 ( 2012 ).
  • Marks IM . Fears, Phobias, and Rituals: Panic, Anxiety, and Their Disorders.Oxford University Press , NY, USA ( 1987 ).
  • Craske MG . Anxiety disorders: Psychological approaches to theory and treatment.Westview Press , CO, USA ( 1999 ).
  • Barlow DH . Anxiety and its disorders: The nature and treatment of anxiety and panic ( 2nd Edition ). Guilford Press , NY, USA ( 2002 ).
  • Philips H . Avoidance behavior and its role in sustaining chronic pain . Behav. Res. Ther.25 ( 4 ), 273 – 279 ( 1987 ).
  • Lethem J , SladePD , TroupJD , BentleyG . Outline of a fear-avoidance model of exaggerated pain perception-I . Behav. Res. Ther.21 ( 4 ), 401 – 408 ( 1983 ).
  • Norton PJ , AsmundsonGJG . Amending the fear–avoidance model of chronic pain: what is the role of physiological arousal?Behav. Ther.34 ( 1 ), 17 – 30 ( 2003 ).
  • Pincus T , VogelS , BurtonAK , SantosR , FieldAP . Fear avoidance and prognosis of back pain: a systematic review and synthesis of current evidence . Arthritis Rheum.54 ( 12 ), 3999 – 4010 ( 2006 ).
  • Hasenbring MI , HallnerD , KlasenB , Streitlein-BöhmeI , WillburgerR , RuscheH . Pain-related avoidance versus endurance in primary care patients with subacute back pain: psychological characteristics and outcome at a 6-month follow-up . Pain153 ( 1 ), 211 – 217 ( 2012 ).
  • Hasenbring MI , VerbuntJA . Fear-avoidance and endurance-related responses to pain: new models of behaviour and their consequences for clinical practice . Clin. J. Pain26 ( 9 ), 747 – 753 ( 2010 ).
  • Turk DC , WilsonHD . Fear of pain as a prognostic factor in chronic pain: conceptual models, assessment, and treatment implications . Curr. Pain Headache Rep.14 ( 2 ), 88 – 95 ( 2010 ).
  • Crombez G , EcclestonC , Van DammeS , VlaeyenJWS , KarolyP . Fear-avoidance model of chronic pain. The next generation . Clin. J. Pain28 ( 6 ), 1475 – 1483 ( 2012 ).
  • Wideman TH , AsmundsonGG , SmeetsRJet al. Rethinking the fear-avoidance model: Toward a multidimensional framework of pain-related disability . Pain154 ( 11 ), 2262 – 2265 ( 2013 ).
  • Vlaeyen JWS , LintonSJ . Fear-avoidance model of chronic musculoskeletal pain: 12 years on . Pain153 ( 6 ), 1144 – 1147 ( 2012 ).
  • Hasenbring MI , PlaasH , FischbeinB , WillburgerR . The relationship between activity and pain in patients 6 months after lumbar disc surgery: do pain-related coping modes act as moderator variables?Eur J. Pain10 ( 8 ), 701 – 709 ( 2006 ).
  • Plaas H , SudhausS , WillburgerR , HasenbringMI . Physical activity and low back pain: the role of subgroups based on the Avoidance-endurance model . Disabil. Rehabil.36 ( 9 ), 749 – 755 ( 2014 ).
  • Van Damme S , CrombezG , EcclestonC . Coping with pain: a motivational perspective . Pain139 ( 1 ), 1 – 4 ( 2008 ).
  • Eccleston C , CrombezG . Worry and chronic pain: A misdirected problem solving model . Pain132 ( 3 ), 233 – 236 ( 2007 ).
  • Kindermans HP , HuijnenIP , GoossensMEet al. “Being” in pain: the role of self-discrepancies in the emotional experience and activity patterns of patients with chronic low back pain . Pain152 ( 2 ), 403 – 409 ( 2011 ).
  • Ceulemans K , KarsdorpPA , VlaeyenJW . Mood, stop-rules and task persistence: no Mood-as-Input effects in the context of pain . J. Behav. Ther. Exp. Psychiatry44 ( 4 ), 463 – 468 ( 2013 ).
  • Hasenbring M . Attentional control of pain and the process of chronification . In:Progress in Brain Research.Vol 129 . SandkühlerJ , BrommB , GebhartGF . ( Eds ). Elsevier Science BV , Amsterdam, Netherlands , 525 – 534 ( 2000 ).
  • Bousema EJ , VerbuntJA , SeelenHAet al. Disuse and physical deconditioning in the first year after the onset of back pain . Pain130 ( 3 ), 279 – 286 ( 2007 ).
  • Hasenbring M . Endurance strategies – a neglected phenomenon in the research and therapy of chronic pain?Schmerz7 ( 4 ), 304 – 313 ( 1993 ).
  • Hasenbring MI , HallnerD , RusuAC . Endurance-related pain responses in the development of chronic back pain . In:From acute to chronic back pain. Risk factors, mechanisms, and clinical implications.HasenbringMI , RusuAC , TurkDC ( Eds ). Oxford University Press , London, UK295 – 314 ( 2012 ).
  • Cervero F , LairdJMA . One pain or many pains? A new look at pain mechanisms . Physiology6 , 268 – 273 ( 1991 ).
  • Woolf CJ , SalterMW . Neuronal Plasticity: increasing the gain in pain . Science288 ( 5472 ), 1765 – 1768 ( 2000 ).
  • McMahon , SB , KoltzenburgM . Novel classes of nociceptors: beyond Sherrington . Trends Neurosci.13 ( 6 ), 199 – 201 ( 1990 ).
  • Gerdle , B , Larsson , Bet al. Chronic widespread pain. Increased glutamate and lactate concentrations in the trapezius muscle and plasma . Clin. J. Pain30 ( 5 ), 409 – 420 ( 2014 ).
  • Staud , R , Nagel , S , Robinson , ME , Price , DD . Enhanced central pain processing of fibromyalgia patients is maintained by muscle afferent input: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study . Pain145 ( 1–2 ), 96 – 104 ( 2009 ).
  • Balagué F , MannionAF , PellisèCC . Clinical update: low back pain . Lancet369 ( 9563 ), 726 – 728 ( 2007 ).
  • Serbic D , PincusT . Chasing the ghosts: The impact of diagnostic labeling on self-management and pain-related guilt in chronic low back pain patients . J. Pain Manage.6 ( 1 ), 25 – 35 ( 2013 ).
  • Mineka S , KihlstromJF . Unpredictable and uncontrollable events: a new perspective on experimental neurosis . J Abnorm. Psychol.87 ( 2 ), 256 – 271 ( 1978 ).
  • Asmundson GG , NortonP , VlaeyenJ . Fear-avoidance models of chronic pain: an overview . In:Understanding and treating fear of pain.AsmundsonGG , VlaeyenJ , CrombezG ( Eds ). Oxford University Press , NY, USA , 3 – 24 ( 2004 ).
  • Blanchard RJ , BlanchardDC . An ethoexperimental analysis of defense, fear and anxiety.McNaughtonN , AndrewsG ( Eds ). Otago University Press , Dunedin, New Zealand , 124 – 133 ( 1990 ).
  • Gray JA , McNaughtonN . The Neuropsychology of anxiety: an enquiry into the functions of the septo-hippocampal system. ( 2nd Edition ). Oxford University Press , NY, USA ( 2000 ).
  • Lumley MA , CohenJL , BorszczGSet al. Pain and emotion: a biopsychosocial review of recent research . J. Clin. Psychol.67 ( 9 ), 942 – 968 ( 2011 ).
  • Ochsner KN , LudlowDH , KnierimKet al. Neural correlates of individual differences in pain-related fear and anxiety . Pain120 ( 1–2 ), 69 – 77 ( 2006 ).
  • Graeff FG , Del-BenCM . Neurobiology of panic disorder: From animal models to brain neuroimaging . Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev.32 ( 7 ), 1326 – 1335 ( 2008 ).
  • McNaughton N . Fear, anxiety and their disorders: past, present and future neural theories . Psychology & Neuroscience4 , 173 – 181 ( 2011 ).
  • McNaughton N , CorrPJ . A two-dimensional neuropsychology of defense: fear/anxiety and defensive distance . Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev.28 ( 3 ), 285 – 305 ( 2004 ).
  • Mounce C , Edmund KeoghE , EcclestonC . A principal components analysis of negative affect-related constructs relevant to pain: Evidence for a three component structure . J. Pain11 ( 8 ), 710 – 717 ( 2010 ).
  • Nesse RM , EllsworthPC . Evolution, emotions, and emotional disorders . Am. Psychol.64 ( 2 ), 129 – 139 ( 2009 ).
  • Fordyce WE . Behavioral methods for chronic pain and illness.The C.V. Mosby Company , MO, USA ( 1976 ).
  • Hasenbring MI , HallnerD , RusuAC . Fear-avoidance- and endurance-related responses to pain: development and validation of the Avoidance-endurance Questionnaire (AEQ) . Eur J. Pain13 ( 6 ), 620 – 628 ( 2009 ).
  • Sudhaus S , MöllenbergT , PlaasH , WillburgerR , SchmiederK , HasenbringM . Cortisol awakening response and pain-related fear-avoidance versus endurance in patients six months after lumbar disc surgery . Appl. Psychophysiol. Biofeedback37 ( 2 ), 121 – 130 ( 2012 ).
  • Scholich SL , HallnerD , WittenbergRH , HasenbringMI , RusuAC . The relationship between pain, disability, quality of life and cognitive-behavioural factors in chronic back pain . Disabil. Rehabil.34 ( 23 ), 1993 – 2000 ( 2012 ).
  • Karoly P . A goal systems-self-regulatory perspective on personality, psychopathology, and change . Rev. Gen. Psychol.3 , 264 – 291 ( 1999 ).
  • Karoly P , OkunMA , RuehlmanLS , PuglieseJA . The impact of goal cognition and pain severity on disability and depression in adults with chronic pain: an examination of direct effects and mediated . Cog. Ther. Res.32 , 418 – 433 ( 2008 ).
  • Eccleston C , CrombezG . Pain demands attention: a cognitive-affective model of the interruptive function of pain . Psychol. Bull.125 ( 3 ), 356 – 366 ( 1999 ).
  • Van Damme S , LegrainV , VogtJ , CrombezG . Keeping pain in mind: a motivational account of attention to pain . Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev.34 ( 2 ), 204 – 213 ( 2010 ).
  • Goschke T , DreisbachG . Conflict-triggered goal shielding: response conflicts attenuate background monitoring for prospective memory cues . Psychol. Sci.19 ( 1 ), 25 – 32 ( 2008 ).
  • Shah JY , KruglanskiAW . Priming against your will: How accessible alternatives affect goal pursuit . J. Exp. Soc. Psychol38 , 368 – 383 ( 2002 ).
  • Crombez G , EcclestonC , BaeyensFet al. The disruptive nature of pain: an experimental investigation . Behav. Res. Ther.34 ( 11–12 ), 911 – 918 ( 1996 ).
  • Rachman SJ . Fear and courage: a psychological perspective . Soc. Res.71 , 149 – 176 ( 2004 ).
  • Gross JJ . Emotion regulation: Affective, cognitive, and social consequences . Psychophysiology39 ( 30 , 281 – 291 ( 2002 ).
  • McCaul KD , HaugtvedtC . Attention, distraction, and cold-pressor pain . J. Pers. Soc. Psychol.43 ( 1 ), 154 – 162 ( 1982 ).
  • McCaul KD , MallotJM . Distraction and coping with pain . Psychol Bull.95 ( 3 ), 516 – 533 ( 1984 ).
  • Ahles T , BlanchardE , LeventhalH . Cognitive control of pain: attention to the sensory aspects of the cold pressor stimulus . Cogn. Ther. Res.7 , 159 – 177 ( 1983 ).
  • Wenzlaff RM , BatesDE . The relative efficacy of concentration and suppression strategies of mental control . Pers. Soc. Psychol. Bull.26 , 1200 – 1212 ( 2000 ).
  • Arnold MB . Emotion and personality.Columbia University Press , NY, USA ( 1960 ).
  • Tong EMW , EllsworthPC , BishopGD . An S-shaped relationship between changes in appraisals and changes in emotions . Emotion9 ( 6 ), 821 – 837 ( 2009 ).
  • Aldao A , Nolen-HoeksemaS , Schweizer , S . Emotion-regulation strategies across psychopathology: A meta-analytic review . Clin. Psychol. Rev.30 ( 2 ), 217 – 237 ( 2010 ).
  • Lazarus RS , FolkmanS . Stress, appraisal, and coping.Springer , NY, USA ( 1984 ).
  • Hayes SC . Acceptance and commitment therapy, relational frame theory, and the third wave of behavioral and cognitive therapies . Behav. Ther.35 , 639 – 665 ( 2004 ).
  • Sullivan MJL , ThornB , HaythornthwaiteJAet al. Theoretical perspectives on the relation between catastrophizing and pain . Clin. J. Pain17 ( 1 ), 52 – 64 ( 2001 ).
  • Gallar J , PozoMA , RebolloI , BelmonteC . Effects of capsaicin on corneal wound healing . Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.31 ( 10 ), 1968 – 1974 ( 1990 ).
  • Nagasako EM , OaklanderAL , DworkinRH . ( 2003 ) Congenital insensitivity to pain: an update . Pain101 ( 3 ), 213 – 219 .
  • Shah JY . The automatic pursuit and management of goals . Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci.14 , 10 – 13 ( 2005 ).
  • Turk DC . A diathesis-stress model of chronic pain and disability following traumatic injury . Pain Res. Manag.7 ( 1 ), 9 – 19 ( 2002 ).
  • Andrews NE , StrongJ , MeredithPJ . Activity pacing, avoidance, endurance, and associations with patient functioning in chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis . Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil.93 ( 11 ), 2109 – 2121 ( 2012 ).
  • Grebner M , BremeK , RothoerlR , WoertgenC , HartmannA , ThoméC . Coping and convalescence course after lumbar disk operations . Schmerz13 ( 1 ), 19 – 30 ( 1999 ).
  • Cioffi D , HollowayJ . Delayed costs of suppressed pain . J. Pers. Soc. Psychol.64 ( 2 ), 274 – 282 ( 1993 ).
  • Masedo AI , EsteveRM . Effects of suppression, acceptance and spontaneous coping on pain tolerance, pain intensity and distress . Behav. Res. Ther.45 ( 2 ), 199 – 209 ( 2007 ).
  • Sullivan MJL , RouseD , Bishop , S , JohnstonS . Thought suppression, catastrophizing and pain . Cog. Ther. Res.21 , 555 – 568 ( 1997 ).
  • Amsel A . Behavioural habituation, counterconditioning, and a general theory of persistence . In:Classical conditioning II: current research and theory.BlackAH , ProkasyWF ( Eds ), Appleton-Century-CroftsNY, USA , 409 – 426 ( 1972 ).
  • Vlaeyen JWS , Kole-SnijdersAMJ , BoerenRGB , van EekH . Fear of movement/(re)injury in chronic low back pain and its relation to behavioral performance . Pain62 ( 3 ), 363 – 372 ( 1995 ).
  • Asmundson GG , HadjistavropoulosHD . Is high fear of pain associated with attentional biases for pain-related or general threat? A categorical reanalysis . J. Pain8 ( 1 ), 11 – 18 ( 2007 ).
  • Linton SJ , ShawWS . Impact of psychological factors in the experience of pain . Phys. Ther.91 ( 5 ), 700 – 11 ( 2011 ).
  • Wertli MM , BurgstallerJM , WeiserS , SteurerJ , KofmehlR , HeldU . Influence of catastrophizing on treatment outcome in patients with nonspecific low back pain. A systematic review . Spine39 ( 3 ), 263 – 273 ( 2014 ).
  • Wegner DM , SchneiderDJ , CarterSR , WhiteTL . Paradoxical effects of thought suppression . J. Pers. Soc. Psychol.53 ( 1 ), 5 – 13 ( 1987 ).
  • Wenzlaff RM , WegnerDM . Thought suppression . Ann. Rev. Psychol.51 , 59 – 91 ( 2000 ).
  • Van Koulil S , KraimaatFW , Van LankveldWet al. Cognitive–behavioral mechanisms in a pain-avoidance and a pain-persistence treatment for high-risk fibromyalgia patients . Arthritis Care Res. (Hoboken)63 ( 6 ), 800 – 807 ( 2011 ).
  • Hasenbring M , MarienfeldG , KuhlendalD , SoykaD . Risk factors of chronicity in lumbar disc patients. A prospective investigation of biologic, psychologic, and social predictors of therapy outcome . Spine19 ( 24 ), 2759 – 2765 ( 1994 ).
  • Hasenbring M , PincusT . Effective reassurance in primary care of low back pain: what messages from clinicians are most beneficial at early stages of LBP?Clin. J. Pain ( 2014 ) ( Epub ahead of print ).
  • Hasenbring M , UlrichHW , HartmannM , SoykaD . The efficacy of a risk factor based cognitive behavioral intervention and EMG-biofeedback in patients with acute sciatic pain: an attempt to prevent chronicity . Spine24 ( 23 ), 2525 – 2535 ( 1999 ).

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.